Comparison between Infrared and Raman Spectroscopic Analysis of Maturing Rabbit Cortical Bone (original) (raw)
Related papers
ANALYSIS OF BONE COMPOSITION WITH RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY
Bone is a composite material formed by the nucleation and growth of a mineral highly resembling calcium hydroxyapatite, Ca 10 (PO 4) 6 (OH) 2 , within an organic matrix consisting mainly of type I collagen. Seventy percent of mature bone consists of the inorganic phase while the organic matrix and water fills the rest. Development of fast and reliable methodologies capable of analyzing chemically the major bone constituents is needed. In the present work, Raman spectroscopy, a non-destructive technique, was applied as such a tool on bovine cortical and trabecular parts of bone. Preliminary results show that their mineral to organic ratio differs at 30%.
Bone, 2010
Important aspects of bone tissue quality include the physicochemical properties of its main constituents, the organic matrix and the mineral crystals. One of the most commonly reported measurements of Raman analysis of bone is the mineral to matrix ratio, obtained from the ratio of the integrated areas of any of the phosphate and amide peaks which depend on both tissue organization and composition. Cube-like samples of normal mouse cortical bone taken from the diaphysis and metaphysis of the femur were investigated within different age groups (2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks) by Raman microspectroscopy. Anatomically identical bone in both longitudinal and transverse directions was analyzed, enabling the discrimination between orientation and composition changes both as a function of animal age, and tissue age within the same animal. The results of the present study indicate that there is a parallel evolution of both orientation and chemical composition as a function of animal age, as well as tissue age within the same specimen. Our tissue age modified ratio of the carbonate to phosphate Raman peaks suggests that the bone mineral crystallite maturity remains relatively constant with animal age. Comparisons of polarized and depolarized experiments in the transversal plane of the diaphysis show a lack of orientation effects as a function of tissue age within the same animal, but exhibit differences as a function of animal age. In the metaphysis, the orientation effect is evident too, albeit less pronounced. This is most likely due to either the age difference between the two tissues within the same specimen in the long bone axis, as metaphyseal bone is generally younger than diaphyseal, or the more random orientation of the tissue collagen itself.
Comparison of Bone Quality in Healthy Male and Female Animal Models Using Raman Spectroscopy
2015
It is a general perception that, women, especially the elderly, are more susceptible to bone diseases such as osteoporosis and prone to cracks than men. In the present work, the quality of bone, of female anile healthy animal models were evaluated by Raman spectroscopy and compared to male age-matched controls. A group of three pairs of wistar rats (six animals) were sacrificed at the age of 13 weeks. Thigh and tibia were used for the analysis. Several spectra from periosteum were collected using a micro-Raman spectrometer. After appropriate deconvolution and band fitting, the intensity of the primary phosphate band (PO4, v1) at 959 cm, of 1072 cm for the carbonate of the mineral, the matrix bands at 855 cm (proline), 875 cm (hydroxyproline), as well as the 1668 cm and 1685 cm bands under the amide I envelope (1590-1710 cm) were measured. The following Raman metrics were calculated: mineral to matrix ratio (MMR), mineral carbonation, mineral crystallinity and [1668 cm / 1685 cm] whi...
Contributions of Raman spectroscopy to the understanding of bone strength
BoneKEy reports, 2015
Raman spectroscopy is increasingly commonly used to understand how changes in bone composition and structure influence tissue-level bone mechanical properties. The spectroscopic technique provides information on bone mineral and matrix collagen components and on the effects of various matrix proteins on bone material properties as well. The Raman spectrum of bone not only contains information on bone mineral crystallinity that is related to bone hardness but also provides information on the orientation of mineral crystallites with respect to the collagen fibril axis. Indirect information on collagen cross-links is also available and will be discussed. After a short introduction to bone Raman spectroscopic parameters and collection methodologies, advances in in vivo Raman spectroscopic measurements for animal and human subject studies will be reviewed. A discussion on the effects of aging, osteogenesis imperfecta, osteoporosis and therapeutic agents on bone composition and mechanical...
A comparison of cortical and trabecular bone from C57 Black 6 mice using Raman spectroscopy
Bone, 2009
Cortical and trabecular bone are both produced and maintained by the same cell types. At the microscopic scale they have a similar lamellar structure but at a macroscopic scale they are very different. Raman microscopy has been used to investigate compositional differences in the two bone types using bone from standard laboratory mice in physiological conditions. Clear differences were observed when complete spectra were compared by principal component analysis (PCA). Analysis of individual bands showed cortical bone to have compositional characteristics of older bone when compared with trabecular material, possibly due to the higher bone turnover traditionally reported in the trabecular compartment.
Raman Assessment of Bone Quality
Clinical Orthopaedics & Related Research, 2010
Background Progress in the diagnosis and prediction of fragility fractures depends on improvements to the understating of the compositional contributors of bone quality to mechanical competence. Raman spectroscopy has been used to evaluate alterations to bone composition associated with aging, disease, or injury. Questions/purposes In this survey we will (1) review the use of Raman-based compositional measures of bone quality, including mineral-to-matrix ratio, carbonateto-phosphate ratio, collagen quality, and crystallinity; (2) review literature correlating Raman spectra with biomechanical and other physiochemical measurements and with bone health; and (3) discuss prospects for ex vivo and in vivo human subject measurements. Methods ISI Web of Science was searched for references to bone Raman spectroscopy in peer-reviewed journals. Papers from other topics have been excluded from this review, including those on pharmaceutical topics, dental tissue, tissue engineering, stem cells, and implant integration. Results Raman spectra have been reported for human and animal bone as a function of age, biomechanical status, pathology, and other quality parameters. Current literature supports the use of mineral-to-matrix ratio, carbonate-tophosphate ratio, and mineral crystallinity as measures of bone quality. Discrepancies between reports arise from the use of band intensity ratios rather than true composition ratios, primarily as a result of differing collagen band selections. Conclusions Raman spectroscopy shows promise for evaluating the compositional contributors of bone quality in ex vivo specimens, although further validation is still needed. Methodology for noninvasive in vivo assessments is still under development.
Spectroscopic Discrimination of Bone Samples from Various Species
American Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 2012
Determining the species of origin of skeletal remains is critical in a forensic and anthropologic context. However, there are very few methods that use a chemical approach to assist in this determination. In this study, Raman spectroscopy was used to discriminate bone samples originating from four different species (bovine, porcine, turkey and chicken). Spectra were obtained using a near infrared laser at 785-nm. All spectra were combined in a single matrix and processed using partial least squares discriminate analysis (PLS-DA) with leave-one-out cross-validation. Three components were found to adequately describe the system. The first two components which contributed over 85% of spectral data was seen to completely separate the four species of origin in a two dimensional scores plot. A 95% confidence interval was draw around score points of each species class with very slight overlap. The first two components were seen to have large contributions from bioapatite and collagen, the main components of bone. This study serves as a preliminary investigation to evaluate the effectiveness of Raman spectroscopy to discriminate the species of origin of bone tissue.