Recycling and Mechanical Characterization of Polymer Blends Present in Printers (original) (raw)
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Long-Term Strength of Polymer Blends from Recycled Materials
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, 2013
This report presents data on the long-term strength of five composites made of plastic waste. They contain low density polyethylene, high density polyethylene, polypropylene and polystyrene (LDPE, HDPE, PP and PS). Long-term strength is determined experimentally by tensile creep to fracture. The experimentally determined long-term strength is compared to predictions for its probabilistic boundaries. The calculation method of these predictions uses data from short-term experiments. The calculated predictions are true for four compositions which exhibit ductile fracture. The composite containing 50 wt.% PS has the greatest strength (of the tested specimens) and has brittle fracture. Its calculated estimate of long-term strength is not consistent with the experimental one.
Recycling of waste from polymer materials: An overview of the recent works
Polymer recycling is a way to reduce environmental problems caused by polymeric waste accumulation generated from day-today applications of polymer materials such packaging and construction. The recycling of polymeric waste helps to conserve natural resource because the most of polymer materials are made from oil and gas. This paper reviews the recent progress on recycling of polymeric waste form some traditional polymers and their systems (blends and composites) such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polystyrene (PS), and introduces the mechanical and chemical recycling concepts. In addition, the effect of mechanical recycling on properties including the mechanical, thermal, rheological and processing properties of the recycled materials is highlighted in the present paper.
European Polymer Journal, 2005
The aim of this work, within the framework of polymer recycling, is to upgrade waste from electrical and electronic equipment. Blends of the two major residues were prepared via a melt blending process. These are ABS consisting of a SAN thermoplastic matrix with a dispersed elastomeric (polybutadiene rubber) component and polycarbonate (PC). The effect of partial miscibility and previous degradation levels was investigated. Mechanical characterization of ABS/PC systems was carried out to determine the optimum composition range. Previous degradation levels of the two wastes were investigated by FTIR and little degradation was found on ABS due to the presence of a polybutadiene rubber which is more sensitive to thermo-oxidative processes but no significant degradation was found on PC. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) tests demonstrated certain miscibility between the two components by identifying two glass transition temperatures. This partial miscibility, together with the small degradation of the elastomeric component, contributes to a low interaction promoting a decrease on mechanical performance. Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) showed the system morphology and certain lack of adherence along SAN/polybutadiene interface related to degradation of polybutadiene spheres which act as stress concentrators. The use of the equivalent box model (EBM) allowed to quantify the interaction level by determining an interaction/adherence parameter ''A'', which turned to be lower than 1 and corroborated the lack of interaction.
Mechanical properties of recycled polymers
Macromolecular Symposia, 1999
during reprocessing can cause a drastic deterioration of mechanical properties of the recycled material. The propertyreprocessing relationships are an important tool to determine not only the properties of the recycled polymers but also the strategies to use (processing conditions, stabilizers, fillers, compatibilizers, etc) in order to obtain recycled polymers with good mechanical properties. In this work, typical behaviour of some mechanical properties as a function of the number of reprocessing operations is discussed and correlated with their structure and morphology. The influences of the type of apparatus and of the processing conditions are also considered.
Macromolecular Symposia, 2015
Polymer blending is an efficient way for tailoring products with required set of properties and is often more cost effective when recycling. In this study, the effect of different blend ratios on tensile properties, morphology and crystallinity of recycled poly(propylene) (rPP) and recycled high density polyethylene (rHDPE) were studied. Polyethylene maleic anhydride (PEMA) as compatibilizer was used to improve the properties of rPP/rHDPE blends. The blends were prepared using a counter rotating twin screw extruder. The tensile strength and elongation at break of uncompatibilized blends decreased with increasing rHDPE content, whereas the modulus of elasticity increased. The crystallinity of rPP decreased with increases of the rHDPE content, but the crystallinity of rHDPE increased in uncompatibilized blends. It was found that tensile strength and modulus of elasticity of compatibilized rPP/rHDPE blends higher than uncompatibilized blends. The SEM micrograpgh of tensile fractured surface of compatibilized rPP/rHDPE showed better interfacial adhesion and interaction between rPP and rHDPE. It was also found that the crystallinity of compatibilized rPP/rHDPE blends enhanced with the presence of PEMA.
Processing and Characterization of Recycled PC/Abs Blends With High Recycle Content
In order to develop a polycarbonate (PC)/ acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) product with a high content of recycled PC, a low molecular weight virgin PC was added to recycled PC to minimize batch-to-batch property variations in the compounded product. Six PC/ABS blends were prepared on a twin screw extruder by mixing 50 wt% virgin ABS and 0-25 wt% low molecular weight virgin PC with 25-50 wt% high purity recycled PC recovered from end-of-life electronics. These blends were characterized rheologically and mechanically. Results showed that this strategy could yield consistent quality resin blends with a high recycle content.
Quality Concepts for the Improved Use of Recycled Polymeric Materials: A Review
Macromolecular Materials and Engineering, 2008
Polymeric materials allow the manufacture of a wide variety of low-cost, high-performance products, and contribute to continuous energy saving and sustainable development. The inert nature and biodegradation resistance of synthetic polymers have created, however, an important environmental dilemma concerning their waste management. The optimisation of waste management procedures should imply a multidisciplinary approach based on a hierarchy, in which prevention, waste minimisation, waste reuse, waste recovery and, lastly, disposal should be prioritised, in that order. Options for plastic waste recovery, in contraposition to landfill
Recycling of a Biodegradable Polymer Blend
Polymers
Mechanical recycling is one of the possible ways to enhance the value of postconsumer plastic materials. However, the final performance of the recycled material will strongly depend on the quality of the selection made on the recycled product and on the degradation of the properties. In this context, the present study examines the effect of reprocessing for five successive extrusion cycles on the rheological, mechanical and thermal properties of a poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT)-based blend on samples reprocessed in both dry and wet conditions. The results showed that when the sample was processed after drying, degradation of the material was less than when it was processed in wet conditions. However, the experimental results showed that the decrease of rheological and mechanical properties was not so dramatic, and therefore the material could be reused in both cases.