Ablation of Cerebellar Golgi Cells Disrupts Synaptic Integration Involving GABA Inhibition and NMDA Receptor Activation in Motor Coordination (original) (raw)

The cerebellar cortex forms an array of defined neural 2 Morphological Brain Science networks consisting of only five major types of neuronal Kyoto University Faculty of Medicine cells (Ramó n y Cajal, 1911; Eccles et al., 1967). Purkinje Kyoto 606-8501, Japan cells receive excitatory inputs from parallel fibers and 3 Department of Physiology climbing fibers and serve as the single output system Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine of the cerebellar cortex. Granule cells are excitatory Kyoto 602-0841, Japan interneurons that relay mossy fiber inputs via parallel 4 Department of Physiology fibers to Purkinje cells. The activity of Purkinje cells is Kanazawa University School of Medicine modulated by three types of inhibitory interneurons that Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan are activated by the parallel fibers and categorized into two main types: basket and stellate cells, which reside 5 Department of Biophysics in the molecular layer, and Golgi cells, which are located Graduate School of Science in the granular layer. Kyoto University Golgi cells have extensive radial dendritic trees that Kyoto 606-8502, Japan receive inputs from the parallel fibers and in turn termi-6 Laboratory of Transgenic Technology nate their axonic plexus on granule cell dendrites in the Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics cerebellar glomeruli (Eccles et al., 1967). The Golgi cells Kumamoto University School of Medicine release an inhibitory ␥-aminobutyric acid (GABA) trans-Kumamoto 862-0976, Japan mitter (Eccles et al., 1964; Puia et al., 1994) and are 7 Research and Education Center thought to contribute to reduction and filtering of mossy for Genetic Information fiber inputs before distributing inputs to Purkinje cells Nara Institute of Science and Technology (Marr, 1969; Gabbiani et al., 1994). In addition, the inhibi-Ikoma 630-0101, Japan tory interactions such as the Golgi cell-granule cell inter-8 Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science action, which form a feedback inhibitory circuit, may School of Medicine also affect their temporal patterning (for review, see Fujita Health University Singer, 1996) and would thus play an important role in Toyoake 470-1192, Japan information processing of motor responses (Marr,