The impact of premenopausal empowerment model based health belief model to changes in physical activity levels in controlling complaints of perimenopausal women in Pematangsiantar City, Indonesia, 2017 (original) (raw)

2017, Giornale Italiano di ostetricia e ginecologia

Abstract

Background With increased age, every woman will experience a transition from a reproductive period to a non reproductive period known as menopause, which based on a study by Siregar M.F.G. (2016), alternatively, can be diagnosed by vaginal pH ≥ 5,5 (1, 3). This period is characterized by decreased hormone levels and cause various complaints, the degree of which vary between each individual. These complaints range from very mild symptoms to severe life disturbing symptoms (both physical and psychological), and is known as the climacteric syndrome. Symptoms include hot flushes and night sweats, insomnia, and vaginal dryness, osteoporosis, arteriosclerosis, dyslipidemia, decreased mood, irritability, and headaches. A study by Siregar M.F.G. et al. (2016) showed that based on the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS), 50-56-year-old women mostly complained these symptoms (2, 4). A study conducted in the town of Pematang Siantar at 2009 on 210 respondents aged 46-55 years who were experiencing perimenopause reported ten (out of 22 complaints in the climacteric syndrome) most frequent complaints: irritability (83.3%), leg tingling (68.1%), rheumatic pain (68.1%), headache (59.5%), anxiety (56.2%), missing sexual arousal (54.8%), difficulty reaching orgasm (52.8%), myalgia (51.4%), sleeplessness (49.5%) and no concentration (49.1). As much as 92.4% of 210 women examined experienced climacteric complaints, with 138 of them (67%) were workers (1,3). Memory problems during menopause are also frequently reported, which is supported by results from Siregar M.F.G. (2016) who reported states that the increased SUMMARY: The impact of premenopausal empowerment model based health belief model to changes in physical activity levels in controlling complaints of perimenopausal women in Pematangsiantar City, Indonesia, 2017.

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