National Discourses between Universalisation and Ethnicalisation in Contemporary Turkey (original) (raw)
Related papers
Nationalism in Turkey: Response to a Historical Necessity
The purpose of this article is to cast some light on the question as why and how nationalism appeared rather suddenly on the political stage in Turkey at the beginning of the 20 th century. This article asserts that Turkish nationalism was an answer to the particular historical conditions that characterised the final phases of the Ottoman Empire and the birth of the modern Turkey. This article specifies some of these conditions and argues that, rather than emerging ex nihilo Turkish nationalism was in fact continuation of the attempts undertaken by the Ottoman rulers and the Young Turks in order to prevent the disintegration of the Empire by inventing integrative ideologies such as Ottomanism, Pan-Islamism and Pan-Turanism.
Turkish Nationalism In The Context Of The Seperation Of Ethnic And Civic Nationalisms
Nationalism is a powerless concept as an ideology but it is quite effective movement as a political praticise. Nationalism has not popular representatives as seperately from other ideologies. In this sense, nationalism is more different than the others. Every nationalism has it's own specific features. Therefore nationalist principles which are universal, fixed and on their own existing as the quality, cannot be said and it is not possible. Nevertheless, the most significant resource of nationalism is the concept of the nation. Besides nationalism is an extensive and used to define two quite distinct things that a political doctrine or ideology and a social and political movement like other terms in social science. But nationalism is going to be addressed as an ideology. The ideology of nationalism is divided as ethnic nationalism and civic nationalism. Because of this reason, the question of " What is ethnic nationalism? " will be tried to answer firstly and then the question of " What is civic nationalism? " will tried to reply secondly. When both of these questions will be tried to answers, some examples will be given from the past or history as the examples for ethnic nationalism Nazist Germany, Facsist Italy during the period of World War II and the examples for civic nationalism the idea of Ottomanism and the case of United States of America basically. In addition, the explonations of ethnic nationalism and civic nationalism which as two different kinds of nationalism comes in front of us, will be tried to be sitting somewhere inside the ideology of Turkish Nationalism and the dimensions of it that explain by different perspectives. The differences, the similarities and the same points will be put forth between Turkish Nationalism and ethnic-civic nationalisms by comparing. Also the question is that " Can we define Turkish Nationalism as a civic nationalism? " will be answered with our opinions eventually in this article.
Political views such as Ottomanism, Islamism and Turanism (Turkism) were experienced by Ottoman Empire in last and longest century in order to protect his integration better. Newborn Republic took over ideological legacy of the Ottoman Empire largely and transformed it with a new style. Nationalist ideology, that continues its evolution in anti-communist conjuncture during the Cold War, has again changed its imagination with emerging the problem of ethnic nationalism after the 1980s. The traces of nationalism, which has a particular goal but does not have a way that is exactly certain, are tried to be followed from the Ottoman to Turkey. We carefully elected some important actors and their perceptions in order to understand and compare better the reality of national cases.
Studies in Ethnicity and Nationalism, 2009
Abstract: Throughout recent decades, the processes of globalisation and Europeanisation have been influential in Turkey, bringing various changes to the economic, cultural and political spheres. Within the context of these processes, this article analyses the changes and continuities in the discourse of nationalism and national identity in Turkey through their reflections on school textbooks and curricula. On the one hand, the globalisation process has brought calls for democratisation, as well as citizenship and identity claims, from the societal actors in Turkey. On the other hand, it has given rise to concerns about preserving the status quo, which have then been channelled into the language of nationalism. The Europeanisation process has also fed these projects and discourses. Its effects, in moments of close interrelations between Turkey and the European Union, have consisted of bringing positive reinforcements for the decoupling of security concerns and nationalism, the formation of a new and democratic understanding of citizenship and the realisation of ambitions for democratisation in Turkey; however, in other times, backlashes have occurred.
The emergence and progress of nationalism in Turkey
The Routledge International Handbook of Contemporary Muslim Socio-Political Thought, 2022
This volume unfolds the ebbs and flows of Muslim thought in di erent regions of the world, as well as the struggles between the di erent intellectual discourses that have surfaced against this backdrop. With a focus on Turkey, Egypt, Iran and the Indian subcontinent-regions that, in spite of their particular histories and forms of thought, are uniquely placed as a mosaic that illustrates the intertwined nature of the development of Muslim socio-political thought-it sheds light on the swing between right and left in di erent regions, the debates surrounding nationalism, the influence of socialism and liberalism, the rise of Islamism and the conflict between state bureaucracy and social movements. Exploring themes of civil society and democracy, it also considers current trends in Muslim thought and possible future directions. As such, it will appeal to scholars across the fields of sociology, anthropology, political science, history and political economy, as well as those with interests in the study of religion, the development of Muslim thought, and the transformation of Muslim societies in recent decades.