Fabrication of Epoxide Functional Hydrophobic Composite Polymer Particles by Suspension Polymerization and Subsequent Doping with Fe3O4 Nanoparticles (original) (raw)
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Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 2006
In situ precipitation of iron oxide nanoparticles within the cross-linked styrene-(N-4-carboxybutylmaleimide) copolymer was carried out by an ion-exchange method. The resulting composite was studied by X-ray photoelectron (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies. FTIR analysis showed the evolution of iron oxide deposition and the formation of sodium carboxylate due to the deposition treatment. In addition, XPS analysis indicated the complete oxidation of iron(II) to iron(III) by the presence of the representative peaks of iron oxide and iron oxyhydroxide. X-ray diffraction analysis was used to identify the inorganic phases. The results showed the formation of maghemite (g-Fe 2 O 3 ), and after several deposition cycles, goethite (a-FeOOH). The morphology and spatial distribution of iron oxide particles within the copolymer matrix were determined by transmission electron microscopy. The mean particle size of the iron oxide was of 14 nm as determined from wideangle X-ray diffraction using the Scherrer equation. The evolution of magnetic properties with the number of deposition cycles was investigated by magnetometry at room temperature. The poly(styrene-co-N-4-carboxybutylmaleimide)/g-Fe 2 O 3 /a-FeOOH/composite showed a soft ferrimagnetic behavior and, after the third deposition cycle, showed a saturation magnetization of 8.04 emu/g at 12 kOe and coercivity field of 51 Oe.
Synthesis of P (MMA-co-AA-co-DVB) Fe 3 O 4 / magnetic composite nanoparticles
Soap free emulsion polymerization technique was used for preparing organic-inorganic composite nanoparticles. The technique involves first the preparation of Poly methylmethacrylate (MMA), Acrylic acid (AA) and Divinyl benzene (DVB) poly (MMA-co-AA-co-DVB) polymer through soap free emulsion polymerization process and the coating 50-nm Iron Oxide nanospheres as model composites on the surface of poly (MMA-co-AA-co-DVB). Divinyl benzene was used as cross linker. The morphology and the magnetic properties of the magnetic composite nanoparticles were characterized by Laser particle size analyzer, Transmission Electron Microscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, Vibrating sample magnetometer and Thermo Gravimetric Analysis. Poly (MMA-co-AA-co-DVB) Fe3O4 nanoparticles were prepared in the size range 200 nm. The preparation of the most widely used magnetic iron oxides in appropriate form, their coating in polymer nanoparticles,
Eco-friendly and Smart Polymer Systems, 2020
Mono disperse magnetic nanocomposite particles with high saturation magnetization have wide applications in biomedical fields. In this article, we have studied the structure of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles with polymethyl methacrylate shell. First of all Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles were synthesized by coprecipitation method and then they were modified by oleic acid in order to put the poly methyl methacrylate layer via mini emulsion method. The surface properties of OA modified magnetite nanoparticles have great effects on preparation of composite particles. The monolayer OA modified Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles are more hydrophobic than the multilayer coated ones and by multilayer OA coated Fe 3 O 4 , there was a large amount of free poly methyl methacrylates in the solution of product. After coating, the monolayer nanocomposite particles formed monodisperse nanoparticles as it was demonstrated by DLS tests. The PMMA/Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles have spherical core shell structure with a proper size distribution. The VSM tests have showed that the Fe 3 O 4 /PMMA nanoparticles have high magnetic power. High saturation magnetization demonstrates the super paramagnetic property.
Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) was grafted onto Fe 3 O 4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) by using a thiol-lactam initiated radical polymerization (TLIRP) via grafting from approach. The surface of the MNPs was treated with the (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane coupling agent to give thiol functionalized MNPs (MNPs-SH). Subsequently, the polymerization of MMA performed in the presence of the MNPs-SH and butyrolactam efficiently afforded PMMA-g-MNPs. The grafting of PMMA on the surface of the MNPs was investigated by FT-IR, 1 H NMR, TGA, XPS, and EDX analyses. The morphology of the core/shell type PMMA-g-MNPs was confirmed by HR-TEM. GPC analysis showed that the molecular weight of PMMA and monomer conversion increased with the reaction time. The amount of the grafted polymer on the surface of the MNPs was found to be ca. 82.5% as estimated from TGA analysis. The MNPs and PMMA-g-MNPs were subjected to magnetic property investigation by SQUID, and the PMMA-g-MNPs showed relatively high saturated magnetization (53.3 emu/g) without any remanence or coercivity, which made the nanocomposites easily separable from solid-liquid phases suggesting their superparamagnetic character. The magnetic nanocomposites had an exceptionally good dispersibility in organic solvents as demonstrated by UV-Vis spectroscopy as well as time-dependent digital photographic monitoring.
Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology, 2018
Nanocomposites with a high, uniform loading of magnetic nanoparticles are very desirable for applications such as electromagnetic shielding and cancer treatment based on magnetically induced hyperthermia. In this study, a simple and scalable route for preparing nanocomposites with a high, uniform loading of magnetic nanoparticles is presented. The magnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles were functionalized with a methacrylate-based monomer that copolymerized in a toluene solution with the methyl methacrylate (MMA) monomer. The resulting suspension of magnetic nanoparticles decorated with poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) chains in toluene were colloidal, even in the presence of a magnetic field gradient. Nanocomposites were precipitated from these suspensions. The transmission electron microscopy investigation of the prepared nanocomposites revealed that the magnetic nanoparticles were homogeneously dispersed in the PMMA matrix, even in amounts up to 53 wt %. The uniform dispersion of the ...
In the present study, the influence of the organic stabilizers on the formation of magnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles was investigated. Polyethylene glycol (PEG), dextran (DEX), and chitosan was chosen as biocompatible surface modification agents for obtained magnetic nanoparticles. The structure of the coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles was learned by the X-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopic methods. It was explored that the PEG coated magnetic nanoparticles have relatively larger crystallite sizes, which indicate a more ordered crystal structure of these nanoparticles. Furthermore, FT-IR analysis showed that the Fe3O4-PEG system possesses a stronger nanoparticle-stabilizer interaction at the supramolecular level. This study emphasizes the significance of optimizing the surface properties of magnetic nanoparticles when using them in biomedical applications.
Synthesis and characterization of polymer nanocomposites containing magnetic nanoparticles
Journal of Applied Physics, 2010
This work involved the preparation of nanoparticles for Fe 3 O 4 oxides with NiCl 2 and V 2 O 5 SO 4 by using ferric chloride as a mineral salt. X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), field emission scanning electronic microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry analysis and differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) analysis were performed. The efficiencies of NiO and V 2 O 5 were measured for gas sensitivity and light detection, which were high in both analyses. AFM tests showed that different nanoparticles formed similar acrylate polymers to NiO and V 2 O 5 with the diameters ranging from 72.12 to 88.12 nm. The XRD measurements showed the hexagonal shape of NiO, while the axon axes were observed for V 2 O 5 in SEM measurements. The image measurements showed different forms of polymer compositions. Moreover, the thermodynamic analysis indicated a thermal dissolution for both polymers and oxides prepared at extremely high temperatures. Finally, DSC tests identified the effect of polymer filled with oxide and its comparison with pure polymer.
Polymer/Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Composites—A Straight Forward and Scalable Synthesis Approach
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2015
Magnetic nanoparticle systems can be divided into single-core nanoparticles (with only one magnetic core per particle) and magnetic multi-core nanoparticles (with several magnetic cores per particle). Here, we report multi-core nanoparticle synthesis based on a controlled precipitation process within a well-defined oil in water emulsion to trap the superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) in a range of polymer matrices of choice, such as poly(styrene), poly(lactid acid), poly(methyl methacrylate), and poly(caprolactone). Multi-core particles were obtained within the Z-average size range of 130 to 340 nm. With the aim to combine the fast room temperature magnetic relaxation of small individual cores with high magnetization of the ensemble of SPIONs, we used small (<10 nm) core nanoparticles. The performed synthesis is highly flexible with respect to the OPEN ACCESS choice of polymer and SPION loading and gives rise to multi-core particles with interesting magnetic properties and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast efficacy.