Statues of Road Safety in the Developing Countries : Case study of Middle East Countries (original) (raw)
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Strategy to improve road safety in developing countries
Saudi medical journal, 2003
To review the road safety situation in developed and developing countries compared with the Arabian Gulf countries and suggest a strategy to improve it. The role of road engineers in reducing accidents is highlighted. This is a retrospective study of road traffic accidents (RTAS) for a period from 1988 to 1998 in Arabian Gulf Countries. The data was taken from the Directorate of Traffic and Ministry of Health records in Gulf Countries. Additional data was obtained from other sources including the World Health Organizations Statistics Annuals, International Road Federation, Transport Road Research Laboratory and accident facts publications. Overall fatality and injury rates of RTAs were calculated. The lack of reliable data is a serious problem in most of the developing countries. It is quite reasonable to assume that the incidence of accidents is much larger than actually reported. A comparison of vehicle ownership levels and safety parameters in both developed and developing countr...
Traffic safety in developed and developing countries A comparative analysis.pdf
It is now well recognized that road safety is a worldwide public health problem and there is a high public awareness about road traffic injuries, their grave consequences and enormous costs to society. Road safety developments are correlated with socioeconomic factors such as level of motorization and economic growth which differs significantly between developed and developing countries. This paper discusses and compares the magnitude, trends and causes of traffic accidents, accident costs and cost estimation methods, strategies and countermeasures in both developing and developed countries. Traffic safety data for the period 2003-2013 from selected developing countries are analyzed and compared with European countries (EU). The fatality rates per population for the developing countries were found to be substantially higher than those in EU countries. EU strive to make their fatality rates dropping towards their zero vision while those for developing countries may continue to be high unless effective measures are implemented to reduce the magnitude and severity of their accidents. Accident costs were found to be a real economic burden in developing countries estimated at more than 2% of their Gross Domestic Product (GDP) much higher compared to developed countries. The results suggest that road safety is more appreciated in developed countries. Although developed countries have a good experience in applying road safety programs, it is more difficult to apply the same safety programs in developing countries. This research also highlights the countries' experiences in road safety improvements.
Traffic Safety in Developed and Developing Countries: A Comparative Analysis
Journal of Traffic and Logistics Engineering
It is now well recognized that road safety is a worldwide public health problem and there is a high public awareness about road traffic injuries, their grave consequences and enormous costs to society. Road safety developments are correlated with socioeconomic factors such as level of motorization and economic growth which differs significantly between developed and developing countries. This paper discusses and compares the magnitude, trends and causes of traffic accidents, accident costs and cost estimation methods, strategies and countermeasures in both developing and developed countries. Traffic safety data for the period 2003-2013 from selected developing countries are analyzed and compared with European countries (EU). The fatality rates per population for the developing countries were found to be substantially higher than those in EU countries. EU strive to make their fatality rates dropping towards their zero vision while those for developing countries may continue to be high unless effective measures are implemented to reduce the magnitude and severity of their accidents. Accident costs were found to be a real economic burden in developing countries estimated at more than 2% of their Gross Domestic Product (GDP) much higher compared to developed countries. The results suggest that road safety is more appreciated in developed countries. Although developed countries have a good experience in applying road safety programs, it is more difficult to apply the same safety programs in developing countries. This research also highlights the countries' experiences in road safety improvements. Index Terms-Road fatalities, accidents cost, safety programs, developing countries
Road safety policies, strategies and action plans, along with trends in road traffic injuries (RTIs) in the oil-rich Gulf Cooperative Council (GCC) countries were examined to appraise their road safety work with an overall objective of identifying key measures and initiatives that would reduce RTA and their resulting consequences in these countries. Data on RTIs was obtained from police and from vital statistics and was analyzed. Research papers, policy documents, and strategies, obtained from relevant stakeholders in the six GCC countries, were reviewed and discussed. Traffic Safety Programs and action plans, which were the most fundamental documents in the development of the GCC countries' road safety policies and strategies, were reviewed. Policy documents on road safety and traffic related issues were searched on the websites of related authorities. Published research on road safety in GCC countries was searched using available databases. Analysis of accident data shows that the fatality rates in all the GCC countries are much higher than developed countries with good safety records. The six administrations started the fundamental traffic safety programs to combat the increase in RTIs, with some succeeding in reducing RTI rates by implementing vast road safety improvements. However, RTIs increased again mainly because of increasing traffic volume and high-risk driving behavior. Developing and implementing national road safety strategies in some GCC countries was successful in reducing the RTI rates. The road safety situation in the six GCC countries was assessed showing high crash and fatality rates compared to developed countries. Most GCC countries still suffer from sustainable increase in traffic crashes despite the efforts to reduce their magnitude and severity. Some of these countries have developed and implemented national road safety strategies, while countries like Oman still need to develop such a long-term strategy. Following the review of the current progress in road safety initiatives developed or implemented, it is apparent that there is still considerable room for improvement. In view of the fact that the oil-rich GCC countries have similar economic, social, and political background, a number of specific areas of action common to all countries were identified to achieve a safer road environment in the studied countries.
Formulation of road safety strategy for developing countries with special reference to Jordan
In the last two decades, many developed and developing countries have commissioned or considered conducting studies, which are designed to develop a future road safety strategy, and provide a framework for facilitating action. This paper reviews the main studies, then sets the steps and components to formulate a road safety strategy for developing countries by considering various approaches and implementation scenarios for being included in one comprehensive strategy. In Jordan, classified as a middle-income developing country, the current traffic safety conditions are already extremely serious and is expected to worsen in the future unless necessary effective remedial measures are taken and implemented. The paper provides an insight into the road safety issue in Jordan, identifies the need to combat the problem then presents a recommended comprehensive road safety strategy to counteract it. The strategy incorporates two phases: the first is regarded as a short-term remedy which, using a predesigned questionnaire, identifies the most effective and acceptable countermeasures (CMs) as perceived by road users. The second phase involves the formulation of a comprehensive strategy for long-term remedy. A long term national road safety strategy based on internationally recognized approaches was developed and its various components are presented. The final output of this study provides all parties involved in traffic safety with a best practice guide and a comprehensive road safety strategy to assist them in their initial strategic choice of cost-effective investments that aim to improve road safety.
Road Safety Status in Top 20 Economies of the World
Almost 3400 person dies every day in the world. Fatalities due to road accidents will be in the third place among top ten causes of deaths in the world by 2020. Major road development program has been introduced in the past to make transport faster but the road safety issues are not tackled satisfactorily by the nations. This article is based on the global status report on road safety 2015 by W.H.O. Road safety scenario is compared of the top 20 economies of the world on the basis of different parameters such as fatalities among different road users, vehicle standards, road safety funding, implementation of road safety laws, and fatalities by alcohol. It is found that middle-income economies have 82% contribution to fatalities. High-income economies have a number of fatalities by Drink and Drive and are more dangerous for 4-wheeler road users. Middle-income economies are more dangerous for 2-wheelers and pedestrians.
A New Strategy to Enhance Traffic Safety in Developing Countries
2015
The rapid expansion of motor vehicle use in developing countries resulted in a sharp rise in road traffic related deaths and injuries. The UN General Assembly recognized road deaths and injuries as a global epidemic since 2003. More than 90% of the 1.2 million people who die each year in traffic related crashes are from the developing countries in which more than 51% are vulnerable road users. The Kurdistan region in Iraq has been chosen for this study where the number of registered vehicles has increased exponentially in the last decade, and the official number of fatalities in 2013 was 1,114. This number, however, is highly under-reported; the actual figure of fatalities is estimated to be 100% more than the reported number according to World Health Organization. Pedestrians in the region are not separated from vehicles even on high speed roads, in front of schools, bus stops, parks and commercial areas. In addition, driving education and risk assessment is poor among drivers. A p...
Assessment of Road Safety Performance for Southeast Asian Countries
Journal of the Society of Automotive Engineers Malaysia
The aim of this research is to assess the road safety performance in Southeast Asian countries to measure to what extent the new vision "safe system" is considered in the national road safety strategies. For this, a road safety index RSAI(ESA) is developed to use as a tool of assessment. The theoretical framework is based on the main pillars of safe system principles: safer roads and mobility, safer vehicles, and safer road users. A set of indicators are selected based on specific criteria. Each indicator is weighted, normalised, then aggregated using a simple linear additive aggregation method to construct the RSAI(ESA). This index is used to assess the performance of road safety in Southeast Asian countries, and then to rank the countries accordingly. The results show that the countries which have high rate of road crashes have started to take action to solve road safety problems, while some countries need to take further steps to apply the recommendations of the DARS 20...
Transportation Research Procedia, 2020
The rapid growth of automobile ownership and use in developing countries resulted in an exponential growth in road traffic related fatalities and injuries. It is estimated that 1.25 million road traffic deaths occur in the world every year (WHO, 2015), most of them in developing countries in which more than 51% are vulnerable road users. The complexity and unexpected nature of the traffic accidents put the decision makers confronted with the quandary of forming a particular combination of measures to reduce traffic accidents. Despite this problem, few empirical studies have so far been undertaken to analyze the selection of the traffic safety strategies and to identify key selection measures. This study is designed to fill these research gaps. Two methods: the Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method are proposed to achieve these objectives. The first method aims to collect general views from road users to identify the traffic problems, while AHP method was conducted to prioritize and assign the important weightings for the selected measures.
Road safety lessons to learn from Low and Middle-Income Countries
Journal of Road Safety, 2020
This paper presents aspects of policy and practice observed in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) and the lessons which can be learned from these and similar initiatives. The role of non-government organisations in capacity building programs and advocacy is identified as a strong foundation for road safety reform. Political will is discussed as a critical component of reform together with the need for a holistic approach to ensure sustainability. The requirement for a strong evidence-base to support evaluation is discussed and the need to ensure strong governance over law enforcement is profiled. Good practice programs are described as well as the importance of harnessing the enthusiasm and dedication of youth in developing and championing initiatives for safer community outcomes. While the lack of resources and financial support may appear as an impediment to some, if viewed as a surmountable challenge, safety outcomes can be achieved. The findings demonstrate that there is a ...