Role of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient and its Comparison with Conventional MRI in Evaluation of Acute Encephalitis (original) (raw)
2019, International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR]
Introduction: Encephalitis is defined as inflammation of the brain parenchyma. Study was done to determine the role of DWI/ADC in the early diagnosis of acute viral encephalitis. Material and methods: 26 patients with clinical and laboratory (CSF, blood culture) evidence of encephalitis were prospectively evaluated with MRI, DWI/ADC and SWI with patients divided into three groups on the basis of duration between the onset of clinical symptoms and timing of MRI brain. Results: Of the total 26 patients imaged with age range of 3-70 years (mean age 45 years), 20 were males and 6 were females with a male to female ratio of 3.3:1. Group 1 comprised 8 patients, group 2 and group 3 comprised 9 patients each. Pvalues were significant (p<0.05) between mean ADC values and their respective groups. We also found statistically significant difference between group 2 and group 3 (p=0.041) with no statistically significant difference between groups 1 and 2; and groups 1 and 3. Conclusion: MRI plays vital role in patients of acute encephalitis in not only excluding intracranial space occupying lesions but also in early diagnosis and specific treatment, thus reducing disease related morbidity and mortality. DWI/ADC is now an essential sequence in the colossal armamentarium of MRI sequences which not only helps in early diagnosis of acute viral encephalitis but also has prognostic implications.
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