Analysis of 100 cervical pap smears for screening of cervical cancer at a tertiary care teaching hospital (original) (raw)
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Study of cervical cytology in Papanicolaou (Pap) smears in a tertiary care hospital
2016
Background: Cancer of the cervix is the third most common cancer in women. The mainstay of cervical cancer screening has been the Papanicolaou test. Aim: To study the frequency of premalignant and malignant lesions of cervix and to study the clinicopathological aspects of cervical lesions. Materials and Methods: This is a hospital based study of conventional cervical smears received between January 2014 to December 2015. For evaluating the Pap smears, the Bethesda system (2014) for reporting cervical cytology was used. Results: In the present study, 1418 cases were analysed during the mentioned period. Age of women ranged from 16 to 92 years. Commonest complaint was irregular bleeding per vagina and leucorrhea. 1164 smears (82.08%) belonged to NILM category, 132 smears (9.3%) were unsatisfactory for evaluation. ASCUS accounted for 4.87%, ASC-H 0.56%, LSIL 1.62%, HSIL 0.64%, AGC 0.64% and SCC 0.28% of cases. Conclusion: It was found that premalignant and malignant lesions of cervix is not common in our set up.
Journal of Clinical and Basic Research (JCBR), 2023
Background: Cervical cancer is the most frequent cause of death for women in developing countries. India, the second-most populous nation in the world, accounts for about 25% of cervical cancer deaths. Even in its premalignant stage, cervical cancer can be detected using a Papanicolaou (Pap) smear test. The goal was to study the role of Pap smear in detecting premalignant, malignant, and non-neoplastic lesions of the cervix and to ascertain the frequency of different lesions. Methods: All women who visited the obstetrics and gynecology outpatient department (OPD) at GMERS Medical College and Hospital, Navsari, India, in 1 year for different clinical problems were recruited. A total of 322 women who were sexually active and over 21 years of age were enrolled in the study. A Pap smear was used for all the women to screen for cervical cancer. The smear was obtained using an Ayre spatula and spread over a marked glass slide, which was placed in 95% ethyl alcohol and sent to the Department of Pathology for cytopathological examination. Women who had visible malignant cervical lesions were excluded. All the data were recorded in a predetermined form. Results: A total of 322 patients were screened. Out of 322, 261 smears were NILM (negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy) and 126 (39.1 %) smears had inflammatory changes; 2.2 % and 1.2% smears showed changes as ASCUS (atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance) and ASC-H (atypical squamous cells cannot exclude high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions), respectively; 4.7 % and 5.3% smears showed LSIL (low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion) and HSIL (high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion). Squamous cell carcinoma was observed in only 2 (0.6%) of the smears. A total of 16 (4.9%) smears were unsatisfactory for evaluation because they lacked sufficient squamous components or were obscured by inflammation. Conclusion: The Pap smear test is a very easy, non-invasive, useful, simple, safe, and economical tool to detect preinvasive cervical epithelial lesions. It is evident and proven that every woman above the age of 30–35 years must be subjected to cervical screening, and this must be continued even in the postmenopausal period.
Cancer of the cervix is the most common cancer in women and is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries like India. Cancer of cervix is readily preventable and can be diagnosed at the pre-invasive stage with adequate and repetitive cytological screening with Papanicolaou (Pap) smears. OBJECTIVES This is a retrospective study aimed to evaluate all cervical smears examined at a teaching tertiary hospital during a 6-month period. METHODS Detailed clinical data and Pap smear cytology reports were obtained. All the Pap smears were reported as per the 2001 Bethesda system. RESULTS A total of 468 Pap smears were examined. Maximum number of patients was in the age group of fourth decade. There were 29 unsatisfactory or inadequate samples (6.1 %). A total of 391 smears were reported as Negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy (NILM), of which 51 (13.04 %) showed normal cytological findings and 294 (75.19 %) were inflammatory. Out of a total 439 Pap smears...
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, 2021
Background: Cancer cervix is fourth most common cancer in the world and second most common in India. In India, cervical cancer is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity amongst women. Methodology: This prospective study was conducted among 200 women undergoing Pap Smear Test at gynecology OPD between January-June 2020. Pap smear test was classified as per Bethesda system. Result: Abnormal pap smear report was seen among 25.5% women. Higher proportion of abnormal pap report was seen among women aged 21-30 years (41.17%), with a duration of married life between 10-20 years 33.3%. The common abnormal pap smear report finding were inflammatory changes and vaginosis. Epithelial cell abnormalities were found among 18 (9%) women. Conclusion: Pap smear test is a simple, affordable, effective, and practical screening test for early detection of cervical cancer, and it decreases morbidities and mortalities due to cervical cancer.
Objective: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women worldwide after breast cancer, and in developing countries, the leading cause of death by cancer. It is one of the most preventable and curable of all cancers. Most women are never undergoi ng a cervical Pap smear screening. The Objective is to study the role of Pap smear in detecting premalignant and malignant lesions as well as nonneoplastic lesions of cervix and to determine the prevalence of various lesions. Methods: This retrospective study of 500 women with age group 18 to 90 years was carried out over a 2 years at cytology section of pathology department, M.P.Shah medical college, Jamnagar. This study had been divided into 2 groups. Group I included study o f 400 women who attended gynaecological clinic at GGH hospital Jamnagar and Group II included study of 100 women who attended Pap smear screening camp at Air force hospital, Jamnagar. Pap smears were prepared and after fixation and staining, each smear was carefully examined. Results: In this study, Low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions was the most common with 62 cases (12.4%) followed by High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions with 25 cases (5%), then atypical squamous epithelial cells of undetermined significance 14 cases (2.8%), Squamous cell carcinoma 12 cases (2.4%), AGCUS 6 cases (1.2%), AGCUS probably neoplastic origin 1 case (0.2%) and other rare tumors-1(0.2%) case of granulosa cell tumor and 1 case(0.2%) of clear cell carcinoma were seen. The average age of women for all the epithelial abnormalities was 49 years. Conclusion: Pap smear is a simple, cheap, safe and practical diagnostic tool for early detection of cervical cancer in high risk group population, so it should be established as a routine screening procedure. It also has a greater role in diagnosis of inflammatory lesions including the identification of causative organism, atrophic changes, changes of radiation therapy and some rare tumors. It i s recommended that at least a single life-time pap screening cytology of uterine cervix of all the women aged 40 to 50 years.
Cervical Pap Smears Study in a Teritary Hospital
IOSR Journals , 2019
The study was conducted to explore various lesions of uterine cervix in a tertiary care hospital.Cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among women living in developing countries. According to national cancer registry program of india, cancers of uterine cancer and breast are leading malignancies seen in Indian women. It has been shown worldwide that screening for precursors of cervical cancer by means of pap smears substancially reduces the incidence of invasive cancer.The present study was conducted on female patients ,with the age range of 20 to 89 years, having complaints like vaginal discharge, bleeding per vagina or something coming out per vagina. Smears were taken by gynecologist using modified ayers wooden spatula which was inserted and rotated 360 0 over cervix. Both ectocervix and endocervix were sampled slides were prepared, labelled, and fixed in 95% ethyl alcohol immedeatly and subsequently stained by pap stain, 200 smears were studied and reported by two cytopathologists according to The 2014 Bethesda System. A total of 180 samples were adequate for evaluation whereas 20 samples were inadequate for evaluation ,168 smears were categorized as negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy (NILM) and Epithelial cell abnormality in 12 smears.
Cervical pap smear study and its utility in cervical cancer detection and prevention
Indian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Research
The objective of present study to find out women for precancerous lesions with the help of pap smear test as early identification marker. Determine the percentage of cervical cancer in relationship with demographic, education and occupation. To find out pap smear effectiveness in various infections. To find out correlation pap smear findings with symptoms.This is a cross-sectional study involving the screening of women from the rural population of Siddipet district for the assessment of health status using pap smear test who have attended the outpatient department of Obstetrics and Gynecology conducted during the period of August 2019 to May 2021. The present study included 1500 Pap smears, of which the most common abnormality was inflammatory smear, which is followed by atrophic smear. Among all the study respondent’s majority (64.5%) of the women were home makers and not working, remaining participants were either self employed or working women. Percentage of abnormal smear report...
2019
Cancer cervix is the commonest malignancy in developing countries and is second most common cancer in women worldwide. The best way to detect cervical cancer is by regular Papanicolaou smear (Pap).This study was carried out in 380 cases in the department of pathology in collaboration with department of obstetric and gynaecology. All the cases above 18 years of age were included in the study. Pregnant women, Menstruating women, Women with obvious invasive cancer at the time of clinical examination were excluded from the study .Detailed clinical history and pelvic examination of the patients was done. Cervical scrape smears were taken and stained by Papanicolaou stain.The smears were classified according to Bethesda system, 2014.Out of 380 cases, 52 cases were found to be unsatisfactory. 328 cases were found to be satisfactory which were further evaluated. Age group varied from 18 to 70 years, with maximum number in the age group 30-39 years.Maximum smears were inflammatory, of which ...
Study of abnormal cervical cytology in papanicolaou smears in a tertiary care center
International Journal of Advances in Medicine, 2016
Background: Cancer cervix is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in developing countries like India most probably due to lack of proper screening facilities in the rural and suburban areas or due to the lack of awareness amongst the women of developing countries. Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in the world. Developing countries accounted to about 80% of the global burden. This study was conducted to highlight the importance of Pap smear study in differentiating premalignant and malignant lesions. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted among 1000 cervical pap smears of women with age group 20 to 75 years coming to the cytology section of pathology department, L.N. Medical College and Research centre, Bhopal, India between the time periods of 1 st January 2015 to 31 st December 2015. All the smears were reported as per the 2014 Bethesda system. Results: In this study, maximum cases were of negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy 754 cases (75.4%) followed by low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion with 74 cases (7.4%) (followed by high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion with 12 cases (1.2%) then atypical glandular cells of undetermined significance 12 cases (1.2%) and minimum number of carcinoma cases 08 (0.8%-including 0.6% of squamous cell carcinoma and 0.2% of adenocarcinoma). Conclusions: Cervical cytology by Pap smear is an important tool for early detection of premalignant and malignant lesions of cervix. Regular Pap smear screening should be conducted in vulnerable age group.