Bio-Treatment Technologies of Produced Water: A Review (original) (raw)
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Biological Treatment of Petroleum Wastewater: A Review on Research and Studies
International Journal of Petroleum and Petrochemical Engineering, 2016
The wastewater from petroleum industries contains high organic matter content, oil and grease, dissolved solids and turbidity. The petroleum wastewater normally treated in a plant comprising of primary, secondary and tertiary treatments. The high organic loading needs to be treated in biological treatment step. Biological treatment can be suspended growth or attached growth type. Activated sludge process is one of the major treatment methods used. The anaerobic treatments have advantages such as reduction in sludge content, reduction in diffuser and aeration cost and generation of gas with high hydrocarbon. Many investigators have investigated biological treatments for treatment of petroleum refinery wastewater. Current review summarizes research and studies on biological treatment of petroleum wastewater.
Review of Technologies for Oil and Gas Produced Water Treatment
Journal of Hazardous …, 2009
Produced water is the largest waste stream generated in oil and gas industries. It is a mixture of different organic and inorganic compounds. Due to the increasing volume of waste all over the world in the current decade, the outcome and effect of discharging produced water on the environment has lately become a significant issue of environmental concern. Produced water is conventionally treated through different physical, chemical, and biological methods. In offshore platforms because of space constraints, compact physical and chemical systems are used. However, current technologies cannot remove small-suspended oil particles and dissolved elements. Besides, many chemical treatments, whose initial and/or running cost are high and produce hazardous sludge. In onshore facilities, biological pretreatment of oily wastewater can be a cost-effective and environmental friendly method. As high salt concentration and variations of influent characteristics have direct influence on the turbidity of the effluent, it is appropriate to incorporate a physical treatment, e.g., membrane to refine the final effluent. For these reasons, major research efforts in the future could focus on the optimization of current technologies and use of combined physico-chemical and/or biological treatment of produced water in order to comply with reuse and discharge limits. link: doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.05.044
Treatment of oilfield-produced water using biological and membrane processes
2010
Oil and gas fields’ wastewater or “produced water” is the largest waste stream generated in the extraction and process of crude oil and natural gas. It is characterized by high concentration of total dissolved solids (TDS) and dissolved and dispersed hydrocarbon compounds. Due to the increasing volume of waste all over the world in the current decade, the outcome and effect of discharging produced water on the environment has lately become a significant issue of environmental concern and the interest in reusing produced water is increasing in water-stressed regions. In order to treat and reuse produced water, removing of organic and inorganic constituents may be necessary. The main goal of this research was to investigate the feasibility of using a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) and a membrane sequencing batch reactor (MSBR) to remove the organic matters present in produced water. In order to meet this objective, halophilic hydrocarbon degrading microorganisms were used as seed cult...
Biological Treatment Of petroleum Waste Water
IRJET, 2022
The waste water from petroleum industries contains high organic matter content , oil and grease , dissolved solids and turbidity. The petroleum waste water normally treated in a plant comprising of primary ,secondary and tertiary treatment. The high organic loading needs to be treated in biological treatment step. Biological treatment can be suspended growth or attached growth type. The anaerobic treatment have advantages such as reduction in sludge content , many investigators have investigated biological treatment of petroleum refinery waste water.
Treatment of Oily Wastewater with Membrane Bioreactor Systems
Water
The aim of the present work was to investigate the behavior of a membrane bioreactor (MBR) system for the treatment of oily wastewater. A bench scale MBR was fed with synthetic wastewater containing diesel fuel. Organic carbon, hydrocarbon and ammonium removal, kinetic constants, extracellular polymeric substances production, and membrane fouling rates were monitored. The MBR plant was operated for more than 200 days, and the results highlighted good carbon removal and nitrification, suggesting a sort of biomass adaptation to hydrocarbons. Membrane fouling analysis showed an increase in total resistance, likely due to hydrocarbons, which caused an irreversible fouling (pore blocking) mainly due to oil deposition.
Investigation of Petroleum Refinery Effluent Treatment in an Aerobic Fixed-film Biological System
Water and Environment Journal, 1987
The feasibility of treating a synthetic toxic waste and a petroleum refinery effluent was evaluated using a four-stage, fixed-film aerated bioreactor with a 50 I capacity and a surface area-to-volume ratio of 72. The process performance at various waste strengths and influent flow rates was found satisfactory.Organic loading proved to be a better operational or design parameter. Treatment efficiency decreased as the loading was increased. An organic loading of 42 g COD/m2d or less is recommended to ensure good quality effluent. The reactor coped with organic and hydraulic overloads because of the good oxygen transfer capacity and the considerable quantity of attached biomass attained. Staging of the reactor was effective in damping excessive loadings.Treatment of the refinery waste in the bioreactor removed up to 80 per cent of the COD and reduced the oil, sulphide and amm.N concentrations substantially, but polishing of reactor effluent using alum treatment improved effluent quality for potential reuse.
Refinery wastewater biological treatment: A short review
This review presents biological treatment methods for petroleum refinery wastewater, their applications, advantages and disadvantages. It covers refinery wastewater characteristics, different categories of biological treatment systems (suspended, attached and hybrid growths) and comparison between each system with conventional activated sludge process.
An optimized biological approach for treatment of petroleum refinery wastewater
Excessive sludge production is cost prohibitive and a major concern in biological treatment of petroleum refinery wastewater. Thus, it is essential to identify operational conditions for treatment systems that result in low sludge production of the system, while maintaining its high removal performance. This study assesses the feasibility of using contact stabilization process for secondary treatment of refinery wastewater through a step by step analysis. The mixed liquor dissolved oxygen (DO) and the rate of activated return sludge (RS) were selected as operational parameters governing the optimum performance of the system. A total number of 32 individual experiments were conducted on a pilot plant under four different aeration phases (DO) and eight RS percentages. The analyses investigated the biokinetic coefficients, observed removal efficiencies, and the amount of produced sludge to identify suitable operational conditions. The results indicated that the system had an optimum performance under applied aeration of 3.7 mg oxygen per liter of mixed liquor and 46% return sludge. This operational combination resulted in COD removal efficiency of 78% with daily biomass production of 1.42 kg/day.
Environ Sci Pollut Res , 2016
Heavy oil-produced water (HOPW) is a by-product during heavy oil exploitation and can cause serious environmental pollution if discharged without adequate treatment. Commercial biochemical treatment units are important parts of HOPW treatment processes, but many are not in stable operation because of the toxic and refractory substances, salt, present. Therefore, pilot-scale experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of hydrolytic acidification-biological filter with airlift aeration (HA-BFAA), a novel HOPW treatment system. Four strains isolated from oily sludge were used for bioaugmentation to enhance the biodeg-radation of organic pollutants. The isolated bacteria were evaluated using 3-day biochemical oxygen demand, oil, dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid, and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removals as evaluation indices. Bioaugmentation enhanced the COD removal by 43.5 mg/L under a volume load of 0.249 kg COD/m 3 day and hydraulic retention time of 33.6 h. The effluent COD was 70.9 mg/L and the corresponding COD removal was 75.0 %. The optimum volumetric air-to-water ratio was below 10. The removal ratios of the total extractable organic pollutants, alkanes, and poly-aromatic hydrocarbons were 71.1, 94.4, and 94.0 %, respectively. Results demonstrated that HA-BFAA was an excellent HOPW treatment system.