Raman Gain Optimization in Multi-band Optical Transmission (original) (raw)
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An effective numerical method for gain profile optimizations of multi pumped fiber Raman amplifiers
Optik - International Journal for Light and Electron Optics, 2014
In this paper, we have solved propagation equations of multi-pump fiber Raman amplifier using Runge-Kutta (RK 4th order) numerical method and pump power evolutions along with the fiber length. They are used to calculate the net gain and gain ripple by varying the input signals powers for different fiber lengths. The pump powers are optimized by genetic algorithm and resulting net gain and gain ripple are reported graphically as well as in tabular form. The optimum minimum gain ripple is 0.26 dB for 1 mW input signal powers for 50 km fiber length. By increasing the fiber length gain ripple increases to 0.5 dB for 0.1 mW input signal power. In comparison to other methods reported in the literature, our method is simple to implement and efficient for numerical design of Raman amplification in optical communication systems.
Performance Optimization of the Multi-Pumped Raman Optical Amplifier using MOICA
International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, 2016
In order to achieve the best gain profile for multi pump distributed Raman amplifiers in Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) transmission systems, the power and wavelength of pumps, the type of pumping configuration and the number of pump signals are the most important factors. In this paper, using a Multi-Objective Imperialist Competition Optimization Algorithm (MOICA) with lowest power consumption and lowest number of pumps, we propose the most uniform gain profile for two types of pumping configurations in S-band and compare the results. Considering the design conditions including the type of pumping configuration, fiber length, fiber type and number of pump signals and using the multi-objective algorithm, we propose a method which can be used to achieve a gain level in which the amplifier has the lowest power consumption and lowest gain ripple. According to this, we can design a powerful WDM transmission system by Distributed Raman Amplifier (DRA) with a good performance and efficiency.
Enhanced gain Raman amplifiers using different pumping schemes
Optical and Quantum Electronics
Raman amplifiers (RAs) can be represented as one of the best solutions for transmission techniques, where they can compensate attenuation and transmit the optical signal to long-haul distances. This work proposes and investigates two cascaded models (multi-stages of RAs) for enhancing the received power and the overall gain. This study includes three fiber types: Dispersion Shifted Fiber, Truewave and Freelight fibers at 100 km distance and pumping powers of 500, 600 and 700 mW. The obtained results reveal that the best results gain is 46.46 dB and the power of output signal is 42.47 dBm achieved at 700 mW pump power with Truewave fiber. The models are compared with previously published work, where the gain and the output signal power are enhanced to more than 66.58–85.84%.
The Parameters affecting on Raman Gain and Bandwidth for Distributed Multi-Raman Amplifier
Due to the benefits of Raman amplifier for Long-Haul UW-WDM Optical Communications Systems, we interest in this paper to investigate the parameters affecting on Raman gain and bandwidth, and also we are analyzed four and eight Raman pumping of special pump power and pumping wavelengths to show the effect of thisparameters on gain and bandwidth. The model equations are numerically handled and processed via specially cast software (Matlab). The gain is computed over the spectral optical wavelengths (1.45µm ≤ λsignal ≤1.65µm).
New Challenges in Raman Amplification for Fiber Communication Systems
2008
Raman fiber amplifiers (RFA) are among the most promising technologies in lightwave systems. In recent years, Raman optical fiber amplifiers have been widely investigated for their advantageous characteristics, namely the transmission fiber can be itself used as the gain media reducing the overall noise figure and creating a lossless transmission media. The introduction of RFA based on low cost technology will allow the consolidation of this amplification technique and their use in future optical networks. This paper reviews the challenges, achievements, and perspectives of Raman amplification in optical communication systems. In Raman amplified systems, the signal amplification is based on stimulated Raman scattering, thus the peak of the gain is shifted by approximately 13.2 THz with respect to the pump signal frequency. The possibility of combining many pumps centered on different wavelengths brings a flat gain in an ultra wide bandwidth.
Theoretical Optimum Designation of Distributed Raman Amplifiers in Different Media
Raman Amplifiers (RAs) are a group of amplifiers which have various applications in optical communications. Data transmission media utilized for RAs are optical fibers operating in nonlinear regime. We present the performances and characteristics of RAs by utilizing a set of coupled differential equations and numerical simulations. Two types of fibers with different gain characteristics, germanium-doped and silica fibers are used in our numerical simulations. So, the optimum initial values of the pump powers for a system with 10 pumps are recalculated and optimized again. We did our simulation to have a flat gain and low noise characteristics. Another aspect of the fiber media is their effective areas and we studied the effects of this parameter on the net gain of the RAs. Finally, the noise figure computations are discussed for our 10 pumps bidirectional amplifier which is optimized.
Gain Analysis of Fiber Raman Amplifier for single signal and multiple pump.
This paper analyses the Fiber Raman Amplifier for signal gain with the pump power with and without ASE for single signal and multiple pump power in MATLAB. Fiber Raman amplifier has been recognized as an enabling technology for optical fiber communication system with its low noise and broad gain bandwidth characteristics. The FRA has experienced increase attention for their flexible control of bandwidth and spectral position of optical gain. Raman amplifier exploits the optical fiber itself as amplification medium.
is not a process which can be easily achieved. university, Menouf. Postal Menouf city code: 32951, EGYPT. His scientific master science thesis has focused on polymer fibers in optical access communication systems. Moreover his scientific Ph. D. thesis has focused on recent applications in linear or nonlinear passive or active in optical networks. His interesting research mainly focuses on transmission capacity, a data rate product and long transmission distances of passive and active optical communication networks, wireless communication, radio over fiber communication systems, and optical network security and management. He has published many high scientific research papers in high quality and technical international journals in the field of advanced communication systems, optoelectronic devices, and passive optical access communication networks. His areas of interest and experience in optical communication systems, advanced optical communication networks, wireless optical access networks, analog communication systems, optical filters and Sensors, digital communication systems, optoelectronics devices, and advanced material science, network management systems, multimedia data base, network security, encryption and optical access computing systems. As well as he is editorial board member in high academic scientific International research Journals. Moreover he is a reviewer member in high impact scientific research international journals in the field of electronics, electrical communication systems, optoelectronics, information technology and advanced optical communication systems and networks. His
Survey on various perspectives of Raman Amplifiers
3C Tecnología_Glosas de innovación aplicadas a la pyme
Raman Amplifier (RA) is the fiber amplifier that follows Stimulated Raman Scattering (SRS) mechanism. For broadband amplification it is used, because of low noise and better gain. Raman amplification was investigated in multiple views. Many research works had focused in the views of pumping schemes, gain flattening, transmission system and noise analysis. In this paper, Raman amplification is studied in the views of varying Refractive Index profile of core, varying core gap radius, hybrid combination of RA with Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA). This paper also studies the investigations of this hybrid combination in Dispersion compensation at C and S bands, recycling of pump power and location of EDFA.
Simulation of Distributed Multi-Pump Raman Amplifiers in Different Transmission Media
2009
Three types of distributed Raman amplifiers; forward, backward and bidirectional pumping configurations are simulated and compared in this paper. Since the nonlinear effect of the fiber type is an important parameter in determining the simulation process, two types of fibers are used in our simulation; Z-fiber and dispersion shifted fiber (DSF). In each case the optimum parameters such as pump and signal powers, amplified spontaneous emission and noise figure are derived. We found that there is minimum total input power for backward case and there is minimum fluctuation in signal power along the fiber which leads to having the lowest ripple in signal to noise ratio. Indeed, DSFs have proper noise figure level and more uniform signal gain relative to the Zfibers. Generally speaking, the fiber parameters have strong effects on the operation of multi-pump distributed Raman amplifiers, because of their nonlinearities. Keywords—Raman amplifiers, Z-fibers, dispersion shifted fibers, numer...