Institutional Constraints to Innovation: Artisan Clusters in Rural India (original) (raw)

Organisational morphology of rural industries in liberalised India: A study of West Bengal

Centre For Development Studies Trivendrum Working Papers, 2005

Recent interest on rural industries derives from recognition of the limits of agriculture and organised manufacturing sector in employment generation especially during the post-liberalisation period in India. Historically, industrial development of the West and the East present contrasting pictures of rural industries. One, the linearity model founded on the historical experience of the West, holds that development implies a movement away from traditional subsistence production in rural areas to modern industrial production in urban centres. The other, the East Asian Experience has shown that the growth potential of rural industries is considerable given the under-utilisation of the physical labour and the entrepreneurial ability of rural people. A combination of putting out system and subcontracting system-along with modern factory and industrial cooperatives-has persisted in the rural manufacturing sector even in the era of economic liberalisation. We find differential capital endowments and socioeconomic constraints of rural artisans reflecting extensive division of labour, specialisation and fragmentation of the labour process. These do not satisfy the requirements of the linearity model founded in advanced capitalist countries.

Can Firm Clusters Foster Non-farm Jobs? Policy Issues for Rural India

Working Papers, 2006

The present paper argues that a comprehensive rural industrialisation/cluster development strategy has to be designed within a broader regional development perspective that does not fail to include employment generation as a, if not the, critical dimension.A mechanistic, replicative and ...

Institutionalization of grassroots innovation in India

India's economy has a large informal sector, which is generally associated with low labour productivity and poverty in the country. India became the first country to recognize the innovative ability of the informal sector and support it. Grassroots innovations scouted in various parts of India are now provided a complete cycle of support and integrated into the formal sector through networking cooperation with research institutions, businesses and governmental organizations at various levels. This article traces the genesis of the system of support for grassroots innovation in India through the institutionalization of the innovative activity of the informal sector. The specifics of this process can be taken into consideration by countries wishing to unleash the innovative potential of the informal sector.

Unearthing Potential: Challenges and Opportunities in Promoting Innovation in Rural India

This paper explores the landscape of innovation in rural India, highlighting the often-overlooked potential of these regions. Drawing from extensive literature reviews, it identifies key challenges such as inadequate infrastructure, limited access to education, financial constraints, and resistance to change. However, it also uncovers opportunities, including the ability of rural innovations to address local needs, the potential for community engagement, and the role of government initiatives. The paper proposes a multifaceted approach to promoting rural innovation, encompassing strategies such as establishing innovation hubs, promoting digital literacy, tailored education programs, public-private partnerships, incentivizing sustainable agriculture, mobilebased agricultural extension services, entrepreneurship development, women's entrepreneurship, value addition to local products, and fostering healthcare innovations. By addressing these challenges and capitalizing on opportunities, this paper advocates for a comprehensive and integrated approach to drive sustainable development and inclusive growth in rural India.

Rural Entrepreneurship: The Current Scenario in India

2019

Rural entrepreneurship engages the masses in manufacturing output, by providing employment opportunities, assists in industrialization of rural & backward areas, thereby, assures regional balanced development and reduces migration of youth to urban areas. It plays a pivotal role in distribution of income & wealth at grassroots level in the developing countries like India. The present work provides an integrated view of rural entrepreneurship in India based on the analysis of the findings of the NSS 73rd Round of NSSO, related to rural sector. It contemplates the status of rural entrepreneurship, schemes for the development of rural entrepreneurship, government efforts to revive traditional industries after demonetization and problems of rural entrepreneurship.

Craft Clusters and Work in Rural India: An Exploration

Rural Labour Mobility in Times of Structural Transformation, 2017

All rights are reserved. This publication may be used with proper citation and due acknowledgement to the author(s) and the Gujarat Institute of Development Research, Ahmedabad.

Rural Development in India Through Entrepreneurship

2019

Rural entrepreneurship can be defined as entrepreneurship emerging at village level which can take place in a variety of fields of endeavor such as business, industry, agriculture and act as a potent factor for economic development. There is a lot of scope for rural entrepreneurship in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in India which plays a vital role in providing employment and income for the poor and unemployed in rural areas. Considering more than 52 percent of the GDP and making available more than 75 percent of all labour force in India, the rural sector is best poised for a rapid expansion in the small and medium industry arena. People in rural areas suffer with unemployment, poor infrastructure facilities which may be solved with the development of the rural entrepreneurs. However, the rural entrepreneurs are suffering with various problems like fear of risk, lack of finance, lack of IT knowledge and technical skills, poor quality products, adverse social, cultural and ind...

Cottage Industry Clusters in India in improving rural livelihood: An Overview

Cottage industry has a long and traditional history in India. A number of crafts had been developing since then. In true sense, Indian villages were self sufficient where an amalgamation of versatile cottage industries were evident resulting availability of almost all products of domestic requirement in the particular village itself. The inception of British rule has done a lot of harm to the concept of cottage industry in rural India. Mahatma Gandhi presented khadi as a symbol of nationalism, equality and self-reliance. His emphasis at first was on khadi as providing relief to our poverty-stricken masses. But one finds a change in his emphasis from 1934, more especially from 1935, when he began on insisting on khadi for the villager's own use, rather than merely for sale to others i . Even after almost seven decades of independence the cottage industry in rural India is still to gather the required momentum. Ministry of Micro, Small & Medium enterprises has evolved during the last decade as a pivotal institution in the country to patron the entrepreneurs-both individuals and clusters to move ahead with their trade. The relatively new concept of cottage industry clusters formed by the Government's patronage is pouring into the rural India. Newer schemes (viz. MSME) to enhance the productivity of rural cluster of artisan in the view of modernizing the approach and subsequent effect in the livelihood in India is the theme of this article.

OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES FOR RURAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN INDIA

Rural entrepreneurship has an imperative role to play in the development of Indian economy. Taking into account the fact that nearly 70 percent of the Indian population calls rural India it's home, adequate funding and support can provide a prosperous entrepreneur atmosphere in these communities. So far as it is known that rural India as compared to the majority population is economically poor, younger, more secluded geographically, secluded from the main markets, racially imbedded in tradition, less dynamic economically and experiencing depopulation. It is to be noticed that most of the entrepreneur development policies are adapted to meet the needs of the urban India. Such policies will have to be changed by establishing such centers which exclusively deal with the rural communities and provide consulting and research facilities.

PERSPECTIVES OF RURAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN INDIA

S A M Z O D H A N A – “J o u r n a l o f M a n a g e m e n t R e s e a r c h, 2014

Indian economy is highly dependent on rural economy as 72.2 % of the total population lives in rural areas where agriculture and allied activities are the major sources of income. Rural entrepreneurship is starting of enterprises in rural areas. Entrepreneurship is a wise answer to solve the unemployment, migration and to promote economic and social development in rural areas. The strengthening of the rural villages will encourage the preservation of natural resources and improve the rural economy. There exists a wide gap between rural and urban areas in terms of infrastructure, market and financial access etc .To reduce the disparities, revitalizing the rural economy can be achieved by establishing entrepreneurial ventures in rural areas. Rising rural incomes will have a multiplier effect by raising the demand for farm and nonfarm products and services instigating growth of employment opportunities .Government of India has been continuously assigning increasing importance and support for the promotion and growth of rural entrepreneurship. The obstacles for growth of rural entrepreneurship are literacy, risk aversion, lack of skilled labor, less technical knowhow, limited access to essential services, lack of communication facilities etc. This paper provides an insight into the present scenario of rural entrepreneurship, advantages, opportunities, challenges faced by the entrepreneur and institutions promoting rural entrepreneurship and their role in developing and fostering rural enterprises.