Assessment of Diabetic Retinopathy among the Diabetes Mellitus Type –II Patients at Tertiary Care Hospital of Hyderabad (original) (raw)
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Journal of entomology and zoology studies, 2017
Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is the major cause of acquired blindness and visual impairment among the people of working age as well as those aged 60 years or more. The present study was carried out to ensure the prevalence and to examine the factors involved in the progression of DR in T2DM patients from Hyderabad and adjoin areas. Therefore, total 180 patients were observed in our study with type 2 DM out of which 127 were male (70.56%) and 53 were female (29.44%) with different age ranges between 50 to 70 years. The results declared that out of 180, 14 (08%) patients were suffering from mild NPDR,17 patients (09%) from moderate NPDR, 22 subjects (12%) with severe NPDR, 50 patients (28%) from PDR,31 cases (17%) with vitreous hemorrhage and 46 patients (26%) with macular oedema with risk factors in DR patients Hypertension 69.44% Cardiovascular disorder 34.44% HBA1c values mean &(SD) 10.025(2.34), Triglycerides values reported with mean & SD 317.15 (61.48) and Diabetic Duration mean & ...
Pakistan J. Zool, 2010
Five hundred patients, visiting the government hospitals and diabetic clinics at Faisalabad were examined for retinopathy and their blood samples were analyzed for HbA 1c and lipid profile. Retinopathy was found 41.4% and its prevalence was found higher in patients with HbA 1c >8%. Besides that the age of patients, duration of diabetes, history of hypertension and smoking status were found to be significantly (P<0.05) associated with the prevalence of retinopathy in the diabetic patients. It was concluded that the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy was higher in patients with poor glycaemic control, duration of diabetes and history of hypertension.
Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC
Retinopathy is one of the most frequent and serious complication of diabetes mellitus and leading cause of blindness worldwide. The objective of this study was to determine frequency and pattern of retinopathy in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients at tertiary care settings in Abbottabad. This was a descriptive cross-sectional comparative study being conducted at Ayub Teaching Hospital and Northern Institute of Medical Sciences Abbottabad. It included 100 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients who were attending diabetic clinics of these tertiary care hospitals. Already diagnosed type 2 patients taking anti-diabetic medication, type 1 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, retinal vasculitis, retinal vessel occlusion, and sickle cell retinopathy were excluded. After pupillary dilatation, detailed fundoscopic examination was carried out via direct ophthalmoscopy and further confirmed by an ophthalmologist. According to fundoscopic findings, retinopathy was graded into background, pr...
IP innovative publication pvt. ltd, 2019
Aim: To assess the clinical profile and association of various risk factors with severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study included 56 patients (112 eyes) of type 2 DM with DR. All cases underwent ophthalmic examination and severity of diabetic retinopathy was graded according to the modified ETDRS classification. Risk factors like age, gender, duration of DM, hypertension, HbA1C levels, haemoglobin level and serum lipid profile were studied for any association with severity of DR. Data were analyzed using standard statistical technique and a probability value (‘p’ value) of < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The mean age of study group was 52.90±10.60 years. M: F ratio was 2.3:1. 17.86% were in Non -PDR, 28.60% in PDR and 53.60% were in advanced diabetic retinopathy. Severity of diabetic retinopathy was significantly associated with more duration of DM, high HbA1c level, Hypertension, anemia, dyslipidemia, positive family history of DM and low socioeconomic status. Conclusion: Controlling modifiable risk factors like hypertension, dyslipidemia, high HbA1c level and anaemia are helpful in preventing the development and reducing the severity of diabetic retinopathy.
Frequency of retinopathy among diabetics admitted in a teaching hospital of Lahore
Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC
Diabetic retinopathy is a complication of diabetes that affects the blood vessels of the retina and leads to blindness. Although 4-8 million diabetics exist in Pakistan, very little work has been done on this complication of diabetes. The present study was undertaken to estimate the frequency of retinopathy among diabetics admitted in a teaching hospital of Lahore. Every patient of diabetes mellitus, admitted in departments of Medicine, Surgery, Ophthalmology and Obstetrics & Gynecology at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore between June 2001 and September 2001 was included in the study. After adequate mydriasis, detailed fundus examination using indirect ophthalmoscope was carried out to determine the presence of diabetic retinopathy and its type. Out of 4414 admissions, 540 patients--340 females and 196 males were diabetics. Among 540 diabetics, 132 had Type-1 diabetes (24.4%) while 408 had Type-2 diabetes (75.6%). The duration of diabetes ranged from 10 to 12 years. The prevalence of ...
Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 2013
Objectives: To find out the risk factors of diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methodology: It was a cross-sectional study involving 300 patients of type 2 diabetes. Clinical history, relevant examination including fundoscopy and lab investigations were done. Data was analysed with SPSS 17.0. T-test and chi square/Fischer exact were applied to determine significance. Results: Mean age of the patients was 49.04 ± 0.69 years with slight female predominance with male to female ratio of 3:4. Average duration of disease was 7.17 ± 0.38 years. Diabetic retinopathy was diagnosed in (74, 23.9%). Mean HbA1c was 8.15% in patients with retinopathy and 8.884% in those who had no retinopathy (p=0.08). However, duration of DM, age of patients, male gender, high total cholesterol, high LDL and microalbuminuria were significantly associated with the development of retinopathy. Conclusions: Diabetic retinopathy was found in 23.9% of type 2 diabetics. It was associated with duration of disease, age at presentation, male gender, high total cholesterol, high LDL and microalbuminuria. A single high level of HbA1c was not associated with retinopathy.
International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research, 2019
Introduction: According to WHO with an increasing number in diabetic populations in India, more patients are going to report with ocular Complications. Early diagnosis and management can prevent blindness due to end-stage diabetic retinopathy. This study was conducted to assess the knowledge and estimate the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among the study subjects who were previously diagnosed with diabetes. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional observational study conducted in hospital from June 2019 to September 2019. 108 previously diagnosed diabetic patients who attended the ophthalmology clinic was selected. A detailed history of the study participants were collected by administering questionnaire, the the questionnaire was assessed and responses are analyzed as poor, average and good for knowledge on diabetic retinopathy and additional information regarding associated factors, presence of family history, hypertension, addictions like smoking followed by estimation of glycaemic index by checking HbA1C levels and ophthalmological examination for diabetic retinopathy which was carried out by ophthalmologists.As per the findings of fundus diabetic retinopathy is graded according to ETDRS classification. Results: 108 diabetic patients are included in this study out of which mean age of males and females were 45.61 ± 14.21years and 49.68 ± 17.16 years. Among the 108 diabetic patients the knowledge on diabetic retinopathy is good in only 43 (39.81%).65 (60.19%) suffering from different severity of retinopathy. Of the 65 patients who had signs of diabetic retinopathy there is a statistical association with the age of the patients, positive family history of diabetes, poor glycaemic control, duration of diabetes, associated hypertension and smoking. Conclusion: Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy is 60.9% in the study population with a significant association between risk factors. This study suggests there is an immediate need of creating awareness among the community along with early diagnosis and treatment to prevent avoidable blindness caused by retinopathy. Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic Retinopathy, HbA1c, ETDRS
Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2015
Diabetic retinopathy is a microangiopathy primarily affecting pre-capillary venules, although larger vessels may also be involved. Retinopathy exhibits features of both microvascular occulusion and leakage. Diabetic maculopathy is the most common cause of visual impairment in diabetic patients. AIMS To asses the prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) in diabetic patients. To find the correlation of diabetic retinopathy with various risk factors. SETTING AND DESIGN Hospital based prospective study. MATERIALS AND METHODS Detailed history with visual acuity, slit lamp examination, fundus examination, IOP and Gonioscopy were recorded. INVESTIGATIONS Blood sugar (F) and (PP), Lipid profile, Hb1ac. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Chi-square test and Fisher exact test. Crude Odds' ratio for strength of association. RESULTS Prevalence of DR was found to be 72%: NPDR (59.3%), PDR (5.4%) and maculopathy (7.3%). Chances of retinopathy were found to be more with increased duration of diabetes. Males were found to have more chances of developing retinopathy. No significant association with increased IOP, hypertension or altered lipid profile was found. CONCLUSION Diabetic retinopathy risk in diabetic patients depends on age, sex, duration of diabetes, blood sugar (F) levels, altered renal function and also on types of diabetes.
PubMed, 2012
Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and associated factors of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes in the diabetes clinic at Chandrubeksa Hospital. Material and method: A cross-sectional study was performed on 261 type 2 diabetic patients at Chandrubeksa Hospital on January 2011. They all underwent fundus examination by ophthalmologists using indirect ophthalmoscope to check for any signs of DR. Results: Retinopathy was presented in 67 (25.70%) patients who were categorized into non-proliferative and proliferative types, 23.4% and 2.3% respectively. The patients who received insulin treatment were more likely to have DR than those who had not (OR 3.95, 95% CI 1.86, 8.39). Those who had had diabetes for more than 5 years were more likely to have diabetic retinopathy than those with diabetes for a lesser amount of time (OR 2.36, 95% CI 1.28, 4.33). Conclusion: Insulin treatment and the duration of diabetes are the significant associated factors for developing diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetic patients. The authors emphasize the necessity of regular eye check-ups which can provide the patients with early detection so that treatment can begin before much damage occurs.