Monitoring and controlling of process parameters in the biological phase of wastewater treatment (original) (raw)
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Water
This study aimed to improve the control system of the biological stage of wastewater treatment using the quality control information system to support the concept of environmental efficiency management. In this case, the object of the study was the treatment facilities of Sumy city (Ukraine). For automatic control of wastewater quality, pH, oxidation reduction potential (ORP), electrical conductivity, and temperature indicators were taken, as well as hydrobiological analysis of activated sludge and mathematical modelling. The pH of wastewater at the input system has systematically unacceptable values (above 8.5 were recorded). Unacceptable concentrations of sulphur-containing toxicants arrive at the entrance of treatment facilities (0.22–1.3 mg/L). The response of activated sludge biocenosis to increasing concentrations of hydrogen sulphide in wastewater was analysed. Furthermore, a mathematical model of monoculture population growth, with two factors that affect population growth (...
This paper reports on the design, implementation and real-time operation of advanced process monitoring techniques for wastewater treatment plants. The paper presents the development of a software platform and its implementation in a full-scale wastewater treatment plant. The software platform allows the real-time execution of advanced process monitoring techniques that are used for fault and process upset detection and identification. The statistical methods are part of a supervisory control level that allows for integration of the different facets of process monitoring and control, including fault detection, knowledge extraction and controller action. Results obtained by the real-time execution of such algorithms are presented
Automatic scada systems for reliable monitoring and control of kayseri wastewater treatment plant
IFAC Proceedings Volumes, 2003
An automatic control and estimation strategy for wastewater treatment plants, particularly for Kayseri WWTP, will be introduced in this study. The main idea in this study is to develop and evaluate a control mechanism which can be applied practically to improve and protect the performance of the mentioned treatment plant. It has also been discussed for a proper solution for the reliability of the Kayseri WWTP. At this point, on-line automatic control systems seems as an effective method for this aim. Parameters that will be measured are as follows: flow rate, chemical oxygen demand (COD), conductivity, pH, suspended solids (SS) and toxicity. A damage will prevent the plant from operating for days or weeks. With such a system, shock loadings coming to WWTP will be monitored by the automatic control system. Highly polluted wastewater or shock loadings will be collected in a storage tank and then fed to the treatment plant at an optimal time.
Optimal Monitoring of Complex Wastewater Biological Treatment Plants
Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai Chemia
The biological treatment is the most complex step in removing organic and inorganic pollutants from wastewaters, being very sensitive to inputflow oscillations, operating conditions and biomass evolution. Sudden increases in substrate concentration or some inhibitory substances, deterioration of the biomass, or few observed species, all of these lead to a repeated process identification for each waste and biomass type, and also to a difficult control because of the process complexity, low data reproducibility and flexibility of the aerator-settler unit. The numerical analysis, even under imperfect data, can lead to significant improvements in the wastewater treatment (WWT) by determining the optimum and safe plant operating conditions. When only one bioreactor-settler unit exists, a few number of optimisation criteria can be checked. Alternatively, the paper illustrates in a complex WWT plant case including several units, how the increased system flexibility allows using multiple plant operation policies under various optimisation criteria. The analysis is exemplified in a practical case of three serial WWT units by deriving various transient operating policies with considering compromises among process yield, economics and safety aspects.
Signal monitoring toward an intelligent and automatic control of wastewater treatment plant
In small plants typical operating costs for treated water are higher than those of large plants and this is certainly dependent on the relative higher load variations at small plants compared at the larger, but also on the fact the instrumentation installed on the former is minimal. An appropriate low cost equipment could be installed in small -medium plants (data logger stand-alone with suitable sensors) and the data produced used to implement an intelligent control system capable to monitor the processes continuously, analyse the collected time series and classify the various operational states reachable by the plant. Such a system should be able to recognize known situations, extracting features and patterns from the signals, and apply domain knowledge to choose itself the most appropriate control actions, effectively acting as a Decision-Support System (DSS) with Fault Detection and Isolation (FDI) capabilities. In this paper, the first part of a project where a preliminary analysis of this correlation, comparing trends, range of values and characteristic points, is introduced. The signals used are pH, ORP, DO, measurable by cheap and reliable sensors, which correlation with biological processes is well known in Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR), but not in Conventional Activated Sludge (CAS) plants.
A Software Platform for Real-Time Control and Monitoring of a Wastewater Treatment Plant
This paper reports on the design, implementation and real-time operation of advanced process control and monitoring techniques for wastewater treatment plants. The paper presents the development of a software platform and its implementation in a full-scalewastewater treatment plant. The software platform allows the real-time execution of advanced process control techniques as model predictive control, subspace identification, and statistical process analysis using principal component analysis methods. Results obtained by the real-time execution of such algorithms are also presented
Quality control of wastewater treatment: A new approach
European Journal of Operational Research, 2008
This paper presents a new approach to quality control of wastewater treatment. The first part formulates basic principles of statistical process control (SPC) and Taguchi Method. Then it is shown that the classical SPC technique used in industry, cannot be to applied to wastewater treatment plants without adaptation and that the Taguchi Method is inapplicable in this case. This is followed by an example from literature, which demonstrates the problems of applying the SPC method to wastewater treatment. The third part of the paper presents a case study where the performance of a greywater treatment plant is examined. The performance is analyzed by means of cross-correlation between input and output parameters. A new approach to SPC of wastewater treatment, either ''Dynamic SPC'' or ''linear regression SPC'', is presented, and a permeability coefficient is developed (the ratio of the output and input energies). Both are proposed as monitoring tools for wastewater treatment systems.
Outlining Process Monitoring and Fault Detection in a Wastewater Treatment and Reuse System
2020 European Control Conference (ECC), 2020
Process control is an important part of any industrial system. In a wastewater reuse system this remains true. Process monitoring and fault detection (FD) are important to ensure that the control system has access to reliable data which can be used in making decisions about the operation of the process. The reuse scenario being considered in this work is that of utilizing the nutrients from the wastewater as fertilizer to agricultural soil along with using the water for irrigation purposes. This paper identifies variables that are important to the control of the process and should be a focus of monitoring and FD. In wastewater treatment these variables include temperatures, pressures, liquid levels, flow rates, pH, conductivity, biomass content, suspended solids concentration, dissolved oxygen content, total organic carbon, and the concentrations of nitrate and ammonium. The variables of interest in the reuse of nutrients and water for agriculture include soil moisture, ambient cond...
Studies on wastewater treatment plant performance measurements
2013
Firstly, in this study, the possibility to control an activated sludge plant by using continuous dissolved dry solids (DDS) measurements and conductivity analysers was investigated. In addition, the correlations of the attained results were compared to typical wastewater sum parameters, such as COD or TOC. The tests were performed by installing five (5) refractometers and five (5) conductivity analysers in the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) and by collecting data and hand samples from a Finnish Kraft pulp mill. The results indicate that new precision refractometers can be used for the detection of very small changes in the DDS at low concentrations (about 50 ppm) in WWTP. The results also indicate that measured DDS had a good correlation to CODand TOC-values, providing a great potential to use it as a “police meter” for the quality of wastewater before it is introduced into the local water course. However, more tests will be needed to gain a better understanding of the phenomena ...
Water Science & Technology, 2009
Environmental monitoring of biological wastewater treatment plants (BWWTP) treating industrial effluents produces large amount of data. Frequent sampling is done in the influent and effluent but also in intermediate points. Samples are analyzed for classical and specific contaminants and physical-chemical parameters are monitored. In this paper data from a BWWTP treating the effluents of a coke and steel-processing factory are analyzed. Due to a complex situation, this BWWTP gave poor performances that did not match environmental regulations, meanwhile upgrading proved to be uneasy. Data analysis using principal component analyses (PCA) or kinetic modeling with a Haldane model was unsuccessful in handling these data, which was attributed to undetermined toxic effects. A new methodology is reported, that allowed to identify a kinetics for thiocyanate degradation and a relation between pH and toxic effects. This analysis of the plant data allowed to make hypothesis on the process cont...