Water compatibility of M’sila region (South- East Algeria) for cultivation of Spirulina & evaluation of methods of extraction of Phycocyanin and investigation of stability by β-Cyclodextrin (original) (raw)
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Environmental impact of phycocyanin recovery from Spirulina platensis cyanobacterium
Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies, 2017
Multifunctional extracts from Spirulina platensis are suggested as food additives, due to their high content in in functional ingredients and specifically phycocyanin. The recovery of phycocyanin from the microalgal biomass is performed by using ultrasounds and polar solvents such water, ethanol or buffer. The application of drying pretreatment in combination with the use of different solvents presents variation in the yields, affecting the actual recovery of the protein and hence the environmental impact of the production of 1 kg phycocyanin. Life cycle analysis on the recovery techniques for the isolation of the desired phycocyanin was performed in order to evaluate the selected extraction processes' sustainability. Drying exhibited increased environmental footprint due to the energy demand, while at the same time affecting not only the yielding but also the quality of the extracts. The use of aqueous solvents can lead to an environmental and efficient extraction, replacing organic solvent systems sufficiently. Industrial relevance Phycocyanin is a pigment-protein complex which is used into various food products to enhance their nutritional qualities acting as food colorant, antioxidant and emulsifier, which can sufficiently replace or reduce the use of synthetic additives. For the effective recovery of phycocyanin, the nutrient should be extracted from the microalgae biomass of Spirulina platensis. The steps to
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences
Spirulina platensis is a microalgae species that contains phycocyanin, a blue pigment that is widely used in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. The objective of this study was to isolate phycocyanin from dried biomass of Spirulina platensis. The optimum extraction was through freezethawing extraction with 0.01 M phosphate buffer pH 7. Purification was done using 50% ammonium sulphate precipitation, dialysis, and gel filtration chromatography. The purity ratio of the purified product was 1.729 (A615/A280). Characterization of isolate, carried out using SDS-PAGE, gave molecular weights of around 15-16 Kda and using infrared spectrophotometry the similarity with the standard phycocyanin spectrum was obtained. Both methods confirmed that the isolate was phycocyanin.
Blue colored pigment phycocyanin extraction from Spirulina platensis
2020
Phycocyanin is a blue pigment and water-soluble biliprotein from the Spirulina platensis. In this study, the water was used as a solvent for the extraction of phycocyanin. Wet biomass of Spirulina, wet biomass held for 48 hours at room temperature, frozen Spirulina for 48 hours, and frozen biomass for fifteen days, and dried Spirulina was used to determine phycocyanin concentration (PC) (mg mL-1). At the same time, extract purity of phycocyanin (OD615/OD280) and yield (mg g-1) were determined. Phycocyanin yield of 17,6497, 17,1370, and 17,0833 mg g-1 were obtained from frozen Spirulina for fifteen days, wet biomass of Spirulina held for 48 hours, and wet biomass of Spirulina, respectively. The purity ratios (OD615/OD280) of 4.60, 0.81, 0.85, 0.98, and 6.55 were determined for frozen for 15 days, frozen Spirulina for 48 hours, wet biomass of Spirulina (waited for 48 hours), dried Spirulina and wet Spirulina, respectively
Annals of Agricultural & Crop Sciences, 2024
The Arthrospira maxima, Spirulina major, and Spirulina subsalsa are plenty available in Mexican lakes and ponds. This cyanobacterium is used as an important dietary supplement due to its high protein content and vitamins. However, the most commercial strain in use is A. platensis, and very few reports exist on other Spirulina species from Mexico and their potential phycocyanin production. To use at a commercial scale, it is essential to evaluate native strains in an efficient purification process. In this work, we demonstrated the potential of Spirulina subsalsa for phycocyanin pigment production and purification process, compared with native A. platensis from Mexico. The biomass yield with S. subsalsa was 4.50±0.10 g/Lt, which was higher than A. platensis, which was 1.36 g/lt. The crude phycocyanin pigment from S. subsalsa was 267±0.37 mg/g, whereas 221±0.04mg/g in the case of A. platensis. After partial purification, we found a higher purity grade in S. subsalsa, with a higher yield and a recovery percent of 39.75%. In the case of A. platensis, after partial purification, the recovery percentage was 35.37. After ionic chromatography purification, the purity of phycocyanin was 2.57±0.03 in the case of S. subsalsa, whereas 1.91±0.02 in the case of A. platensis. SDS gel electrophoresis demonstrated two phycocyanin bands showing 17 kDa and 12 kDa in the case of both species. The two-step purification process functions very well for S. subsalsa species, whereas A. platensis demonstrated efficiency with one step. The extracted C-PC from S. Sulsalsa is safe as per the cytotoxicity assay.
Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society, 2009
C-ficocianina é um pigmento natural azul que pode ser utilizado como aditivo alimentar e na indústria farmacêutica. Esse trabalho visou obter C-ficocianina com aumento na pureza e sem perdas na recuperação, empregando a técnica da precipitação. O extrato bruto de C-ficocianina foi utilizado nos ensaios. A otimização da purificação foi feita através de um planejamento experimental, no qual avaliou-se a concentração de sulfato de amônio, o volume e o pH de tampão de re-suspensão. Subseqüentemente, um estudo da purificação utilizando o fracionamento com sulfato de amônio foi realizado nas melhores condições encontradas no planejamento experimental. As condições mais favoráveis para a purificação foram obtidas quando foi utilizado fracionamento com sulfato de amônio na faixa 0-20%/20-50%, relação volume de re-suspensão/volume inicial de 0,52 e tampão pH 7,0. Nessas condições, em um único passo de purificação, a pureza aumentou 70% comparado ao extrato inicial e a recuperação foi de 83,8%. C-phycocyanin is a natural blue dye that has been used as an additive in food and can be used to produce medications. The major goal of the present study was to obtain C-phycocyanin under the best operational conditions for high C-phycocyanin recovery and purity using the precipitation technique. Crude C-phycocyanin from Spirulina platensis was used. Optimization of the purification was carried out using experimental design. The effect of ammonium sulfate concentration, volume and of pH for resuspension were evaluated. Subsequently an ammonium sulfate fractionation study was carried out using the most suitable conditions found in the experimental design. The best purification condition was ammonium sulfate fractionation at 0-20%/20-50%, in relation to a resuspension volume/initial volume of 0.52 in a 7.0 pH buffer. Under these conditions, in an one-step purification only, the purity increased 70% compared to the initial extract, with an 83.8% recovery.
Exploring the Benefits of Phycocyanin: From Spirulina Cultivation to Its Widespread Applications
Pharmaceuticals
Large-scale production of microalgae and their bioactive compounds has steadily increased in response to global demand for natural compounds. Spirulina, in particular, has been used due to its high nutritional value, especially its high protein content. Promising biological functions have been associated with Spirulina extracts, mainly related to its high value added blue pigment, phycocyanin. Phycocyanin is used in several industries such as food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals, which increases its market value. Due to the worldwide interest and the need to replace synthetic compounds with natural ones, efforts have been made to optimize large-scale production processes and maintain phycocyanin stability, which is a highly unstable protein. The aim of this review is to update the scientific knowledge on phycocyanin applications and to describe the reported production, extraction, and purification methods, including the main physical and chemical parameters that may affect the purit...
The cyanobacterium Spirulina platensis is an attractive source of the biopigment, which is used as a natural colour in food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical products and have tremendous applications in nutraceuticals, therapeutics and biotechnological research. The present study examines the possibility of increasing the content of Phycocyanin, Allophycocyanin, Phycoerythrin and Carotenoids under stress conditions including different pH, salinity and carbon content in S. platensis isolated from Jalmahal, Jaipur (Rajasthan). The production of Phycocyanin, Allophycocyanin and Phycoerythrin were enhanced with 0.4 M NaCl, pH 7 and Carbon deficiency as compared to standard.
Vegetos, 2021
Spirulina sp. MCCABT-SP0001 was grown in a miniature raceway pond system: an innovative and low-cost cultivation method for extraction of the natural pigment C-Phycocyanin. The extractions of C-Phycocyanin from Spirulina sp. were carried out by three different methods and the extracted C-phycocyanin was estimated separately for each method. Among the different methods of extraction, Freezing and Thawing, Alum and 15 M HCl extraction showed the best results, i.e., 0.40 mg/ml, 0.21 mg/ml and 0.19 mg/ml respectively. The C-Phycocyanin was partially purified using Ammonium Sulphate precipitation and later dialysed. The molecular weight of the powdered C-Phycocyanin was determined using SDS-PAGE. The molecular weight of C-Phycocyanin was found to be α14 kDa and β15 kDa subunits. The partially purified C-Phycocyanin was investigated for HPLC to know the presence of vitamins, both qualitatively and quantitatively. The vitamins present in C-Phycocyanin were Niacin (8.7 mg/ml), Pyridoxine (0.38 mg/ml), Thiamine (0.434 mg/ml) and Riboflavin (0.11 mg/ml). The partially purified C-Phycocyanin was examined for its staining ability cum