Assessment of natural radioactivity levels for Karadağ Mountain, Turkey (original) (raw)
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Radiation Protection Dosimetry, 2014
In this study, the levels of the natural and artificial radioactivity in soil samples collected from surrounding of Karaman in Turkey were measured. Activity concentrations of the concerned radionuclides were determined by gamma-ray spectrometry using a high-purity germanium detector with a relative efficiency of 40 % at 1.332 MeV. The results obtained for the 238 U series ( 226 Ra, 214 Pb and 214 Bi), 232 Th series ( 228 Ac), 40 K and fission product 137 Cs are discussed. To evaluate the radiological hazard of radioactivity in samples, the radium equivalent activity (Ra eq ), the absorbed dose rate (D), the annual effective dose and the external (H ex ) and internal hazard index (H in ) were calculated and presented in comparison with the data collected from different areas in the world and Turkey.
Study of the radioactivity in environmental soil samples from Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey
Radiochimica Acta, 2018
In this study, a detailed γ-ray spectrometer survey was performed to obtain the baseline data on natural and fallout radioactivity in soil samples (10–30 cm depth) collected from Iğdır which is a province in Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey and located along the border with Armenia. Metsamor Nuclear Power Plant in Eastern Armenia is only about 20 km away from Iğdır province. The average activity concentrations of226Ra,232Th,40K and137Cs in the soil samples were found as 19.1±0.6 (range: 12.8–31.2 Bq kg−1), 21.9±0.6 (range: 11.6–36.8 Bq kg−1), 437.7±10.3 (range: 285.0–613.7 Bq kg−1) and 11.8±1.1 Bq kg−1, (range: 2.5–51.1 Bq kg−1), respectively. The radiological hazards caused by ionizing radiation emitted from these radionuclides on the population living in the region were assessed by estimating radiological parameters such as absorbed γ dose rate in outdoor and the corresponding annual effective dose rate from external exposure, annual effective dose rate from inhalation of radon a...
2018
The distribution of natural radioactivity in soils collected from uncultivated areas in Digor districts of Kars was investigated by using NaI(Tl) gamma-ray spectrometry. The concentration of the natural radio nuclides 226 Ra 232 Th, 40 K and 137 Cs in the 55 soil samples from the studied areas range from 21.6±7.0 to 55.7±8.2 Bqkg -1 , 45.0±14.7 to 94.7±15.3 Bqkg -1 , 474.5±0.0 to 666.5±9.2 Bqkg -1 and BDL to 13.3±1.5 Bqkg -1 , respectively. The determined mean values of activity concentrations of 226 Ra 232 Th and 40 K were used to calculate the radiation hazard indices in soil samples . In the studied area, the radium equivalent activity (Ra eq ) varied from 131.3 to 195.1 Bqkg -1 with the mean value of 171.5 Bqkg -1 and the open air absorbed gamma dose rate (ADR) varied from 61.7 to 88.0 nGyh -1 with the mean value of 79.0 nGyh -1 . The annual effective air dose rate (AED) due to the presence of radionuclides ranged between 75.7 and 107.9 µSv with the average value of 96.8 µSv. Th...
Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 2007
The natural radioactivity levels in soil and sediment samples of Fırtına Valley have been determined. To our knowledge, there seems to be no information about radioactivity level in the Fırtına Valley soils and sediments so far. For this reason, soil and sediment samples were collected along the Fırtına Valley and analysis on the collected samples were carried out to determine 238 U, 232 Th, 40 K and 137 Cs radioisotopes using high purity germanium detector. The activity concentrations obtained for 226 Ra, 214 Pb, 214 Bi, 228 Ac, 208 Tl, 40 K and 137 Cs are given in the unit of Bq/kg. The results have been compared with other radioactivity measurements in different country's soils and sediments. The radium equivalent activity (Ra eq ), the absorbed dose rate (D), the external hazard index (H ex ), the annual gonadal dose equivalent (AGDE) and the annual effective dose equivalent (AEDE) were also calculated and compared with the international recommended values. r
Natural radioactivity levels and related risk assessment in soil samples from Sakarya, Turkey
Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 2017
An evaluation of the environmental radioactivity levels in soil samples from Sakarya province (Turkey) was undertaken in order to create a comprehensive radiological map of Sakarya. A total of 85 soil samples collected from different parts of the city were analysed using NaI(Tl) cray spectrometry. It was found that the mean activity concentrations of natural radionuclides 226 Ra, 232 Th and 40 K were 23.2 ± 2.5, 21.0 ± 3.4 and 371 ± 25.9 Bqkg-1 , respectively, all falling below the worldwide mean values. Accordingly, in order to assess the radiological risk, radium equivalent activity (Ra eq), absorbed gamma dose rate (D), annual effective dose equivalent (AED), and external hazard index (H ex) were estimated and found to have mean values of 30.93 nGyh-1 , 37.93 lSvy-1 , 64.14 Bqkg-1 and 0.18 Bqkg-1 , respectively. Also, the results were statistically analysed to make recommendations for further regulation.
Radioactivity concentrations and dose assessment for soil samples around Adana, Turkey
Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 2008
The concentrations of natural radionuclides in surface soils around Adana, Turkey were determined using gamma ray spectrometry with an HPGe detector. The natural gamma ray radioactivity of the terrestrial radionuclides in air was calculated throughout different areas of Adana. The average activity concentrations of 238 U, 232 Th and 40 K were found to be 17.6, 21.1 and 297.5 Bq kg À1 , respectively. Outdoor gamma dose measurements in air 1 m above ground level were determined by using a portable gamma scintillation detector. The gamma dose measurements in air were taken from the same places where soil samples were taken. Average outdoor gamma dose rates in sample stations were determined as 67 nGy h À1 . The annual effective dose to the public was found to be 82 mSv.
2013
Background: The radioacvity levels in sediment and rock samples of Ikizdere and Kaptanpasa Valley have been determined. To our knowledge, there seems to be no informaon about radioacvity level in the Ikizdere and Kaptanpasa Valley sediments and rocks so far. Materials and Methods: The average radium equivalent acvity (Ra eq ), the total absorbed dose rate (D), the external risk index (H ex ) and the annual effecve dose equivalent (AEDE) which will be defined later have been calculated and compared with the results in literature. Rock characterizaon was also invesgated using thin secon and X-ray diffracon (XRD) analysis. Also gro ss α and β acvity concentraons were calculated for some rock samples. Results: Their radiological implicaons were also calculated and compared with the internaonal recommended values. The gross α acvit y is generally lower than the corresponding gross β acvity for some rock samples. Rock characterizaon was also invesgated using thin secon and XRD analysis. C...
Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 2011
In this work, the radionuclide activity concentrations of 226 Ra, 232 Th and 40 K in surface soils and radon levels in dwellings of Karabük, Turkey were determined in order to evaluate the environmental radioactivity. Concentrations of 226 Ra, 232 Th and 40 K radionuclides were determined using gamma spectrometry with using HPGe detector. The etch track detectors (CR-39) were used to determine the distribution of radon concentrations. The average activity concentrations for 226 Ra, 232 Th and 40 K were found as 21.0, 23.5 and 363.5 Bq kg-1 , respectively. The calculated average annual effective dose equivalent from the outdoor terrestrial gamma radiation from 226 Ra, 232 Th and 40 K is 53.5 lSv y-1. The average radon concentration and annual effective dose equivalent of 222 Rn in Karabük dwellings were obtained 131.6 Bqm-3 and 3.32 mSv y-1 , respectively. The evaluated data were compared with the data obtained from different countries.
2013
Background: The radioacvity levels in sediment and rock samples of İkizdere and Kaptanpaşa Valley have been determined. To our knowledge, there seems to be no informaon about radioacvity level in the İkizdere and Kaptanpaşa Valley sediments and rocks so far. Materials and Methods: The average radium equivalent acvity (Ra eq), the total absorbed dose rate (D), the external risk index (H ex) and the annual effecve dose equivalent (AEDE) which will be defined later have been calculated and compared with the results in literature. Rock characterizaon was also invesgated using thin secon and X-ray diffracon (XRD) analysis. Also gross α and β acvity concentraons were calculated for some rock samples. Results: Their radiological implicaons were also calculated and compared with the internaonal recommended values. The gross α acvity is generally lower than the corresponding gross β acvity for some rock samples. Rock characterizaon was also invesgated using thin secon and XRD analysis. Concl...
Naturally occurring radionuclides of terrestrial origin (also called primordial radionuclides) are present in various degrees in all media in the environment. This study represents the reports on the natural and anthropogenic radionuclides in the Kapidag granitic region. For this purpose, activities of radionuclides in soil, beach sands and rocks of the region have been investigated to assess the radiological hazard of the natural radioactivity. The radium equivalent activities, the absorbed dose rates and the external hazard indexes have been calculated, and also in situ gamma dose rates have been measured in the region. The mean activities of 238 U, 232 Th and 40 K with the ranges were determined as 31.in the rocks, respectively. It was also observed that the average activities of 137 Cs were ranged 0-27.8 Bq kg 21 in the soil and 0.6-3.8 Bq kg 21 in the beach sands. The mean Ra eq activities of the rocks, sands and soil were found to be 125.1+ + + + +59.5, 156.3+ + + + +157.2 and 137.3+ + + + +48.8 Bq kg 21 , respectively, lower than the recommended maximum value of 370 Bq kg 21 with some exceptions. The maximum contributors to the total absorbed gamma dose rates in air were determined as 238 U (45 %) for the beach sands, 238 U (40 %) for the soil and 40 K (41 %) for rocks. The average outdoor gamma dose rates for the soil due to terrestrial and cosmic radiations were found to be 64.6+ + + + +22.7 and 47.1+ + + + +9.6 nGy h 21 , respectively, with the total of 111.7+ + + + +29.5 nGy h 21 outdoor gamma exposure rate and the annual average effective outdoor gamma dose was calculated as 137+ + + + +36.2 mSv for the region. The results of the study were discussed with similar studies in close regions and the worldwide averages.