Forage Potential of Cereal/Legume Intercrops: Agronomic Performances, Yield, Quality Forage and LER in Two Harvesting Times in a Mediterranean Environment (original) (raw)
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Forage yield and quality of simple and complex grass-legumes mixtures under Mediterranean conditions
Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture, 2016
In the experiments conducted in 2013/2014 at the National Institute for Agricultural and Veterinary Research (INIAV) experimental station in Elvas-Portugal, the agronomic and forage quality traits of various species (Triticale (X Triticosecale wittmack), Oat (Avena sativa L.), Grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L.), Red vetchling (Lathyrus cicera L.). Hairy vetch (Vicia villosa, Roth), Common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) and Fiel pea (Pisum sativum L.)) in pure stands as well as in mixtures were evaluated. The objective was to identify interesting species or fodder mixture able to produce early interesting biomass, both in quantity and quality, for the periods when there is scarcity of pasture. A randomized complete block design with three replications was used in the experiment. The studied parameters were: dry matter yield, crude protein content, neutral detergent fiber content (NDF) and in vitro digestibility. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences (P < 0.05) among treatments for all agronomic and forage quality parameters. Lowest dry matter production was recorded in the combination on red vetchling in the first cut (133 kg ha-1) and with grasspea in the second cut (1266 kg ha-1), but these treatments are characterized by the highest values of protein contents (16-23%), the highest digestibility (66-81%) and the lowest NDF content (24-39%).
Evaluation of Forage Yield and Competition Indices for Intercropped Barley and Legumes
World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Biological, Biomolecular, Agricultural, Food and Biotechnological Engineering, 2015
Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), vetch (Vicia villosa), and grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) monocultures as well as mixtures of barley with each of the above legumes, in three seeding ratios (i.e., barley: legume 75:25, 50:50 and 25:75, based on seed numbers) were used to investigated forage yield and competition indices. The results showed that intercropping reduced the dry matter yield of the three component plants, compared with their respective monocrops. The greatest value of total dry matter yield was obtained from barley 25grasspea 75 (5.44 t ha-1) mixture, followed by grass pea sole crop (4.99 t ha-1). The total actual yield loss (AYL) values were positive and greater than 0 in all mixtures, indicating an advantage from intercropping over sole crops. Intercropped barley had a higher relative crowding coefficient (K=1.64) than intercropped legumes (K=1.20), indicating that barley was more competitive than legumes in mixtures. Furthermore, grass pea was more competitive than vetch in mixtures with barley. The highest land equivalent ratio (LER), system productivity index (SPI) and monetary advantage index (MAI) were obtained when barley was mixed at a rate of 25% with 75% seed rate of grass pea. It is concluded that intercropping of barley with grass pea has a good potential to improve the performance of forage with high land-use efficiency.
Jordan Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2010
A 2-year study was conducted at Tel Hadya station (International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Area ICARDA) in northwest Syria, to investigate forage yield of triticale (x.Triticosecale Wittmack) and barley (Hordum vulgare L.) monoculture as well as in mixture with common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) and grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L.) in one seeding ratio (50:50) during stem elongation and booting stages of the cereal crops, in addition to assess some competition indices such as land equivalent ratio (LER), relative crowding coefficient (RCC or K) and aggressivity (A). Dry matter yield of triticale and barley monocultures fluctuated between small increase and small decrease in comparison with their mixtures. LER and K values exceeded unity in both stages, indicating that there was an advantage of intercropping for exploiting the environmental resources. Legume proportions were better in triticale mixtures in both stages. Aggressivity values indicated that triticale and barley were the dominant species in their mixtures.
Plants
One of the main problems in the animal industries currently is the constant provision of forage in sufficient amounts with acceptable nutritional content for large and small ruminants, as livestock is a significant source of income for rural people in the Loess Plateau region. Cereals and legumes are essential forage crops because of their nutritional significance, particularly the protein concentration in legumes and the fiber content in cereals. Therefore, combining cereal and legume crops may be a practical solution to the problems of inadequate forage nutrition, an insufficient amount of forage, unsustainable agricultural methods, and declining soil fertility. The current study predicts that mixed cropping of cereals and legumes at the harvesting stage of the soft dough stage and maturity stage based on the cereal growth stage will have different effects on forage biomass output, forage quality index, and nutritional value of the forage. In this study, wheat (Triticum aestivum) ...
Competition and dry matter yield in intercrops of barley and legume for forage
2014
For increasing land use efficiency intercropping plays a pivotal role. Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), vetch (Vicia villosa), and grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) monocultures as well as mixtures of barley with each of the above legumes, in three seeding ratios (i.e., barley: legume 75:25, 50:50 and 25:75, based on seed numbers) were used to investigated forage yield and competition indices such as land equivalent ratio (LER),competitive ratio (CR), relative crowding coefficient (RCC), aggressivity (A), actual yield loss (AYL), monetary advantage index (MAI) and intercropping advantage (IA).The experimental was arranged asa randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications.The results showed that intercropping reduced the dry matter yield of the three component plants, compared with their respective monocrops. The greatest value of total dry matter yield was obtained from barley25grass pea75 (5.44 t ha ) mixture, followed by grass pea sole crop (4.99 t ha). The total AYL v...
Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences, 2012
The work was carried out to assess mass production and nutritional content of winter forages using lopsided oat (Avena strigosa) and white oat (Avena sativa) intercropped with ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) and vetch (Vicia sativa L.). The species were intercropped as the following treatments: lopsided oat with ryegrass (LO+RG); white oat with ryegrass (CO+RG); lopsided oat with vetch (LO+V); white oat with vetch (CO+V); lopsided oat, vetch and ryegrass (LO+RG+V); and white oat, ryegrass and vetch (CO+RG+V). The study evaluated total forage mass production of each intercropping and crude protein levels, neutral detergent fiber and in vitro digestibility coefficient of dry matter. The results indicate that forage yield of oats was higher in early assessments, and ryegrass and vetch were higher in the final evaluation period. The crude protein levels and neutral detergent fiber were higher at the start of the experiment for all evaluated treatments, and those including vetch intercropped with oats showed an increase in these parameters in the final period due to the presence of vetch, which has a more delayed cycle.
The Indian Journal of Animal Sciences
Availability of green fodder with improved quality to animals is the key to success for sustainable livestock production. It is difficult to maintain the health and milk production of the livestock without supply of the quality green fodder. Therefore, the study was carried out to evaluate the forage quality of maize and legumes as influenced by varying intercropping combinations. This experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with seven treatments consisting of three different forage crops, viz. maize, cowpea and guar sown in sole as well as in 1:1 and 2:1 intercropping combinations of forage cereal with legume crop components in three replications. Experimental results showed that the highest dry matter yield (94.89 q/ha) was obtained in maize+ cowpea (2:1) intercropping combinations. The quality parameters of different forage crops, viz. Organic Matter, Crude Protein, Ether Extract, Ash Content, Neutral Detergent Fiber, Acid Detergent Fiber, Acid Detergen...
INTERCROPPING IN A TEMPERATE ENVIRONMENT FOR FORAGE PRODUCTION IN DRYLAND CONDITIONS.
The basic objective of the experiment was to determine vetch and cereal intercropping for forage yield in dryland conditions. The experiment was conducted under Tekirdag-Turkey ecological conditions during 2013-2015 years. Common vetch (Vicia sativa L.), Hungarian vetch (Vicia pannonica Crantz.), Narbon vetch (Vicia narbonensis L.), oat (Avena sativa L.), and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) were used as plant material of vetch ? cereal mixtures. Plant height, branch number per plant, fresh forage yield, and dry forage yield were determined. Significant differences were found among vetch ? cereal mixtures for plant height, branch number per plant, fresh forage yield and dry forage yield. The two years average data showed that vetch ? cereal mixture performed better under dryland conditions in terms of fresh and dry forage yield. Narbon vetch+oat, Hungarian vetch + barley double mixtures, and common vetch+Narbon vetch+barley triple mixture was recommended for forage production in Tekirdag-Turkey dryland conditions