Platelet-rich plasma: Clinical use in orthopedics (original) (raw)
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Use of platelet-rich plasma in orthopedic treatments (Atena Editora)
Use of platelet-rich plasma in orthopedic treatments (Atena Editora), 2023
Platelet-rich plasma, a concentrate of blood platelets, has enormous potential in therapeutic modality due to several advantages. The volume of plasma found in PRP (platelet-rich plasma) has a concentration of platelets five times greater than that found in normal blood. It can be obtained through single or double centrifugation, it is extremely important that the PRP is always autologous, thus avoiding the risk of rejection. PRP has been applied in the most diverse areas: aesthetics, dentistry, regenerative medicine, biotechnology, ophthalmology and orthopedic treatments. It also manifests anti-inflammatory properties, anabolic effects and gelling capacity. Through CF (growth factors) released by the platelets it contains, PRP assists in the processes of osteoinduction and osteointegration. Furthermore, studies reveal promising results in its use after total knee arthroplasty, as well as in other orthopedic treatments.
The Use of Platelet-rich Plasma in Orthopedic Injuries
Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Review, 2013
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an autologous concentration of blood-derived human platelets in a small volume of plasma. The types of PRP vary according to the commercial preparation system used, the platelet concentration, or the anticoagulant or activator used. Autologous conditioned plasma is an autologous concentration of human platelets in plasma 2 to 4 times greater than that which is found in blood at baseline. Platelets are important to the normal healing response of tissue by the local secretion of growth factors and recruitment of reparative cells in an area of injury. PRP is theorized to create an optimal healing environment in a region of tissue injury. This is a literature review of currently published studies using PRP in orthopedic injuries. We performed a literature search in PubMed and Medline in April 2013. We concluded that given the number of variations of PRP available and the lack of high-level published studies, there is insufficient evidence to conclusively support its clinical use.
SICOT-J, 2017
Within orthopedics, the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been rapidly increasing in popularity, however, its true effectiveness has yet to be fully established. Several studies find that injecting PRP to the site of injury does not provide any significant benefit with respect to clinical outcomes; however, many others report the contrary. Due to the conflicting evidence and multiple meta-analyses conducted on the topic, a literature review of high-quality evidence on the use of PRP for common orthopaedic conditions was performed. Thus far, the evidence appears to suggest that PRP may provide some benefit in patients who present with knee osteoarthritis or lateral epicondylitis. On the other hand, evidence appears to be inconsistent or shows a minimal benefit for PRP usage in rotator cuff repair, patellar and Achilles tendinopathies, hamstring injuries, anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) repair, and medial epicondylitis. There is limited confidence in the conclusions from the publ...
Operative Techniques in Orthopaedics, 2012
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a novel therapeutic tool in orthopaedic surgery and constitutes a developing area for clinicians and researchers. Increasing numbers of scientific studies are being published on PRP, and there has also been an increased level of awareness in popular culture and mainstream media secondary to recent use of PRP in high-profile athletes. PRP is produced from the patient's own blood by centrifugation, which concentrates platelets along with several bioactive factors that have the ability to promote various aspects of tissue regeneration and protection. These include growth factors such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), transforming growth factor, insulin-like growth factor, and epidermal growth factor, among others. Depending on the method of PRP preparation used, varying compositions of cells and bioactive factors can be found, and only very little is known about the exact regenerative mechanisms of the different PRP components involved. Such crudeness of PRP makes its application fast and easy, while avoiding laborious and time-consuming ex vivo cell processing procedures. The field of PRP clinical and basic science research is growing. There is experimental evidence for positive effects of PRP in the context of soft-tissue healing, ligament and bone regeneration, and inflammation reduction. However, recently emerging prospective randomized clinical trials demonstrate ambiguous results regarding effectiveness with mostly only weak to moderate effects depending on the application. This review outlines the current status of the clinical use of PRP and discusses its risks, pearls and pitfalls, and the direction of future PRP research in the fields of orthopaedic surgery and sports medicine.
The emerging use of platelet-rich plasma in musculoskeletal medicine
The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association, 2015
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is one of many new developments within the expanding field of regenerative medicine. Specialists in areas such as orthopedics, physical medicine and rehabilitation, and rheumatology have been exploring the benefits of this novel therapy. Although PRP therapy remains controversial and has minimal clinical trial support, the use of orthobiologics such as PRP continues to advance as patients seek nonsurgical approaches to acute and chronic musculoskeletal injury and disease. However, academic acceptance as well as insurance reimbursement remain reliant on solid and repeatable positive results from large clinical trials. The authors summarize the evolution of PRP therapy and report on its status.
BioMed Research International, 2015
Despite its pervasive use, the clinical efficacy of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy and the different mechanisms of action have yet to be established. This overview of the literature is focused on the role of PRP in bone, tendon, cartilage, and ligament tissue regeneration considering basic science literature deriving fromin vitroandin vivostudies. Although this work provides evidence that numerous preclinical studies published within the last 10 years showed promising results concerning the application of PRP, many key questions remain unanswered and controversial results have arisen. Additional preclinical studies are needed to define the dosing, timing, and frequency of PRP injections, different techniques for delivery and location of delivery, optimal physiologic conditions for injections, and the concomitant use of recombinant proteins, cytokines, additional growth factors, biological scaffolds, and stems cells to develop optimal treatment protocols that can effectively trea...
Platelet rich plasma injection grafts for musculoskeletal injuries: a review
Current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine, 2008
In Europe and the United States, there is an increasing prevalence of the use of autologous blood products to facilitate healing in a variety of applications. Recently, we have learned more about specific growth factors, which play a crucial role in the healing process. With that knowledge there is abundant enthusiasm in the application of concentrated platelets, which release a supra-maximal quantity of these growth factors to stimulate recovery in non-healing injuries. For 20 years, the application of autologous PRP has been safely used and documented in many fields including; orthopedics, sports medicine, dentistry, ENT, neurosurgery, ophthalmology, urology, wound healing, cosmetic, cardiothoracic, and maxillofacial surgery. This article introduces the reader to PRP therapy and reviews the current literature on this emerging treatment modality. In summary, PRP provides a promising alternative to surgery by promoting safe and natural healing. However, there are few controlled tria...
The utility of platelet-rich plasma in modern orthopedic practices: a review of the literature
2023
His current research interests include shoulder arthroplasty and arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Visit John Barnett's Website Connect with John Barnett on LinkedIn Conflicts of Interest Statement for John Barnett Mitchell Borin a second year medical student at the Ohio State University College Of Medicine. He went to undergrad at Michigan State and is originally from Walled Lake Michigan.
Journal of Bone and …, 2009
Although mechanical stabilisation has been a hallmark of orthopaedic surgical management, orthobiologics are now playing an increasing role. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a volume of plasma fraction of autologous blood having platelet concentrations above baseline. The platelet α granules are rich in growth factors that play an essential role in tissue healing, such as transforming growth factor-β, vascular endothelial growth factor, and platelet-derived growth factor. PRP is used in various surgical fields to enhance bone and soft-tissue healing by placing supraphysiological concentrations of autologous platelets at the site of tissue damage. The easily obtainable PRP and its possible beneficial outcome hold promise for new regenerative treatment approaches. The aim of this literature review was to describe the bioactivities of PRP, to elucidate the different techniques for PRP preparation, to review animal and human studies, to evaluate the evidence regarding the use of PRP in trauma and orthopaedic surgery, to clarify risks, and to provide guidance for future research.