Multifunctional Therapeutic Approach of Nanomedicines against Inflammation in Cancer and Aging (original) (raw)

RECENT DEVELOPMENT APPLICATIONS OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN CANCER: A LITERATURE REVIEW OF IMAGING AND TREATMENT

WORLD JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, 2018

Recent advances in the application of nanotechnology in medicine, often referred to as nanomedicine, may revolutionize our approach to healthcare. Cancer nanotechnology is a relatively novel interdisciplinary area of comprehensive research that combines the basic sciences, like biology and chemistry, with engineering and medicine. Nanotechnology involves creating and utilizing the constructs of variable chemistry and architecture with dimensions at the nanoscale level comparable to those of biomolecules or biological vesicles in the human body. Operating with sub-molecular interactions, it offers the potential for unique and novel approaches with a broad spectrum of applications in cancer treatment including new and efficient therapeutic approaches to cancer treatment that can overcome numerous barriers posed by the human body compared to conventional approaches. Improvement in chemotherapeutic delivery through enhanced solubility and prolonged retention time has been the focus of research in nanomedicine. The sub-microscopic size and flexibility of nanoparticles offers the promise of selective tumor access. Formulated from a variety of substances, nanoparticles are configured to transport myriad substances in a controlled and targeted fashion to malignant cells while minimizing the damage to normal cells. They are designed and developed to take advantage of the morphology and characteristics of a malignant tumor, such as leaky tumor vasculature, specific cell surface antigen expression, and rapid proliferation. Nanotechnology a revolutionary role in both diagnostics (imaging, immune-detection) and anti-angiogenesis). Moreover, nanoparticles may be designed to offer a multifunctional approach operating simultaneously as an effective and efficient anticancer drug as well as an imaging material to evaluate the efficacy of the drug for treatment follow-up. In recent years, nanomedicine has exhibited strong promise and progress in radically changing the approach to cancer detection and treatment.

Emerging concepts in designing next-generation multifunctional nanomedicine for cancer treatment

Bioscience Reports

Nanotherapy has emerged as an improved anticancer therapeutic strategy to circumvent the harmful side effects of chemotherapy. It has been proven to be beneficial to offer multiple advantages, including their capacity to carry different therapeutic agents, longer circulation time and increased therapeutic index with reduced toxicity. Over time, nanotherapy evolved in terms of their designing strategies like geometry, size, composition or chemistry to circumvent the biological barriers. Multifunctional nanoscale materials are widely used as molecular transporter for delivering therapeutics and imaging agents. Nanomedicine involving multi-component chemotherapeutic drug-based combination therapy has been found to be an improved promising approach to increase the efficacy of cancer treatment. Next-generation nanomedicine has also utilized and combined immunotherapy to increase its therapeutic efficacy. It helps in targeting tumor immune response sparing the healthy systemic immune func...

Role of nanotechnology in targeted drug delivery and imaging: a concise review

Nanomedicine : nanotechnology, biology, and medicine, 2005

The use of nanotechnology in drug delivery and imaging in vivo is a rapidly expanding field. The emphases of this review are on biophysical attributes of the drug delivery and imaging platforms as well as the biological aspects that enable targeting of these platforms to injured and diseased tissues and cells. The principles of passive and active targeting of nanosized carriers to inflamed and cancerous tissues with increased vascular leakiness, overexpression of specific epitopes, and cellular uptake of these nanoscale systems are discussed. Preparation methods-properties of nanoscale systems including liposomes, micelles, emulsions, nanoparticulates, and dendrimer nanocomposites, and clinical indications are outlined separately for drug delivery and imaging in vivo. Taken together, these relatively new and exciting data indicate that the future of nanomedicine is very promising, and that additional preclinical and clinical studies in relevant animal models and disease states, as w...

Nanotechnology as a next generation therapeutics: Hope for cancer treatment

Nanoparticle-based carriers are one of the promising approaches for diagnosis and treatment of cancer which may bring hope in cancer patients in near future because of their unique physical, chemical and biological properties which allow them to bind, adsorb, and carry both hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs, molecules, and imaging agents with higher efficiency. Several biodegradable and biocompatible nanoparticles have been developed for cancer therapy such as liposomes, polymer-based nanoparticles, polymersomes, micelles, proteins, dendrimers, and inorganic nanoparticles. In this chapter, we will discuss the synthesis and properties of nanoparticles, and different types of nanoparticle technologies developed for cancer therapy. We will also highlight the photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, and theranostic agents manufactured for cancer therapy and diagnosis. This chapter also examines nanotherapeutics which is approved and is in clinical and preclinical stages. Moreover, we...

Nanoparticles: From Diagnosis to Therapy

International Journal of Medical Nano Research, 2016

Cancer is a leading cause of death, the second most common cause, exceeded only by heart disease. Still, the current clinical imaging methods and treatments are in many situations unable to provide timely detection and curative therapy. The field of drug delivery stands to be significant advances in nanotechnology and benefits of novel nanotechnology in oncology already starts. New strategies are being designed to deliver chemotherapeutic drugs or imaging agents to the tumor at higher concentrations with minimal damage to normal tissues. This review will focus on how nanoparticles are able to function as carriers for chemotherapeutic drugs to increase their therapeutic index; how can be used as imaging agents to detect and monitor cancer progression.