COVID-19 vaccines uptake: Public knowledge, awareness, perception and acceptance among adult Africans (original) (raw)
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The present study examined the knowledge, attitudes, and hesitancy towards COVID-19 vaccines among internet users in Sub-Saharan Africa. Data were collected online using Google form among four hundred and thirty (430) social media users across these African countries; Nigeria, Ghana, and Cameroon. Their ages range from 18 to 61 years, M = 31.05; SD = 6.96 and data collection lasted from September to November 2021. Instruments used in data collect included; the General Knowledge of COVID-19 Vaccine Questionnaire, the Attitudes towards COVID-19 Vaccines Questionnaire, and the COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Scale (COVID-19-VHS). The results showed that good knowledge of COVID-19 vaccines was recorded among internet users in Ghana (31.5%), Cameroon (34.8%), and Nigeria (33.7%). Positive attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccines were recorded among internet users in Ghana (54.2%), and Cameroon (35.6%), while Nigerian internet users recorded negative attitudes towards the vaccines at 10.2%. COVID-19 vaccines acceptance was recorded higher in Ghana (41.9%), while participants in Nigeria (39.1%), and Cameroon (19.0%) had lower outcome in both acceptability and possible to be vaccination. This indicates that internet users in Ghana had the will to be vaccinated, while internet users in Nigeria and Cameroon had low or no zeal to accept vaccination. Lastly, among all the participants, both general knowledge of COIVD-19 vaccines and the attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccines significantly predicted COVID-19 vaccination compliance (B=.37, t=8.24, p=0.5; and B=.14, t=3.25, p=0.5). Conclusively, since negative attitudes and low vaccine acceptability pose great danger to public health, the researchers suggest proper health-reorientation by various health agencies and ministries in collaboration with psychologists across Africa to avert impending pandemics and psychological challenges.
The journal of global health, 2022
INTRODUCTION Globally, the Covid-19 virus that started in Wuhan, China in 2019 has been devastating for many individuals and nations. Among the notable effects of the virus are the collapse of world economies and businesses, the pressure on healthcare systems and professionals, a decline in the emotional and physical wellbeing of individuals, unemployment, and the death of hundreds of thousands of people (Nkengasong et al., 2020; Afolabi & Ilesanmi, 2021). In Africa, especially Sub-Saharan Africa, the impact of Covid-19 on the lives of the citizens has been more devastating for several reasons, such as poor healthcare systems, the lack of health professionals, etcetera. (Hotez & Bottazzi, 2020; Dinga, Sinda & Titanji, 2021). Efforts to find a vaccine has yielded results, however, there are questions regarding the safety and public perception of the vaccine (Dinga, Sinda & Titanji, 2021
Vaccines
The impact of COVID-19 vaccination programmes on disease transmission, morbidity and mortality relies heavily on the population’s willingness to accept the vaccine. We explore Ghanaian adult citizens’ vaccine hesitancy attitudes and identify the likelihood of participation or non-participation in the government’s effort to get citizens vaccinated. A fully anonymised cross-sectional online survey of 2345 adult Ghanaians was conducted from 23 to 28 February 2021. Differences in intentions regarding COVID-19 vaccination were explored using Pearson Chi-square tests. Additionally, multinomial logistic regression was used to analyse the factors associated with willingness to receive vaccines. Responses were weighted using the iterative proportional fitting technique to generate a representative sample. About half (51%) of mostly urban adult Ghanaians over 15 years are likely to take the COVID-19 vaccine if made generally available. Almost a fifth (21%) of the respondents were unlikely to ...
Public attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccines in Africa: A systematic review
Journal of Public Health in Africa
As COVID-19 vaccine acquisition and deployment accelerates, tensions also increase. This review aims to identify and understand the significance of population attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccines in Africa. A systematic review was conducted. Searches were conducted in MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, and Global Health databases. Database searches began on June 23, 2021, and the last search date was June 30, 2021. The methodological quality of the studies included in this review was assessed using the Mixed methods appraisal tool. A total of 609 articles were retrieved, and 23 met the eligibility criteria. All 23 included studies were cross-sectional. Three attitudes were identified: acceptance, reluctance, and refusal to be vaccinated. Acceptance of vaccination was motivated by confidence in the accuracy of the government’s response to COVID-19 and the fact that relatives had been diagnosed with or died from COVID-19. Reluctance was based on fear of vaccine quality and side effects, and insuf...
Factors Influencing Intentions and Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccines in Ghana
Ghana Journal of Development Studies
In this study, we examined the perceptions of Ghanaians about COVID-19 vaccines and the factors that may influence their intentions to vaccinate. We conducted an online survey to collect data from 331 Ghanaians, between 22nd March 2021 and 15th April 2021. Descriptive multivariate analyses were performed using STATA version 13. The findings revealed that 45.7% of respondents were reluctant to vaccinate even if the vaccines were available for free. Age, region and residential area were significant predictors of intention to vaccinate. Misinformation, side effects and lack of trust were among some reasons cited for not intending to vaccinate. However, some people were likely to vaccinate when they were encouraged by a trusted community leader. To ensure higher uptake of vaccines, government officials must engage trusted community leaders to increase public education, targeting specific age groups, areas and regions in Ghana.
Research Square (Research Square), 2022
Background Effective elimination of the COVID-19 pandemic is dependent on the COVID-19 vaccines that are readily available and acceptable to the public. This study evaluated the COVID-19 risk perception and factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in Nigeria. Methods A cross-sectional online survey with a structured questionnaire employing a Snowball sampling method was administered among Nigerian adults from the beginning of COVID-19 mass vaccination in March 2021 till December 2021. Data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square and multivariable regression. Participants' general knowledge regarding COVID-19, willingness to accept COVID-19 vaccines, perception of seriousness, susceptibility of COVID-19 were assessed. Results From the 402 responses received, the mean age of the respondents was 35.1 ± 11.9 years, with the majority being males (288 (71.6%)) and non-health workers (349 (86.8%)). Overall, COVID-19 knowledge was good, with a mean score of 6.2 ± 0.19 (range 0-8) and a COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rate of 65.67%. We found a consistent positive relationship between respondents' COVID-19 knowledge and their willingness to accept COVID-19 vaccines. Respondents who believed that the 5G network is not the cause of COVID-19 were two times more likely to receive the COVID-19 vaccine (aOR 2.38; 95%CI 1.05-5.36; p = 0.04). Furthermore, our comparisons of respondents' age groups and marital status revealed higher odds of being willing to accept COVID-19 vaccines among respondents who were age 50 ≥ years old (aOR 7.35; 95% CI: 1.69-31.93; p = 0.008) and those who were singles (aOR 4.39; 95% CI: 1.86-10.33; p = 0.001), respectively. However, non-healthcare workers with high income and educational status were unwilling to accept COVID-19 vaccines. Surprisingly, although 303 (75.4%) of the respondents believed COVID-19 is a severe disease, only 119 (45.1%) are con dent of contracting the COVID-19 should they fail to adhere to infection prevention and control (IPC) measures. Conclusion the study revealed that the intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccine varied across demographic characteristics, level of education, income and employment status, and perceived severity and susceptibility to COVID-19. We recommend continuous public health education on the risk of COVID-19 and the vital role vaccine will play in ending this pandemic. Background 2.2. Ethical permit and consent note The research ethics committee of the Borno State Hospital Services, Ministry of Health, Maiduguri, Nigeria, approved our study protocol (MHSEC/03/2020/00022). The submission of the online answer to the questionnaire was considered as consent to take part in the study. A consent note was not required. 2.3. The Measures The survey instrument used in this study was based on the tool designed by Municipal Public Health Service Rotterdam-Rijnmond (GGD) together with the National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) in the Netherlands [12] with minimal modi cation. Previous studies consulted included [14], course material regarding coronavirus disease outbreaks, including the current COVID-19 pandemic by WHO [15], and guidelines issued by Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) [16]. The questionnaire consisted of four (4) parts: Part one (1). Demographic characteristics of respondents. Participants were asked to report their age, sex, state of residence, occupation, educational level, marital status, household size, income category, and employment status. Part two (2). Knowledge of respondents on COVID-19. This category included eight questions on the cause of COVID-19, transmission, prevention and control, myths, and symptoms. The knowledge questions consisted of dichotomous questions (correct, incorrect
BMC Public Health
Background The COVID-19 vaccines are being rolled out across all the sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries, with countries setting targets for achieving full vaccination rates. The aim of this study was to compare the uptake of, resistance and hesitancy to the COVID-19 vaccine between SSA locally residents and in the diasporan dwellers. Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted using a web and paper-based questionnaire to obtain relevant information on COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. The survey items included questions on demography, uptake and planned acceptance or non-acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccines among SSAs. Multinomial logistic regression was used to determine probabilities of outcomes for factors associated with COVID-19 vaccination resistance and hesitancy among SSA respondents residing within and outside Africa. Results Uptake of COVID-19 vaccines varied among the local (14.2%) and diasporan (25.3%) dwellers. There were more locals (68.1%) who were resistant to COVID...
Vaccines
The COVID-19 pandemic is a severe concern worldwide, particularly in Africa. Vaccines are crucial in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. This scoping review examined existing literature from 2020 to 2022 on individual, interpersonal, and structural barriers and facilitators to COVID-19 vaccination within Africa to facilitate more informed health promotion interventions to improve vaccine uptake. This review was conducted using Arksey and O’Malley’s five-stage methodological framework. A comprehensive search was undertaken from 2021 to 2022 using six electronic databases: EBSCOhost, PubMed, Web of Science, ProQuest, WorldCat Discovery, and Google Scholar. Data was collected, charted into themes, and summarized using a standard data extraction sheet in Microsoft Excel. A total of forty (n = 40) published academic articles were reviewed, with many conducted in Nigeria (n = 10), followed by Ethiopia (n = 5) and Ghana (n = 4) and the rest elsewhere in Africa. Thematic narratives wer...
BackgroundThe rapid development of vaccines in response to the COVID-19 pandemic has provided an effective tool for the management of COVID-19. However, in Africa there has been a poor uptake of COVID-19 vaccines with only 15% vaccine coverage compared to the WHO global target of 70%. One of the important drivers has been vaccine hesitancy, understanding late adopters of vaccination can provide insights into the attitudes, motivations and influences that can enhance vaccine uptake.MethodsBetween January 4 – February 11, 2022, we conducted a survey among adults presenting for their first dose of a COVID-19 vaccine almost 12-months after the vaccination program began. Vaccines were free and provided at clinics and outreach centers in Harare, Zimbabwe. The questionnaire assessed environmental and individual factors (attitudes, barriers, motivations, key influencers, and information sources) that influenced the decision to present for vaccination. Baseline socio-demographic data and res...
Awareness, perceptions and acceptance of the Covid-19 vaccine in South-eastern Nigeria
Journal of Public Health and Development
Effective planning and sustainable implementation of vaccination activities require a good understanding of how much a population is aware, perceives and willing to accept the vaccines. A cross-sectional study was carried out between February 22 to April 14, 2021, which assessed 400 participants to ascertain their level of awareness, perception and acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine in south-eastern Nigeria. Data was collected using a structured pre-tested questionnaire and analysed using IBM-SPSS statistics version 21. The mean age of the participants was 36.15 years. About 4% of the participants had tested positive for COVID-19 and 12.5% had a perceived experience of COVID-19 without a test. Overall, 53.5% of the participants had a positive perception of the COVID-19 vaccine, while 55.5% accepted the COVID-19 vaccine. A significant association was not found between awareness and the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine (X 2 = 1.071, p =0.475). No statistical relationship was establi...