The association between stress and blood pressure in a sample from the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Adults (DEGS1) (original) (raw)
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Harefuah, 2002
Stress has many mental and biological effects. In this review we discuss the cardiovascular effects of mental stress and particularly, the relationship between stress and hypertension. The issues include: physiology, effect on blood pressure, job stress, white coat hypertension and the effect on the treatment of hypertension. This interaction could help us to understand the hypertension associated symptoms and to decide on the appropriate treatment.
Psychosomatic medicine, 2015
The magnitude of the contribution of psychosocial stressors to the development of hypertension remains controversial. Using data from the population-based, nationwide German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Adults, we investigated the relationship between objectively measured and subjectively perceived stressors and blood pressure (BP). The study sample comprised 3352 participants not taking antihypertensive medication, for whom data on stress exposure and resting BP measurements were available. The Trier Inventory for the Assessment of Chronic Stress screening scale (TICS-SSCS) was used as a measurement of self-perceived chronic stress, and work-related stress was assessed using the recently developed occupational Overall Job Index. On the basis of bivariate tests, TICS-SSCS was negatively associated with both systolic (β-coefficient [B] = -0.16, standard error = 0.03, p < .001) and diastolic BP (B = -0.10, standard error = 0.02, p < .001). After adjustment for age...
Study on Stress Related Factors Influencing Hypertension
IJCIRAS, 2019
Hypertension is one of the most common causes of various diseases in the World and major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Mental or psychosocial stress is one of the leading risk factor for hypertension which itself is main causative factor for several cardiovascular diseases. The present study has been undertaken on the 130 clinically diagnosed hypertensive patients visiting multispecialty Hospitals in Ludhiana, Punjab. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures (BP) of the subjects were determined using a mercury sphygmomanometer and the stethoscope. A significant (P<0.01) difference was found with respect to male and female systolic blood pressure, however, non significant for diastolic blood pressure of the subjects. Majority of the male subjects were found to be at Stage I (50.70 per cent) degree of Hypertension (BP 140-159 or/90-99 mm Hg), whereas, majority of the female subjects were Pre hypertensive (54.24 per cent) i.e. BP 120-139 or / 80-89 mmHg. Moreover, a significant (P<0.01) association was found between age and degree of Hypertension of the subjects. 67.60 per cent of male and 45.76 per cent of female subjects were found to live a stressful life. A non significant association was found between various risk factors like stress and sleeping pattern with the degree of hypertension of the subjects.
Association between Stress and Hypertension among Adults More Than 30 Years: A Case-Control Study
National Journal of Community Medicine, 2018
Background: Stress has long been listed as a potential and impor- tant cause of hypertension. Acute stress can induce transient ele- vation of blood pressure. But it is unclear whether stress results in sustained elevation of blood pressure and hypertension. Aims & Objectives: To study the association between hyperten- sion and stress among hypertensive subjects aged above 30 years using perceived stress scale. Material & Methods: Newly diagnosed hypertensive patients aged 30 and above with age and gender matched controls were selected. Sociodemographic variables, history of addiction and physical activity were recorded using predesigned proforma. BMI was calculated for assessing obesity. Stress was assessed using Perceived Stress Scale. Blood pressure was recorded as per JNC- VII criteria. Results: High stress was significantly associated with hypertension. Overweight and obesity, and lack of adequate physical activity were found to be significantly associated with hypertension. These factors were analysed in logistic regression model. Stress was found to be an independent risk factor for hypertension. Conclusion: High stress is significantly associated with hypertension and is an independent risk factor for hypertension.
Evaluation and Comparison of Stress Status between Hypertensive and Normotensive Subjects
https://www.ijhsr.org/IJHSR\_Vol.11\_Issue.11\_Nov2021/IJHSR-Abstract.018.html, 2021
Hypertension is a prevalent life style disease that causes cardiovascular diseases associated mortality worldwide. Being a devastating endemic, hypertension require special emphasis to be studied for its complications and consequences. Existing literatures provide robust evidences of the disastrous effects of hypertension on psychological stress separately, but there are least evidences comparing the same between hypertensive and normotensive adults. This study mainly concentrates on the effect of hypertension on stress levels and its comparison between hypertensive and normotensive individuals. Objective: To identify the differences of stress status among hypertensive and normotensive individuals. Methods: A CASE and a CONTROL group each constituting with a sample of 44 subjects between the age group 25-65 years were recruited in the study. The stress status of the study group was assessed by the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Data were statistically analyzed using SPSS (Version 20.0). Descriptive statistics were presented as frequencies, percentages and mean± S.D. Statistical differences between the stress status of case and control groups were conducted by Independent Sample T-test. Results: Majority (54.5%) of the hypertensive patients belonged to the age group of 56-65 years. The average Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) Scores of the case group were 26.68±6.03 and that of the control group were 10.43±6.57. The differences between the Average PSS scores of the case and control groups were found to be highly statistically significant (P-0.00). Conclusions: Hypertensive cases recruited for the study had moderate and high levels of stress when compared to the normotensive controls of the same age-group (25-65years).
Biobehavioral Reviews, 1977
GALOSY, R. A. AND C. J. GAEBELEIN. Cardiovascular adaptation to environmental stress: its role in the development of hypertension, responsible mechanisms, and hypotheses. BIOBEHAV. REV. 1(3) [165][166][167][168][169][170][171][172][173][174][175] 1977. -The interaction of psychological stresses with organismic susceptibility to disease states has been at least implicitly assumed for many years. Recent emphais on cardiac risk factors has provoked much concern regarding the role of psychological stress in the etiology of cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension. The literature reviewed shows that controlled psycholegical stress has a profound influence on cardiovascular parameters such as arterial blood pressure. Furthermore, there is considerable evidence that the nervous system and renal system are intimately involved in the production of these cardiovascular adjustments. Unfortunately, the research to date has not provided any conclusive evidence which suggests that psychological stress results in chronic cardiovascular pathologies. It is suggested that psychological stress is not both a necessary and sufficient condition for the production of cardiovascular disease. Rather the hypothesis is advanced that an organism must have a physiological predisposition for the pathology before psychological stress will precipitate the disease.
Stress as the Dominant Factor of Hypertension
East Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Research
Hypertension is one of the non-communicable diseases (NCD) which became a major public health problem both in Indonesia and in the world. Data from the Public Health Office of Jambi showed that hypertension rate was 11.33% in 2019, 3.15% in 2020 and 4.00% in 2021. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with the incidence of hypertension at the Paal Lima Public Health Centre of Jambi City. This study used a cross-sectional design with 214 respondents aged ≥ 18 years old selected through accidental sampling. Data were analysed through chi-square test for bivariate analysis and cox regression for multivariate analysis. The prevalence of hypertension in the study was 33.2%. The multivariate analysis indicated that age (aPR= 2.502; 95% CI: 1.302 to 4.809), salt consumption (aPR= 1.799; 95% CI: 1.086 to 2.978), and stress (aPR= 3.963; 95% CI: 2.355 to 6,670) were correlated with the incidence of hypertension. Age, salt consumption, and stress were the risk factor of the inci...
Stress and arterial hypertension - from pathophysiology to pharmacology
Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo, 2021
Currently, arterial hypertension is the most massive chronic non-infectious disease of mankind. It may remain undiagnosed for years, provoking later complications, such as acute heart failure, cerebrovascular stroke, myocardial infarction, renal failure, hypertensive retinopathy, or sudden death. Primary arterial hypertension is more common, while secondary occurs in about 5?20% of cases. The recent studies have shown that stress may be a core factor in the development of essential hypertension in some patients. For the patients suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder, stress is the dominant etiological factor that leads to the disease. It has been proven that chronic stress can affect blood pressure regulation and endocrine-metabolic functions through the limbic-hypothalamic centers; therefore, it can affect the arterial hypertension development. The strong association between stress and arterial hypertension has also been confirmed in preclinical and animal studies. For the ...
These analyses examined the association between blood pressure reactions to acute psychological stress and subsequent hypertension status in a substantial Dutch cohort. Blood pressure was recorded during a resting baseline and during three acute stress tasks, Stroop colour word, mirror tracing and speech. Five years later, diagnosed hypertension status was determined by questionnaire. Participants were 453 (237 women) members of the Dutch Famine Birth Cohort. In analysis adjusting for a number of potential confounders, systolic blood pressure reactivity was positively related to future hypertension. This was the case irrespective of whether reactivity was calculated as the peak or the average response to the stress tasks. The association was strongest for reactions to the speech and Stroop tasks. Diastolic blood pressure reactivity was not significantly associated with hypertension. The results provide support for the reactivity hypothesis.