genotoxic and epigenetic effects of Lead in recycling automotive battery workers (original) (raw)

Mutagenesis, 2014

Abstract

The oxidative damage generated by Lead (Pb) through Fenton- like reactions has been indicated by years as a source of genotoxic damage, it transforms nucleotide structures to its oxidized forms like 8-oxoguanine and other molecules that in- directly may produce 5-hydroxymethylcytocine (5hmC). This DNA damage is recognized by the base excision repair system (BER) in standard conditions. When high Pb exposure occurs, this system has been described as non functional by the inhi- bition of Apurinic Endonuclease 1 (APE1).When the oxidized nucleotides are recognized by the non functional BER system it generates an apurinic site that could be detected by the Comet assay. On the other hand, the effect of the oxidative stress could produce a loss of melthylation marks trough synthesis of 5hmC. The aim of this study was to correlate the blood Pb levels with the DNA damage in a population occupationally exposed, and additionally to scan the behavior of the global epigenetic markers 5-methylcytocine (5mC) and 5hmC. To achieve this, a population of 60 participants were selected and classi ed in two equally sized groups by age and gender. Lifestyle habits and symptoms were included among the variables to be ana- lyzed. Blood samples were taken to measure DNA damage by the alkaline Comet assay. Blood Pb concentration, 5mC and 5hmC was quanti ed by Anodic Stripping Voltammetry and ELISA Assay respectively. We found differences between the exposed and non exposed groups regarding DNA damage, but it indicates a negative relation among damage and Pb levels. Moreover, dose-dependent correlation were not found between Pb levels and DNA damage. Finally, the epigenetic markers 5hmC and 5mC seems not to change among the exposed and non-exposed individuals but interestingly, it shows signi cant differences when controlling by alcohol intake and drinking rate.

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