Inhibition of hepatic neoglucogenesis and glucose-6-phosphatase by aqueous extract ofBauhinia megalandra leaves (original) (raw)
Related papers
Phytotherapy Research, 2005
In intact microsomes, quercetin 3-O-α-(2″-galloyl)rhamnoside (QGR) inhibits glucose-6-phosphatase (G-6-Pase) in a concentration-dependent manner. QGR increased the G-6-Pase Km for glucose-6-phosphate without change in the Vmax. The flavonol did not change the kinetic parameters of disrupted microsomal G-6-Pase or intact or disrupted microsomal G-6-Pase pyrophosphatase (PPase) activity. This result allowed the conclusion that QGR competitively inhibits the glucose-6-phosphate (G-6-P) transporter (T1) without affecting the catalytic subunit or the phosphate/pyrophosphate transporter (T2) of the G-6-Pase system.QGR strongly inhibits the neoglucogenic capacity of rat liver slices incubated in a Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate buffer, supplemented with lactate and oleate saturated albumin.The QGR G-6-Pase inhibition might explain the decrease in the liver slice neoglucogenic capacity and, in turn, could reduce glucose levels in diabetic patients. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
α α-(2″ ″ ″ ″ ″-galloyl)rhamnoside (QGR) inhibits glucose-6-phosphatase (G-6-Pase) in a concentration-dependent manner. QGR increased the G-6-Pase K m for glucose-6-phosphate without change in the V max . The flavonol did not change the kinetic parameters of disrupted microsomal G-6-Pase or intact or disrupted microsomal G-6-Pase pyrophosphatase (PPase) activity. This result allowed the conclusion that QGR competitively inhibits the glucose-6-phosphate (G-6-P) transporter (T1) without affecting the catalytic subunit or the phosphate/pyrophosphate transporter (T2) of the G-6-Pase system. QGR strongly inhibits the neoglucogenic capacity of rat liver slices incubated in a Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate buffer, supplemented with lactate and oleate saturated albumin.
African Journal of Biotechnology, 2014
In diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance, the activity of the enzymes involved in hepatic glucose homeostasis is disturbed. Promoting the physiologic functions of these enzymes and restoring homeostatic control by medicinal plants could be beneficial in the management of diabetes. This study investigates the effects of extract of leaves of Newbouldia laevis on some key enzymes of hepatic glucose metabolism in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in rats by intravenous injection of streptozotocin. Diabetic rats were treated orally with N. laevis extract for four weeks. At the end of the treatment, the activities of hepatic glucokinase and glucose 6-phosphatase were evaluated. Effect of N. laevis extract on glucose 6-phosphatase activity was also assessed in vitro using enzyme obtained from rabbit liver. The levels of hepatic glycogen, pancreatic insulin and serum insulin were also determined. Treatment of diabetic rats with N. laevis extract resulted in a significant increase (P < 0.05) in the activity of hepatic glucokinase when compared with diabetic control. Extract of N. laevis showed significant inhibitory effect against the activity of glucose 6-phosphatase in both in vivo and in vitro studies. The level of hepatic glycogen in treated rats significantly increased (P < 0.05) compared to untreated diabetic rats. Although there was a slight increase in serum and pancreatic insulin levels of treated diabetic rats, the difference was not significant (P > 0.05) when compared to diabetic control. Based on the results of this study, we conclude that N. laevis leaf extract stimulates the activity of hepatic glucokinase and inhibits the activity of glucose 6-phosphatase in streptozotocininduced diabetic rats. It could serve as a good alternative remedy in the management of diabetes mellitus.
Effect Of Ethanolic Extract Of Bauhinia Monandra Leaf On The Liver Of Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rats
The leaf extract of Bauhinia monandra was investigated in the liver of alloxan induced diabetic rats for 8 days. Thirty male albino rats were randomly divided into 6 groups of 5 each. The groups administered with 1g/kg and 2g/kg of B. monandra extract were statistically different from the normal control animals. The treatment of diabetes with 4g/kg on rats showed significant difference on the 1 st and 2 nd days but there were no significant differences from the 3 rd to the 8 th day. Aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase levels dropped in rats administered with 2g/kg and 4g/kg, but there was no significant difference with 1g/kg. Our results demonstrate that extracts of B. monandra showed significant reduction of blood sugar level in diabetic rats as well as hepatoprotective effect on the liver when the extracts were administered in a single dose per day of 1, 2 and 4mg/ kg body weight ip respectively. The extract can therefore be used for the reduction of blood sugar level.
Toxicology International, 2013
Objectives: In the present study we have evaluated the chemopreventive efficacy of Bauhinia purpurea against Diethylnitrosamine (DEN) initiated and 2 Acetylaminofluorine (2-AAF) promoted hepatocarcinogenesis in Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: Efficacy of Bauhinia purpurea against 2-AAF-induced hepatotoxicity was evaluated in terms of biochemical estimation of antioxidant enzyme activities (reduced hepatic GSH, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, catalase, and quinone reductase), histopathological changes and expressions of early tumor markers viz., ornithine decarboxylase activity (ODC) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and also expressions of p53, Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase-3 were evaluated. Results: Oral pretreatment with B. purpurea significantly decreased the levels of serum toxicity markers, elevated antioxidant defense enzyme activities, suppressed the expression of ODC and PCNA and P53 along with the induction of apoptosis in the pretreatment groups. Tumor incidences are reduced by pretreatment of B. purpurea. Histopathological findings revealed that B. purpurea-pretreated groups showed marked recovery. Conclusion: The results support the protective effect of B. purpurea against chemically induced liver cancer and acts possibily by virtue of its antioxidant, antiproliferative, and apoptotic activities.
Asian Journal of Research in Biochemistry, 2018
Characterised by abnormal increase in blood glucose level, Diabetes is a metabolic disorder that is associated with complications in carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism. In recent times, medicinal herbs have been implicated in traditional medical practice for the treatment of this ailment. Studies have shown that Buchholzia coriacea seed possesses some anti-hyperglycemic properties that may be useful in the management of diabetes. To this point, present study investigated theeffect(s) of oral administration of aqueous and ethanol extracts of Buchholzia coriacea on some carbohydrate metabolism parameters in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Forty (40) adult rats of both sexes were randomly assigned into two groups (normoglycemic and hyperglycemic). While group 1 (normoglycemic) had normal control, metformin, aqueous extract (250mg/kg) and ethanol extract (250 mg/kg) treated sub-groups respectively, Group 2 (hyperglycemic) contained the diabetic control, metformin, aqueous extract (250 mg/kg), and ethanol extracted (250mg/kg) treated sub-groups dosed daily by oral gavage for 14 days. At the end of the treatment, rats were euthanized via cervical dislocation; blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture for statistical analysis. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that dosing with extracts had insignificant effect(s) on body weight of rats. Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG) levels were elevated before and after extracts administration. Metformin, aqueous and ethanol extracts significantly reduced (p<0.05) FBG levels. Also, compared with control, total carbohydrate, liver glucose, glycosylated haemoglobin, Lactate Dehydrogenase, Isocitrate dehydrogenase, MDH, SDH, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, G6PD and CcO activities were significantly reduced (p<0.05) in diabetic treated rats. Buccholzia Coriacea was therefore seen to pose hypoglycemic and glycolytic effects, regulating activities of carbohydrate metabolic enzymes. Apparently, there is a scientific merit in the use of the extract in the management of diabetes.
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1995
Intraperitoneal injections of an aqueous extract of winter cherry fruits (Physalis alkekengi) to new-born, weanling and adult female rats and to weanling and adult male rats had no effect on body weight, liver weight and liver cytosoi protein content. The specific activities of hepatic glucose 6-P dehydrogenase (an estrogen induced protein) in rats of different age and sex groups in terms of mU]mg protein were: treated new-born females, 15.9 + 0.5; control, 29.1 + 0.6; treated weanling females, 14.9 + 0.3; control, 24.8 + 0.7; treated adult females, 25.7 _+ 0.5; control, 26.1 + 0.5; treated weanling males, 7.9 _+ 0.2; control, 7.9 + 0.1; treated adult males, 9.6 + 0.4; and control, 9.7 + 0.3. Treatment of new-born and weanling female rats with the extract resulted in 40-45% reduction in hepatic G6PD activity. However, treatment of adult females, and weanling and adult males produced no significant change in the activity of this enzyme. The data are discussed both in terms of the increase in the capacity of rodent liver to metabolize steroidal compounds with age and the presence of low levels of circulating estradioi necessary for enzyme induction in male rats.
Bauhinia forficata Link, Antioxidant, Genoprotective, and Hypoglycemic Activity in a Murine Model
Plants
Bauhinia forficata L. is a tree used in alternative medicine as an anti-diabetic agent, with little scientific information about its pharmacological properties. The hypoglycemic, antioxidant, and genoprotective activities of a methanolic extract of B. forficata leaves and stems combined were investigated in mice treated with streptozotocin (STZ). Secondary metabolites were determined by qualitative phytochemistry. In vitro antioxidant activity was determined by the DPPH method at four concentrations of the extract. The genoprotective activity was evaluated in 3 groups of mice: control, anthracene (10 mg/kg), and anthracene + B. forficata (500 mg/kg) and the presence of micronuclei in peripheral blood was measured for 2 weeks. To determine the hypoglycemic activity, the crude extract was prepared in a suspension and administered (500 mg/kg, i.g.) in previously diabetic mice with STZ (120 mg/kg, i.p.), measuring blood glucose levels every week as well as the animals’ body weight for s...
Hypoglycaemic activity of Bauhinia holophylla through GSK3-β inhibition and glycogenesis activation
Pharmaceutical Biology, 2019
Context: Bauhinia L. species, including Bauhinia holophylla (Bong.) Steud. (Fabaceae), have traditionally been used to treat diabetes. Bauhinia is a complex botanical genus, and the indiscriminate use of the diverse Bauhinia species is reflected in the experimental divergence of their medicinal potential. Objective: The hypoglycaemic and hypolipidaemic effects, molecular mechanism of action and phytochemical properties of an authentic extract of B. holophylla leaves were evaluated. Materials and methods: A phytochemical study of a 70% EtOH extract was performed using FIA-ESI-IT-MS/MS n and HPLC-PAD-ESI-IT-MS. The extract (200 or 400 mg/kg b.w.) was administered for 14 days to streptozotocin-induced diabetic Swiss mice. Glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, blood parameters, gene and protein expression, and the in vivo and in vitro inhibition of intestinal glucosidases were assessed. Results: HPLC-PAD-ESI-IT-MS analysis identified flavonoid derivatives of quercetin, myricetin, luteolin and kaempferol. Treatment with 400 mg/kg of the extract reduced blood glucose (269.0 ± 32.4 mg/dL vs. 468.0 ± 32.2 mg/dL for diabetic animals), improved glucose tolerance, decreased cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and increased the mRNA expression of proteins involved in glucogenesis in the liver and muscle, such as PI3-K/Akt, GS, GSK3-b (ser-9), AMPK and Glut4. The activity of intestinal maltase was inhibited in vitro (IC 50 : 43.0 mg/mL for the extract compared to 516.4 mg/mL for acarbose) and in vivo. Discussion and conclusions: Treatment with B. holophylla was associated with a marked hypoglycaemic effect through the stimulation of glycogenesis and inhibition of gluconeogenesis and intestinal glucose absorption, without increasing basal insulinaemia.