Regrinding large particles from milled grains improves growth performance of pigs (original) (raw)
Related papers
Heat processing of cereals in mash or pellet diets for young pigs
Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2004
The influence of heat processing (HP) of the cereal on performance and component digestibility in piglets fed on diets offered in mash or pellet form was determined. In trial one, there were eight treatments arranged factorially with two cereals (barley or maize), two HP of the cereal (raw or cooked-flaked) and two forms of the diet (mash or pellets). Piglets were fed on the experimental diets from weaning at 22 to 42 days and then on a common pelleted starter diet until 52 days of age. At 42 days, piglets fed on maize-based diets had better feed conversion ratio (1.20 versus 1.41; P < 0.01) than piglets fed on barley-based diets. Heat processing of the cereal improved growth rate at 32 days (0.135 kg per day versus 0.114 kg per day; P < 0.05) but no differences were detected thereafter. Pelleting improved feed conversion at all ages (P < 0.01) but not daily gain. At 52 days of age, the only differences remaining were for daily gain (P < 0.05) between maize and barley diets and for feed conversion (P < 0.001) between pellet and mash diets. Coefficient of total tract apparent digestibility of components were higher for maize than for barley-based diets and were improved by both HP of the cereal and pelleting (P < 0.05). In trial two, the coefficient of ileal apparent digestibility of starch, the volatile fatty acid concentration at the caecum and the pH of the gut content were measured in piglets fed on the mash diets tested in trial one. Starch digestibility tended to improve with HP (0.985 versus 0.977; P < 0.10). Processed cereals gave lower propionic and butyric acid concentrations and higher caecal pH than raw cereals (P < 0.05). In summary, maize diets gave better performance and digestibility than barley diets; HP of the cereal improved digestibility and growth rate only for the first 10 day post-weaning and pelleting of the diet improved digestibility and feed conversion but not growth rate.
Performance of growing pigs fed diets based on by-products of maize and wheat processing
Tropical Animal Health and Production, 2012
Forty-eight crossbred Landrace × Large white pigs with an average body weight of 8.5±0.4 kg and aged 2 months were used to evaluate performance and carcass characteristics of pigs fed two diets in which bran from maize or wheat was used as the energy source. A third diet based on whole maize grain was used as a control. Animals in groups of four, balanced for litter, sex and weight were allotted to dietary treatments in a completely randomised design with four replications. Data were collected on feed intake and weight gain for a period of 4 months. A digestibility trial was carried at the end of the feeding trial using two male pigs per treatment while six pigs per treatment were randomly selected for slaughter to determine carcass characteristics. Daily gain averaged 0.23, 0.31 and 0.13 kg/ day, for pigs fed maize bran, wheat bran and whole maize diets, respectively. Average feed intake and final body weight were significantly (P < 0.05) affected by diets. Digestibility of dry matter, crude fibre and calcium were higher (P<0.05) for pigs fed maize bran while crude protein digestibility was highest (P<0.05) for the pigs fed wheat bran. There were significant differences (P<0.05) between the diets in carcass yield, ham, head, trotters and heart weights and also for rib weight, rib eye muscle and other tissues. This study indicates that comparable performance of growing pigs fed cereal bran and full-grain diets are real.
Particle size and heat treatment of barley in diets for early-weaned piglets
Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2000
One hundred and twenty male piglets weaned at 20 days and weighing 5.7AE1.0 kg were used in a 28-day trial to evaluate the effect of dietary particle size and heat treatment of barley on performance and total tract apparent digestibility. There were four dietary treatments: coarsely ground barley (4.5 mm screen); ®nely ground barley (2.5 mm screen); micronized and then ®nely ground barley (2.5 mm screen); and ®nely ground (2.5 mm screen) and then expanded barley. All the diets contained 500 g of barley issued from the same batch/kg. There were six replicates of ®ve piglets per treatment. Total tract apparent digestibility of organic matter (OMD), energy (ED) and crude protein (CPD) were assessed from samples taken at 14 and 28 days from each replicate using chromic oxide as indigestible marker. No differences were found between results associated with screen sizes in the raw barley-based diets. Processing of barley caused an increase in starch gelatinization, a decrease in the proportion of large particles (>1.25 mm) and an increase in the proportion of ®ne particles (<0.16 mm; p<0.05), as compared with unprocessed barley. Piglets fed processed barley-based diets grew faster than piglets fed raw barley-based diets only in the ®rst 14 days of experiment (232 vs. 204 g per day; p0.04). Feed conversion was not modi®ed by barley processing. Processed barley-based diets showed higher values for OMD, ED and CPD than raw barley-based diets, but only the difference for OMD approached signi®cance (0.817 vs. 0.784; p0.07). It is concluded that processing of barley improved piglet performance in the ®rst 14 days post-weaning, and that no differences exist between processing techniques or grinding size of barley for any of the traits studied. #
Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 2012
The effects of sorghum distillers dried grains with solubles (sorghum-DDGS) in growing pig diets on growth performance and carcass quality were investigated. A total of 204 animals of 13.9 ± 2.60 kg body weight (BW) were allocated into two dietary treatments, a conventional diet (C) and a diet containing sorghum-DDGS (DDGS). DDGS inclusion levels used were 150 g kg-1 in pigs from 14-40 kg BW, 300 g kg-1 from 40-80 kg BW and 350 g kg-1 from 80 kg BW to slaughter. Animals' body weight, feed intake, backfat thickness (BF) and loin depth (LD) were measured throughout the study. Protein, fibre and fat content of sorghum-DDGS were approximately three times-fold those of the whole grain. During the nursery period, feed intake and final BW tended to be lower in the group of pigs fed DDGS compared to the piglets fed C diet (871.4 g d-1 and 30 kg vs 951.1 g d-1 and 31 kg). During the growing period no differences were found on growth performance between treatments. Pigs fed sorghum-DDGS showed higher BF than pigs fed C diet (10.96 mm vs 9.80 mm, p < 0.001). No differences were found on LD and carcass weight and yield between treatments. Thus, although 150 g kg-1 of sorghum-DDGS in nursery diets tended to reduce growth performance, inclusion rates up to 300-350 g kg-1 during the finishing phase did not affect it, but led to fatter carcasses.
The use of maize distiller's dried grains with solubles in pig diets
Pig news and information, 2004
Increasing quantities of maize distiller's dried grains with solubles (DDGS) are being produced in the USA, and the nutritional value of "new generation" DDGS for pigs is much improved compared to traditional DDGS sources in the dry mill ethanol industry. Results from recent studies indicate that "new generation" DDGS is higher in digestible and metabolizable energy, apparent digestible amino acids, and available phosphorus than published values. Satisfactory growth performance is obtained when feeding up to 25% DDGS in nursery diets, provided that pigs weigh at least 7 kg and diets are formulated on a digestible amino acid basis. When grow-finish diets are formulated on a total lysine basis and contain more than 10% DDGS, growth performance may be reduced. The relatively high oil content of DDGS may reduce pork fat quality at increasing levels of the diet. Sows can be fed diets containing up to 50%
Report prepared for …, 2009
A total of 864 male growers (Large White x Landrace, PrimeGro™ genetics) were selected at 10 weeks of age and housed in group pens of 18 pigs per pen. Pigs were selected over a six week period, 8 pens per week with a start weight of 24.42 ± 0.11 kg (mean ± SE). Within replicate, pens were randomly assigned to a 2 x 2 factorial experiment, with the respective factors being hammer mill screen size (2 mm and 3 mm) and the predominate grain source in the diet (wheat or sorghum).
Effects of Corn Milling Type on Physical Characteristics and Dustiness of Swine Diets
Transactions of the ASABE, 2007
Twenty samples of two commercial feedstuffs, one for fattening pigs and one for pregnant sows, half of them containing hammer-mill ground corn and the other half containing roller-mill ground corn, were analyzed under laboratory conditions to determine the effect of milled corn, as the main ingredient in swine diets, on the mean particle size, standard deviation, apparent density, and stability ratio of emitted dust. Higher levels of respirable dust were recorded from roller-milled diets than from hammer-milled diets. Persistently high dust concentrations were recorded throughout the period of observation for both mixtures of roller-milled feedstuffs, particularly the pregnant sow diet, which was characterized by high corn percentages. The type of formulation influenced the mean particle size, standard deviation, and apparent density. The type of corn milling significantly influenced mean particle size, standard deviation, and feedstuff stability. It can be concluded that although roller-milling of corn can have a positive effect on feed digestibility, as widely reported in the literature, large amounts included in the diet can reduce the quality of air inside piggeries, with higher levels of fine particulate matter.