Reproductive and productive performances of crossbred Andaman local pigs under small holder production system at Bay Islands, India (original) (raw)
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The effect of dietary supplementation of zinc (Zn) on growth and reproduction performances, thyroid hormones and globulin level was investigated in the present study. Gilts (24; average body weight 20.65±1.72 kg) were randomly assigned into 3 groups (8 animals / group) receiving a basal diet and were supplemented for 120 days with (i) 100 mg/ kg of Zn (CON); (ii) 100 mg/kg of Zn along with calcium carbonate (1.5% of dry matter of diet, to induce Zn deficiency) (DEF), or (iii) 500 mg/kg of Zn (FOR). Serum Zn level increased in FOR-fed animals, and decreased in DEF-fed compared to CON-fed. Further, DEF-fed animals developed clinical symptoms of parakeratosis. Serum Cu level was not found affected. FOR-feeding promoted tri-iodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) levels compared to CON-feeding. It also led to higher serum gamma globulin level. A reverse trend to FOR-feeding was observed in DEF-fed animals with respect to T3, T4 and γ globulin level. Better feed conversion efficiency (FCE) and higher average daily gain (ADG) was also observed with FOR-feeding. Early puberty was attained in FOR-fed animals as compared to DEF- and CON-fed. The present study suggested that dietary supplementation of Zn at 500 mg/kg level in grower pigs might help in attaining early puberty, better growth performances, improved thyroid functions and better general health.
Journal of Animal Science, 2014
Zinc is the trace element involved in more biological functions than any other micromineral in the nutrition of the newly weaned pig. Its role in growth via protein synthesis and antioxidant defense makes it a key nutrient in the diet of the newly weaned nursery pig for maximum lean tissue growth and health. In this study, 500 pigs (5 pigs/pen) were weaned at approximately 18 d of age and fed 0, 25, 50, 75, or 100 mg/kg of Zn supplied as organic or inorganic Zn or 50 mg Zn/kg combination with 50% Zn from each source. Pigs were killed at 0, 10, and 35 d of the study to determine mineral tissue concentrations and antioxidant activity in the liver and the amount of metallothionein (MT) protein in the liver, duodenum, and jejunum. Growth performance did not differ for the pigs supplemented with Zn but were greater than those fed the basal diet with no added Zn (P ≤ 0.05). Hepatic Zn concentration was numerically maximized with 75 mg/kg of organic Zn, but 100 mg/kg of Zn of inorganic Zn was necessary to achieve a similar concentration. At d 10, Mn superoxide dismutase in pigs fed no supplemental Zn was lower than when pigs were fed organic Zn (P ≤ 0.05). Hepatic MT responded in a linear manner with organic Zn (P ≤ 0.01) and pigs fed the basal diet had less than those supplemented with Zn (P ≤ 0.01). Duodenal MT was greater at d 10 with organic Zn (P ≤ 0.01) than pigs fed the basal diet, and at d 35, there was a linear response to both organic and inorganic Zn (P ≤ 0.01). As expected, jejunal MT was reduced compared to this protein in the duodenum. The provision of Zn at 50 mg/kg from either source resulted in greater jejunal MT than when Zn was fed as a combination of both sources at the same concentration (P ≤ 0.05). Our data indicate that the needs of the nursery pig, that is, Zn requirements for health and wellbeing, have changed since the data used to establish the 2012 Nutrient Requirements of Swine (NRC, 2012) was published. Organic minerals are shown in this study to be managed biologically in a different manner than inorganic Zn (sulfate) in the young pig. The newly weaned pig, while changing nutritional sources and physical environments, has extremely high biological demand for antioxidant defense. Our data show that to maximize growth, health, and well-being, 75 mg/kg of organic Zn in a complex nursery diet benefits today's fast growing pigs with a very high lean tissue composition.
Effect of Zinc Source and Level on Growth Performance and Zinc Status of Weaned Piglets
Animals
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of zinc (Zn) supplementation in different commercial forms on the growth performance, health status, and Zn balance of weaners in field conditions. The animals were fed pre-starter (from the 28th to 47th day of life) and starter (from the 48th to 74th day of life) mixtures differing in Zn form and concentration. Group I was given ZnSO4 at 150 mg kg−1; Group II received pre-starter zinc oxide (ZnO) at 3000 mg kg−1 and starter at 150 mg kg−1; and Group III was given 150 mg kg−1 of zinc oxide nanoparticles (nZnO). We found that the average daily gain in Group I was significantly lower, compared to Groups II and III. A commonly accepted level of Zn (150 mg kg−1) as nZnO can be recommended, instead of therapeutic doses of Zn preparations with the same efficiency. Moreover, a lower level of Zn in the diet can prevent the excessive accumulation of this element in waste and, thus, reduce environmental damage.
Performance of crossbred pigs reared under traditional and scientific feeding practices in Goa
Chakurkar, E.B., Naik, P.K., Swain, B.K. and Singh, N.P. 2014. Performance of crossbred pigs reared under traditional and scientific feeding practices in Goa. Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, An experiment was conducted to study the performance of the 50% crossbred (Goa Local x Large White Yorkshire) piglets under field under different traditional and scientific feeding practices in Goa. Twelve 50% crossbred castrated male piglets were divided into four groups of three piglets in each. Randomly, one group was maintained under scientific feeding practices (T s ). The other three groups were distributed to three pig farmers maintaining their units under different traditional feeding practices i.e. bakery waste (T BW ), kitchen waste (T KW ) and cooked poultry offal + wheat bran (T PO+WB ) based feeds. Among the traditional feeding practices groups, the CP content of the T PO+WB (36.15%) was higher (P<0.05) than the T BW (9.69%) and T KW (14.49%). The EE content in T PO+WB (21.85%) was highest among all the feeds. The CF content of the T BW (4.14) and T KW (4.40) was similar (P>0.05) with the T s (4.97), but lower (P<0.05) than the T PO+WB (15.22). The daily BW gain of T PO+WB (237.77 g) was higher (P<0.05) than the T BW (112.89g) and T KW (111.33g), but lower than the T s group (308.44g). It was concluded that traditional feeding practices have to be developed based on the nutritive value for the existing feed resources and increasing pig production.
A Study on Effect of Anti Toxic Nutrient (ATN) in productive and reproductive performance of pigs
2015
The aim of the study was to investigate the influences of supplementation of dietary inclusion of Anti Toxic Nutrient (ATN) to the normal concentrate feed and to study the production and reproduction performances of pig maintained at institute farm of ICAR-National Research Centre on Pig, Rani, Guwahati, Assam by supplementing the Anti Toxic Nutrient (ATN) @ 0.3% in their normal feed. The animals were maintained in the standard management conditions with regard to breeding, feeding, housing and health care. The aim of the study is to find out the survivability, body weight gain, growth rate and age at puberty of Crossbred (Crosses between Hampshire and Ghungroo), Duroc and Hampshire piglets under the hot and humid climatic condition of Assam. The ATN was provided from 17-A, Chinar Drive, DLF Farms, Chattarpur, New Delhi-110074, India. The Least Square analysis of variance revealed highly significant (P<0.01) effect of body weight gain from 16 week to 21 week of the experiment and...
Journal of animal science, 2005
Two 28-d randomized complete block design experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of concentrations and sources of Zn on growth performance of nursery pigs. Seven stations participated in Exp. 1, which evaluated the efficacy of replacing 2,500 ppm of Zn from ZnO with 125, 250, or 500 ppm of Zn from Zn methionine. A control diet with 125 ppm of supplemental Zn was included at all stations. A total of 615 pigs were used in 26 replicates. Average weaning age was 20.6 d and the average initial BW was 6.3 kg. There were no differences in any growth response among the three supplemental Zn methionine levels fed in Exp. 1. Zinc supplementation from Zn methionine improved ADG compared with the control during all phases (P < 0.05), due primarily to an increase in ADFI. Pigs fed 2,500 ppm of Zn from ZnO gained faster (P < 0.01) than those fed the control diet during all phases, and faster (P < 0.05) than those fed supplemental Zn from Zn methionine for the 28-d experiment....
Performance of nursery pigs fed diets with coated or potentiated zinc oxide
Philippine Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 2017
A 30-d experiment was carried out to compare the effects of two zinc oxide sources on performance of nursery pigs. Four hundred sixty-one mixed-sex weanling pigs (5.34 ± 0.16 kg) were randomly allotted to two dietary treatments. Pigs were fed basal diet added with either 500 g/ton coated zinc oxide (cZnO) or 300 g/ton potentiated zinc oxide (pZnO). Each treatment was replicated three times with 76-77 pigs per replicate. Weighing was done three times at 15-d interval. Average daily gain of pigs fed diets supplemented with pZnO tend to be higher than those fed diets supplemented with cZnO at d 1-15 (0.16 vs 0.11 kg; p=0.09), d 16-30 (0.53 vs .41 kg; p=0.05), and at d 1-30 (0.34 vs 0.26 kg; p=0.06). There were no differences on ADFI (p=0.43) for each feeding phase and for the overall period. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) at d 1-15 did not differ between treatments (p=0.12), but pigs fed diets with pZnO improved by 22.07% at d 16-30 (1.73 vs 2.22; p=0.07) and for the overall period by 25....
Effect of dietary zinc levels on health and productivity of gilts and sows through two parities
Journal of animal science, 1983
The influence of 0, 50, 500 or 5,000 ppm supplemental Zn on productive characteristics, weight change, and serum and organ mineral concentrations of 60 crossbred and purebred Yorkshire gilts was evaluated. Gilts were fed their respective treatment from 30 kg body weight until the completion of two parities. Sows fed 5,000 ppm supplemental Zn weighed significantly less than sows from the other treatments when killed. Serum alkaline phosphatase activity was higher for the sows fed the highest level of Zn in all replications at 10 and 14 mo of age than for sows from the other treatments. Sows fed 0, 50 or 500 ppm had lower serum Zn and higher serum Cu concentrations than sows fed 5,000 ppm Zn at 10 and 14 mo of age. The number of pigs farrowed (total and live) and birth weight were not affected by dam's dietary treatment. However, sows receiving no additional Zn had a higher number of abnormal pigs/litter than sows on the other treatments. Sows fed 5,000 ppm additional Zn weaned fe...
Indian Journal of Animal Research, 2015
Landrace x Duroc crossbred intact male pigs (n=24) weighing between 11.05 to 11.35kg and aged 7.5 to 8.0 weeks were assigned to four treatments groups (A, B, C and D) by a complete randomized design. A common grower diet was supplemented with ZnO at 100 (A,control), 1000 (B), 1500 (C) and 2000mg/kg (D), and fed to the animals ad libitum for 10 weeks.Their feed intake, weight gainand feed: gain, packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin concentration (Hb), red blood cell count (RBC), total white blood cell (TWBC),differential white blood cell (DWBC) and insulin profile were determined. There were no significant(P > 0.05) differences indailyfeed intake,feed: gain and in most haematological parameters investigated.Lymphocyte count was significantly (P < 0.05) higher amongthe groups fed high ZnO supplemented diet. A dose dependent increase in insulin profile was observed.Growth performancewas best at inclusion rate of 1000mg/kg of ZnO.