Growth stimulation effects of smoke-water and vermicompost leachate on greenhouse grown-tissue-cultured ‘Williams’ bananas (original) (raw)
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Effect of Planting Materials and Sources of Nutrients on Growth, Yield and Quality of Banana
Acta scientific agriculture, 2024
The organic nutrient is considered an excellent soil amendment for soil quality and productivity and is more eco-friendly than chemical fertilizers. Improved banana propagation techniques, such as corm and tissue culture, increase banana production and quality more than traditional methods. The present study was undertaken to determine the performance of planting materials and organic and inorganic sources of nutrients on the growth, yield, and quality of banana. The two factors experiment consisted of two planting materials of banana, tissue culture plantlet (P 1), corm (P 2), and sources of nutrients; cowdung (M 1), vermicompost (M 2), spent mushroom compost (M 3) and inorganic fertilizers (M 4); which were outlined in a randomized Complete Block design with 3 replications. The banana plants propagated through corm demonstrated superior yield and quality characteristics. Furthermore, vermicompost is the most effective nutrient source, enhancing yield and quality parameters of banana. Maximum number of fingers (150.7), yield/plant (22.45 kg), total soluble solid (23.11) reducing sugar (17.38%), and total sugar (26.96%) were found in P 2 M 2 treatment. In view of overall performance, this study suggests that corm as a planting material and vermicompost as a potential source of nutrients for banana production.
Banana/plantain fruit waste (PFW), sawdust (SD ), poultry manure (PM) and topsoil (TS) were utilized in the formulation of nursery media. Five nursery media including PFW:SD:PM (2:2:2), PFW:SD (3:3), SD:PM (3:3), TS:PM (3:3) and PFW:SD:TS:PM (1 %:1%:1%:1 %) were composted and compared alongside unamended topsoil (as control) on the growth and dry matter yield (DMY) of banana plantlets. The experiment was laid-out in a completely randomized design of ten replications. Physicochemical characterization of the media revealed variations in N, P, K, Ca, Mg, organic matter content and some micronutrients. Also, there were differences in porosity and bulk density of the media. Growth and DMY of banana plantlets tested in these media varied significantly (p < 0.05). Plantlets raised in PFW:SD:PM had the best growth. Whole-plant DMY was highest in TS:PM (26.4 g) and PFW:SD:PM (25.5 g), followed by SD:PM (18.6 g) and PFW:SD:TS:PM (18.1 g), whereas the poorest growth and DMY were recorded in plantlets raised in PFW"SD (9.4 g) and unamended topsoil (9.5 g). Dry matter partitioning pattern was similar in most media except the control plants that partitioned greater proportion of dry matter to underground plant components. Positive and significant relationships (R2 = 0. 71) existed between plant growth parameters, organic matter and Mg contents of the media. Observed variability in growth and DMY was probably due to the variable physicochemical attributes of the nursery media. Results from the study support the use of soilless organic materials in nursery media formulations to conserve agricultural soils. Key words: Plantain waste; nursery media; sucker plantlets.
‘Dwarf Cavendish’ is the most common banana cultivar in Pakistan, but plans are under way to introduce internationally available cultivars such as ‘Grand Naine’ into Pakistan. The use of different substrates for acclimatization of in vitro plantlets was studied. In vitro plantlets with good shoot-root system were transferred to the greenhouse onto seven different soil types and their combinations as substrates. These were river silt, black sand (commonly used in nurseries in Pakistan), clay, desert sand, hill sand, sugar cane compost, and sugar mill soil residues. Obtained results indicated that river silt and its combinations with desert sand (1:1 and 2:1, respectively) are better substrates. The survival percentage on inorganic substrates after one month of culture was 100%. In addition, acclimatized bananas were growing much better on the soil mixture of river silt and desert sand at a ratio of 2:1. The recorded vegetative data of plants grown on these two substrates were: plant length above soil surface 8, 12 cm; number of leaves 4, 4; second leaf length 10, 13 cm; leaf width 5, 7 cm; stem thickness 0.9, 1.2 cm; number of roots 20, 15; and roots length 18, 29 cm, respectively. Most likely, the addition of desert sand resulted in better aeration to allow more vigorous growth of the root system compared to pure silt. Other substrates such as sugar mill soil residues and sugar cane compost had 0% survival. The addition of sand did not increase the survival percentage except in the mixture of sugar mill residue and desert sand at ratio 1:1, where the survival percentage was 80%. Eventually, using local nutrient-rich soil substrates like river Indus silt could be of additional benefit on the acclimatization of in vitro cultivated bananas. Acclimatized plants of ‘Grand Naine’ cultivar were successfully transferred to open field and produced an average of 38 kg/bunch as compared to 12 kg obtained from common ‘Dwarf Cavendish’ (Basrai). The results of this study will help to reduce costs for in vitro banana production in Pakistan.
Environmental Sustainability
Organic bio-slurry soil amendments' effect on soil chemical properties and the growth traits of tissue culture banana (TCB) were studied from 2017 to 2020 at Uganda Martyrs University Farm. Mpologoma and Kibuzi banana cultivars of the AAB East Africa Highland cultivar were treated with NPK fertilizer and two bio-slurries at different rates. Treatments included the control (CNTRL), 3810 L/ha banana bio-slurry (BBS1), 7620 L/ha banana bio-slurry (BBS2), 11,430 L/ha banana bio-slurry (BBS3), 3810 L/ha cow dung bio-slurry (CDBS1), 7620 L/ha cow dung bio-slurry (CDBS2), 11,430 L/ha cow dung bio-slurry (CDBS3) and 300 kg/ha NPK. The soil was analyzed for variations in pH, nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), potassium (K) and organic matter (OM) at different depths. The growth parameters of TCB were recorded months after planting (MAP). Soil amended with 11,430 L/ha bio-slurry had high potassium, nitrogen, and organic matter contents for the three soil sampling depths (0-8, 8-16, 16-32 cm), and soils amended with CDBS had higher K, N and OM contents than those amended with BBS. The Soils amended with CDBS3 recorded the maximum pseudostem girth and the number of suckers for both cultivars. Soils amended with BBS3 recorded the highest total number of leaves for the Mpologoma cultivar. The interaction effect of the bio-slurry on the variation of stem girth and height, the number of suckers, and the total number of leaves at 12 MAP for Mpologoma and Kibuzi cultivars was significant (p < 0.05). The banana cultivar and the bio-slurry interaction significantly (p < 0.05) affected the number of clusters per bunch, the number of fingers per cluster, the weight of the bunch (kg) and weight per cluster (kg). Amending soils with 11,430 L/ha of banana and 11,430 L/ ha of cow dung bio-slurries provides the soil with sustainable nutrients for TCB growth up to 12 MAP and sustainable environmental health in the long run.
Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science
To determine the effect of Organic-based Fortified Foliar Fertilizer (OFF) on the growth and yield of ‘Lakatan’ banana, this study was conducted at the University of Southeastern Philippines, Tagum – Mabini Campus, Mabini Unit, Mampising, Mabini, Compostela Valley Province, from December 2015 to March 2016. The experiment was laid out in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with six treatments replicated three times. The treatments were: T1- control; T2- Recommended Rate of NPK fertilizer/ha; T3 - ½ RR of NPK/ha; T4 –Organic-based Fortified Foliar fertilizer (OFF) at 100 ml/16 liters of water; T5 - ½ RR of NPK + OFF; and T6 - RR of NPK + OFF. Results showed that no significant effects were observed in terms of the plant height at 15, 30, 45 days after application (DAA), pseudostem girth at 15, 30, 45 DAA, and number of hands per bunch. However, significant differences were obtained in the number of leaves, number of fingers per bunch, fruit weight (kg) and yield (tons/ha) of ...
Impact of biofertigation on growth and yield of banana cv. Ney poovan
International Journal of Chemical Studies, 2018
Banana requires large amounts of chemical fertilizers which are costly and can be hazardous to the environments when used excessively. Application of bioinoculants along with commercially available fertilizers in crop production can play a vital role in biological nitrogen fixation, synthesis of phytohormones, mineralization and release of nutrients when crop required at appropriate growth stages, nutrient use efficiency and minimum deleterious effects on soil fertility. A field experiment was conducted to gain information on the efficacy of bioinoculants along with commercial fertilizers on growth and yield of banana cv. Ney Poovan. The results revealed that among the different treatments, 100 % RDF along with Azospirillun and Pseudomonas fluorescens through fertigation followed by the treatment received 100 % RDF along with Azospirillun and Bacillus subtilis through fertigation recorded better values for growth and yield characteristics. Hence, the application of required nutrient...
Academia Journal of Agricultural Research, 2015
The efficacy of co-inoculation of microbiological products and combining them with a chemical stimulant in enhancing survival and growth of tissue culture banana under different soil conditions was investigated in the greenhouse. Tissue cultured banana (Gros Mitchel cv.) was inoculated with products containing Bacillus spp., arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), Trichoderma harzianum, Myconate (chemical stimulant) and their combinations. Two soil types (Rhodic Ferralsol and Vertisol) were used at the hardening and potting phases and inoculation of plants was done at both phases. Plant growth was assessed at an interval of two weeks. Destructive harvesting was done and mycorrhizal colonization, root and shoot biomass and shoot nutrient uptake were assessed at the end of nursery phase. The effect of the products on the measured parameters depended on soil type with Vertisol being most receptive to inoculation. The combination of Bacillus spp. with AMF or Myconate or T. harzianum in the ...
2021
The present study investigates plant growth and nitrogen accumulation assessment of young banana plant (Musa acuminata) after exposure to hydroquinone (a mutagen) in a charcoal-ultisol mix. Charcoal was obtained from the wood of Pentaclethra macrophylla aerobically, and was crushed into a smooth powdered form. This was mixed with an ultisol obtained from the University of Benin Botanic garden. Different levels of the soil-charcoal mix were prepared as follows; 100% charcoal, 75% charcoal-25% soil, 50% charcoal-50% soil, 25% charcoal- 75% soil, and 100% sand. The charcoal-ultisol mix was then amended with 5ppm hydroquinone one week before propagating young banana suckers. Results showed that sprouting began fifteen days after propagation. There were also different changes in plant height in the various soil treatments; the lowest was reported in the 75-25 charcoal ultisol mix (10.50cm), compared to 45.83cm in plants sown in 100% charcoals. Foliar yield was lowest in the 75-25 charcoa...
Advances in Research
An investigation was carried out at the College of Agriculture, Trivandrum, Kerala, India to evaluate the suitability of an organic fertilizer produced by rapid chemical decomposition of organic waste as a substitute for farmyard manure for banana cultivation with reference to its effects on soil properties, nutrient availability and dry matter production. A field experiment for 11 months duration was conducted in banana (Musa spp. variety Nendran) in Randomized Block Design with eight treatments with three replications. The treatments were selected to compare conventional farmyard manure based and soil test based fertilizer recommendations with those of the newly produced rapid organic fertilizer. Treatments to study the combined effect were also included. Fertilizers were applied basally and in six split doses in accordance with the recommended package of practices. The fresh weight of the pseudostem, leaves, fruits and rhizome were recorded at harvest and dry Original Research Article matter production computed after oven drying the samples. The study revealed that the substitution of farmyard manure with rapid organic fertilizer imparted a better buffering action to soil with only 51.43% decline in pH, without significant changes in electrical conductivity and ensured a steady supply of major nutrients during the active growth stages of the crop. Total and fruit dry matter production also differed significantly. Hence it can be inferred th rapid thermochemical decomposition of solid wastes can substitute farmyard manure for banana cultivation.