Cellular and humoral responses in liver of cattle and buffaloes infected with a single dose of Fasciola gigantica (original) (raw)
Related papers
T cell subset involvement in immune responses to Fasciola hepatica infection in cattle
Parasite Immunology, 1999
The lymphocyte response to F. hepatica during a primary infection in cattle was analysed to define the role of T cell subsets in the immune response. Blood lymphocytes were isolated from eight cattle infected with F. hepatica via trickle infection over a ten-day period and from two non-infected controls. CD4 þ , CD8 þ and gd þ T cells were depleted from whole lymphocyte populations by magnetic bead depletion.
Journal of Veterinary Science, 2005
This study investigated the presence of cytokines interferon (IFN)-gamma, interleukins (IL)-6 and-8 in serum of cattle and buffaloes infected with Fasciola gigantica from one to 16 weeks post-infection to determine their T cell response during infection. The concentration of these cytokines was determined by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). No IFN-gamma was detected in these animals while IL-6 was elevated from one to 16 weeks postinfection. Levels of IL-8 were also elevated in infected buffaloes from one to 16 weeks post-infection. A predominantly T helper (Th) 2 response which started early in the infection was apparently present in cattle and buffaloes in this study which was characterised by IL-6. IL-8 production could be another mechanism of immune response in buffaloes during infection with F. gigantica.
Veterinary Parasitology, 2006
This study investigated the immunoglobulin isotype responses of sheep and cattle chronically infected with Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica to adult F. hepatica excretory/secretory products (Fh-ES) or F. gigantica excretory/secretory products (Fg-ES), respectively. An antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Ab-ELISA) was used to determine serum antibody (total Ig, IgG 1 , IgM, IgG 2 and IgA) responses. At necropsy, the mean number of flukes recovered was lower in cattle than in sheep. All F. hepatica and F. gigantica infected sheep and cattle showed an increased total Ig levels from 3 to 4 weeks post-infection (wpi). Among isotypes IgG 1 was most dominant while IgM was the earliest (2 wpi) to be detected in both sheep and cattle infected with both F. hepatica and F. gigantica animals. IgG 2 response was early (2 wpi) in sheep infected by F. hepatica but there was no response in sheep infected with F. gigantica. There was a late and strong IgG 2 response in cattle infected with both flukes. The IgA isotype showed an early and a clear biphasic response in sheep with F. hepatica but was less pronounced in F. gigantica infected sheep. While IgA response to Fh-ES was noticed 5 wpi in F. hepatica infected cattle, it appeared much later (21 wpi) in those infected with F. gigantica. The dominance of IgG 1 isotype in infected sheep and cattle suggest an associated Th2 response. This early response to adult Fasciola spp. ES antigen suggests an early exposure to the antigen presumably through the cross-reacting ES products of juvenile flukes. There is clearly difference in IgG 2 isotype response in cattle (resistant) compared to sheep (susceptible). The late IgG 2 response in cattle may suggest late Th1 involvement in bovine cellular responses to adult Fh-ES/Fg-ES.
Local immune responses in colon from cattle infected with Fasciola hepatica
International Journal for Parasitology, 1998
Colonic mucosae isolated from eight Charolais heifers 03 weeks after oral infection with Fasciola hepatica met! acercariae were voltage clamped in Ussing chambers[ Antigen challenge provoked a rapid!onset\ inward short circuit current in infected but not in control tissue preparations[ Chloride secretion accounted for part of the response as the loop diuretic bumetanide attenuated the response to antigen by 78)[ The bacterial cell wall component n!formyl! methionyl!leucyl!phenylalanine induced a similar response to antigen and partly desensitised tissues to subsequent antigen challenge\ consistent with the involvement of immunocytes in the response to antigen[ Infection induced an elevation in the number of tissue eosinophils compared with control colon[ Þ 0887 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd on behalf of the Australian Society for Parasitology[ All rights reserved[ Keywords] Bovine^Colon^Ion transport^Eosinophil^Type I hypersensitivity^Fasciola hepatica Corresponding author[ Tel] 242!0!695!0446^Fax] 242!0!158! 1638^e!mail] abairdÝmacollamh[ucd[ie[
Veterinary Research, 2021
The immunomodulatory capacity of F. hepatica antigens is probably one of the main reasons for the development of a driven non-protective Th2 immune response. In this study, we analysed the cellular response of hepatic lymph node cells and CD4 + T cells in terms of proliferative response, efficiency of antigen presentation and cytokine production, to F. hepatica -derived molecules, at early and late stages of the infection. Thirty-one sheep were allocated into five groups and were slaughtered at 16 dpi and 23 wpi. In order to analyse antigen-specific response, the following F. hepatica recombinant molecules were used: rFhCL1, rFhCL2, rFhCL3, rFhCB1, rFhCB2, rFhCB3, rFhStf-1, rFhStf-2, rFhStf-3 and rFhKT1. A cell proliferation assay using hepatic lymph node cells and an antigen presentation cell assay using CD4 + T cells were performed. At 16 dpi, all molecules but rFhStf-2 and rFhKT1 elicited a significant cell proliferative response on hepatic lymph node cells of infected animals. A...
Veterinary Parasitology, 2013
The role of interleukin IL-4, IL-10 and interferon gamma cytokines on natural Fasciola hepatica infection was investigated by quantifying the mRNA levels in liver tissue from chronically infected cattle. IL-4 and IL-10 had higher expression relative to interferon gamma in the liver tissue of infected animals when compared with the control group. The higher levels of IL-10 and IL-4 observed in the present study suggest a synergism between these cytokines, as well as involvement in the suppression of TH1 cell responses and a consequent induction of decreased interferon gamma expression in chronic cattle fascioliasis. The cytokine ratios were positively correlated, indicating a predominance of IL-4 in the chronic phase of infection with respect to interferon gamma and IL-10. Interferon gamma was predominant expressed in the controls, suggesting the involvement of IL-10 in modulating the immune response in favor of IL-4 in infected animals. Our results suggest that the T H 2 polarized host immune response previously observed in experimental infection may also be responsible for establishing chronic phase and the maintenance of the natural infection of cattle from endemic areas that are in continuous contact with parasite.
2011
This study was carried out to reveal the Epidemicity of Fasciola gigantica infection in cows and heifers in Babylon Province and its effects on some blood physiological and biochemical aspects. The results show the following: The percentage of cows and heifers infected with F. hepatica during the study period reached about 50% and the percentage of infection increased significantly with age progress (P<0.05). The total count of R.B.C. and Hb of infected animals were decreased significantly which is reached 4.3700 cell/mm 3 and 8.592 mg/100ml, alternatively as compared with those of healthy animals which is reached 5.515 cell/mm 3 and 11.427 mg/100ml (P<0.05). Significant increases were noticed in the total count and differential counts of W.B.C. of infected animals which is reached 10.402 cell/mm 3 as compared with uninfected animals which is reached 5.515 cell/mm 3 .
The Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) was evaluated for the diagnosis of Fasciola gigantica infection in cattle and buffaloes. The excretory-secretory (E-S Ag) antigen of Fasciola gigantica adult flukes obtained after invitro incubation was used as an antigen. The test was conducted with 276 sera collected from cattle and buffaloes which included 22 sera each from naturally infected cattle and buffaloes (known positive serum) and with similar number of samples with healthy cattle and buffaloes (known negative serum). The positive results were observed in 18 and 19 of the sera from naturally infected cattle and buffaloes with sensitivity of 81.8% and 86.3% respectively. Out of 188 serum samples which were found negative on faecal examination 32 (34%) sera of cattle and 40 (42.5%) sera of buffaloes were found positive by ELISA respectively. The sensitivity of the test was found to be 91.6% and 95.6% in cattle and buffaloes respectively.
Veterinary Research, 2023
The expression of proinflammatory (IL-1β, IFN-γ, TNF-α) and regulatory (IL-10, TGF-β, IL-4) cytokines, as well as the transcription factor FoxP3, was quantified in the liver and hepatic lymph node (HLN) of sheep primoinfected and reinfected with Fasciola hepatica at early (4, 8 and 16 days post-infection [dpi]) and late (100 dpi) stages. The liver exerted a Th2 immune response at very early stages after the primoinfection with F. hepatica that induced the downregulation of IFN-γ, followed by a Th1/Th2/Treg response although the late stages were characterised by the expression of Th1/ Th2 immune mediators. Contrarily, in reinfected sheep a robust mixed Th1/Th2/Treg immune response was found at very early stages meanwhile at late stages we observed a Th2/Treg immune response overcoming the expression of Th1 immune mediators. However, the HLN displayed a completely different Th1/Th2/Treg expression profile compared to the liver. Primoinfections with F. hepatica in HLN induced a mixed Th1/Th2/Treg environment from early stages, establishing a Th2 immune response at a late stage. However, the reinfected sheep exerted a Th2 immune response at early stages led by the IL-4 expression in opposition to the Th1/Th2/Treg found in the liver, meanwhile at late stages the HLN of reinfected sheep exerted a mixed Th1/Th2/Treg immune response. This is the first work publishing the expression of immune mediators in the liver and HLN from reinfected sheep with F. hepatica. The study of the immune responses exerted by the natural host in the target organs directly implied in the development of F. hepatica are crucial to better understand the immunopathogenesis of the fasciolosis being a key factor to develop effective vaccines.