Antibiotic prescribing trends in an omani paediatric population (original) (raw)
Related papers
The rise in numbers of infections due to antibiotic resistant has a direct and significant impact on the disease it self, on death rates and on significant increase in healthcare expenses. The influence of antibiotic resistance is considered higher in poor countries compared to developed countries which can be related to several factors among them are the random prescribing habits and the lack of awareness of the significance of antibiotic resistance on the patients and on the disease. The purpose of the study is to illustrate the patterns of prescribing antibiotics to children who visit the emergency department in prince Zaid bin Al-Hussein hospital (PZH). Methods: Data was obtained from the emergency department at (PZH), during the period of 1st Nov to 30th of Dec 2019, a total of (3082) prescriptions were collected and sorted according to patients age then the pediatric prescriptions will be sorted and recorded according to patient age, diagnosis and antibiotics prescribed. WHO investigating indicators were followed and calculated as 1) The frequency of drugs prescribed for each patient, 2) The frequency of the number of prescribed antibiotics (number of antibiotics in each prescription), 3) The frequency of antibiotics prescribed as a generic name, and 4) The frequency of prescribed antibiotics from the drug's list of the hospital. Results: Four hundred sixty two (462) prescriptions were involved in this study. The patient`s mean age was 6.45 years. 54.87 % (no. =254) patients male. A 2.96 was an average of drugs prescribed for each patient (WHO standard is 2.0). More than one antibiotic was prescribed 77.49 % (no. =358) for all patients (WHO standard is 30 %). 100 % of the antibiotics prescribed were written by the list of essential drugs from the hospital and 97.83 % of prescribed antibiotics written as a generic name. Of all antibiotics prescribed, 81.2 % were broad-spectrum. Amoxicillin was the prevalent choice (58.1 %).The verified diagnoses were (upper and lower) respiratory tract infections (42.63 %), bronchial asthma (30.19 %), gastrointestinal infections (20.45 %) and injuries (6.7 %). Conclusions: Our study presented high rates of prescribing antibiotics in the emergency department in the pediatric section, a high rate of drugs prescribed for each patient, which indicates an irrational use of medications and not following the WHO standards. Using antibiotics for bronchial asthma or viral infections reflects the misuse or abuse of prescribing antibiotics to pediatric patients. Amoxicillin was the first choice in the emergency department in our study. For these reasons more monitoring and directing prescribers in ED to decrease the misuse and abuse of antibiotics should be taken into consideration.
www.rphsonline.com , 2018
Objective: To assess the pattern of antibiotics use among pediatrics in two tertiary care hospitals in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Methods: The study was conducted from 1 st December, 2016 to 30 th April, 2017 in two tertiary care hospitals of Lahore, Punjab province of Pakistan. Sampling population consisted of 322 pediatric patients aged <18 years, suffering from any disease. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (IBM Corp. Released 2012. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.) and Microsoft Excel, 2013 were used to analyze the data. P-value < .05 was taken as the mark of significance for statistical tests. Results: The most frequently diagnosed infections among the study population were; gastrointestinal tract infections (n = 136, 42.2%), fever (n = 117, 36.3%) and upper respiratory tract infections (n = 79, 24.5%). Cephalosporins (n = 235, 73%), penicillins (n = 80, 24.8%), and fluoroquinolones (n = 76, 23.6%) were most frequently prescribed antibiotic classes. Most frequently prescribed antibiotics agents were; ceftriaxone (n = 235, 73%), ciprofloxacin (n = 76, 23.6%) and co-amoxiclav (n = 71, 22%). Frequently prescribed antibiotics combinations were; co-amoxiclav+ceftriaxone (n = 42, 13%), ceftriaxone+vancomycin (n = 26, 8.1%) and ceftriaxone+ciprofloxacin (n = 12, 3.7%). The parenteral route was most commonly used for the administration of antibiotics. Conclusions: Current study concluded that antibiotic prescribing in pediatrics is quite high, an unfavorable trend which paves the way towards antimicrobial resistance.
Antibiotics
Background: Antibiotics are commonly used in pediatrics. The aim and objectives were to evaluate the antibiotic prescribing patterns of pediatric outpatients at a private hospital in Abu Dhabi, UAE. Methods: A retrospective drug utilization review was conducted for pediatric patients aged 1–18 between June and December 2018. The prescriptions with inclusion criteria were reviewed and evaluated by using the WHO indicators. Results: 419 encounters included were female (50.1%). Most pediatrics were aged 4–6 years (35.3%). The average number of drugs per prescription were 4.9 drugs. The percentage of parenteral medication prescriptions was 16.9%, and with antibiotic prescriptions was 43.0%, where cefaclor was the most prescribed antibiotic (31.1%). The average consultation time was 14 min, while the average dispensing time was 9.6 min. The most common diagnosis where antibiotics were prescribed was acute pharyngitis (33.4%). There were about 60.6% with lab investigation. Conclusion: As ...
Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2021
Background: Inappropriate prescriptions of antibiotics in children is common in most parts of the world. Objectives: This study was performed to evaluate antibiotic prescription patterns and the rational use of antibiotics in hospitalized children in a tertiary referral hospital in Kerman, Iran. Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study evaluated prescription patterns of antibiotics for hospitalized children under 12 years old for six months from October 1, 2017, to March 31, 2018. Demographic information, including age, sex, most commonly-prescribed drug classes, name of antibiotic, duration and route of administration, diagnosis, and results of microbial culture and duration of hospitalization were recorded. Results: Most antibiotics were administered by parenteral route. The major infections for which antibiotics were prescribed were febrile seizures (34.4%), upper respiratory infections (25.5%), pyrexia with unknown origin (17.6%), and urinary tract infections (14.8%). Cef...
“Assessment of Prescription of Antibiotics in Pediatrics”
Indian Research Journal of Pharmacy and Science, 2016
BACKGROUND:Antibiotics are strong and effective medicines, used to treat various bacterial infections. Antibiotics are among the most commonly prescribed drugs in paediatrics. Overuse and inappropriate use of antibiotics has led to antibiotic resistance and treatment failure. OBJECTIVES: To assess the prescription of antibiotics in paediatrics of a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital. STUDY DESIGN:A retrospective study was done in a paediatric department in Mandya district hospital. Ethical clearance was obtained. The patient data was collected by using well designed patient data collection form and their prescription were recorded and analysed. RESULT: A total of 100 cases of various infections are examined among that 55% male and 45% female. Accompanying major age group having infections is 1-3 years i.e. 35%. Out of 100 prescriptions ,Cephalosporins are the major class of antibiotics used about 40% followed by Aminoglycosides, Penicillins, Macrolide, Quinolones, Cotrimoxazole and Nitroimidazoles respectively. Amikacin is the most commonly used individual antibiotic i.e. 26%. CONCLUSION:The present study concludes that prescription pattern of antibiotic in paediatrics was rational. Children of age toddlers (1-3 years) are more prone to various infections. Cephalosporins are the major classes of antibiotics used. Amikacin is most commonly used individual antibiotic.
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 2019
Objective: Our objective of the study was to evaluate the prescribing patterns of drugs with cost analysis in pediatric inpatients at tertiary care hospital. Methods: It is an observational prospective study carried out in pediatric inpatients with a sample of 180 patients based on age, inclusion, and exclusion criteria for period of 3 months. The patient’s data were collected using patient case record form and analysis of the data was done. Results: Of 180 patients data were collected, the results show that majority of gender admitted in the hospital were male children 94 (52%) and many are from age group of early childhood (2–5 years) 67 (37%). Respiratory tract infections are diagnosis most commonly analyzed and off overall 236 prescribed antibiotics cephalosporins 86 (43%) and combination of amoxicillin + clavulanic acid 25 (71%) is the class of antibiotics prescribed higher than other class of drugs. Parental 173 (73%) route of administration was observed to be followed more th...
Factors Affecting Antibiotics’ Prescription in General Pediatric Clinics
Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences, 2011
Objectives Overuse of antibiotics in children has been well documented with serious effects on public health. This study was conducted to explore the use of antibiotics among children and identify the parents' influence on physicians. Methods A cross sectional study was carried out in the outpatient general pediatrics' clinic of Maternity and Child Hospital at Al Madinah Al Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia starting from January through February 2011. A specially-designed format was used. Results This study included 776 patients. Antibiotics were prescribed for 60.5% of those suffering from Upper respiratory tract infection and 43.2% of those with acute gastroenteritis. Mean percentage score of parents' perception was 48.1 ±18.16. Mean instruction percentage score given by physicians was 50.0±26.18. More than half (51.3%) of the physicians were influenced by the parents' desire for AB prescription. Antibiotic prescription was correlated with diagnosis (r=-.120, p=.001), mother education (-.121, p=.002) and parents' perception (-.087, p=.016). Presence or absence of fever (OR=1.8, CI=1.32-3.65) and parents perception (OR= 1.9, CI=1.32-2.76) were risk factors for prescription. Conclusion Parents not only influenced the physicians to prescribe antibiotics but also had unsatisfactory perception towards antibiotics' utilization. The use of antibiotics was determined by physicians' experience and mothers' educational level and her work status.
Pharmacy Practice, 2016
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the use of off-label antibiotics in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) and paediatric wards in Jordan. Methods: Data of patients admitted to the neonatal intensive care units and paediatric wards in King Abdulla University Hospital were collected over an 8-week survey between May and July 2012. Data collected in this study included patients' age, weight, medical history, diagnosis and the details of antibiotics prescribed to each patient. Results: The study involved a total of 250 children (80 admitted to the NICU and 170 admitted to the wards). A total of 598 antibiotic prescriptions were issued for these patients (244 in NICUs and 354 in paediatricwards). The results of the present study show that off-label antibiotic prescribing to paediatric patients is very common. Off-label antibiotic prescribing to paediatric patients is related mostly to doses and indications, and rarely to age. The majority of admitted patients received at least one off-label antibiotic during their hospital stay. Conclusion: This study reveals the high prevalence of offlabel use of antibiotic among paediatric children in Jordan. There is a serious need for robust and continuous educational programs to improve the awareness of paediatricians of guidelines surrounding the use of antibiotics in paediatric patients. Furthermore, true collaboration between paediatricians and clinical *
Challenges in antibiotics prescription in pediatrics: A national survey among Lebanese pediatricians
2021
Background Antibiotics are the most prescribed drugs especially in pediatrics and for Upper Respiratory tract Infections (URI). Physicians are facing many challenges in their practice regarding antibiotics prescription. The aim of this study, the first of its kind in Lebanon, is to evaluate attitudes and practices of Lebanese pediatricians towards antibiotics prescription with a special focus on URI in order to identify challenges facing physicians. Methods This is a cross-sectional study conducted in 2018 among pediatricians registered in the Orders of Physicians. A 63-item questionnaire in English was sent by e-mail or by message to the mobile phone of all pediatricians with subsequent reminders. Data was collected from May 1st through July 2nd 2018. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 21.0. The analysis involved descriptive quantitative statistics (means and standard deviations, frequencies and percentages). Results From a total of 1213 physicians approached, 117 agreed to p...
Infectious Disease Reports
Background: Antibiotics are commonly prescribed for hospitalized children. However, only a limited number of studies have evaluated antibiotic use in this population. The current work assessed the indication, prescribing pattern and appropriateness of antibiotics among pediatric inpatients. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the pediatric wards of a teaching hospital in Malaysia. Electronic charts of inpatients (≤12 years old) admitted in 2019 were reviewed. Antibiotic indication, selection, dosing regimen, route of administration and duration of treatment were evaluated using the national antibiotic guidelines (NAG). A binomial logistic regression was applied to test potential predictors of inappropriate antibiotic prescribing (IAP) incidence. Results: Out of 702 pediatric inpatients, 292 (41.6%) patients were given antibiotics and met the inclusion criteria. More than half of the patients (57.9%) were males, with a median age of 2.5 years. A total of 3...