Use of some plants color as alternative stain in staining of bacteria (original) (raw)
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Use of Some Plants Color as Alternative Staining of Bacteria
2017
Natural dyes from plants such as Stigma (Isatis sp.), Myrtle (Myrtussp.), Rosella (Hibiscussp.) and crust of Walnut (Juglanssp.) fruits were extracted by 95% ethyl alcohol or distilled water. Myrtle and Stigma weremixed dye with ratio 1:2, respectively, also Rosellaand crust of nut fruits were prepared with same ratio. Mixeddyes or stains prepared as alternative of Gram stainfor staining Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria. The results showedthat the wall of bacteria were stained. This is well comparable to Gram stain in respect to clarity, differentiation, and economic cost.
Staining of microbial cells is a very important procedure in microbial identification. Cells need to be fixed and stained to increase visibility, accentuate morphological features and for preservation. The study was carried out to explore the efficiency of natural dyes from four different plants which can be used to stain bacterial cells. Plant extracts which has been processed into dyes namely Enantia chlorantha, Harungana madagascariensis, Sphenocentrum jollyanum and Sarcocephalus latifolius were obtained from Botany Department, Obafemi Awolowo University, Nigeria. They were used to stain some Gram positive and negative bacterial cells. The dyes were extracted with Soxhlet apparatus using ethanol as solvent.
Staining fungal structures with artificial dyes used in the industry of juices
Ciência Rural
ABSTRACT: The objective of this research was to evaluate the efficiency of artificial dyes, sunset yellow and red bordeaux S, and the use of glycerol in different concentrations to consistently stain fungal structures in slides containing spores of Oidium sp., Albugo ipomoeae-panduratae, Pochonia chlamydosporia and hyphae of Phytopythium helicoides. Commercial product mixtures of the artificial dyes at 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 3.0 and 5.0% (w/v) added with glycerol at 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0% were evaluated. To stain chlamydospores, the suspension was placed in the staining solution or heated at 80ºC for 5 minutes. The slides were prepared by the wet mount slide method. Fungal spores were consistently stained starting at a concentration of 2% of the staining solution. The addition of glycerol to the staining solution improved the contrast of the sporangia, hyphae and chlamydospores. Higher intensity and uniformity of chlamydospore’s staining was verified using 3% dye solution and 1% heated gly...
Comparison of strip and Ziehl-Neelsen methods for staining acid-fast bacteria
1974
The efficiency of the Ziehl-Neelsen method for staining acid-fast bacteria was compared with that of the strip-staining procedure in which one kind of impregnated strip is used to stain the bacteria and another kind for simultaneous decolorization and counter-staining of the smear. The methods were evaluated in 1 136 duplicate smears prepared from digested sputum and 307 pairs of direct smears. The efficiency of the strip method was comparable to that of the Ziehl-Neelsen method with digested sputum; with direct smears, however, it generally depended on the quality of the smear. With thick, uneven smears, lower bacterial counts were obtained by strip staining. On the basis of this trial, the authors suggest improvement of the strip method.
Automated Gram-staining characterisation of bacterial cells using colour and cell wall properties
International Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, 2011
In this paper, the Gram-staining technique is used as a tool for the differentiation of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as a first step to determine the identity of a particular bacterial sample. The automated image analysis has been developed for the monitoring of the Gram-staining characteristics of bacteria based on their colour and cell wall structure. The experimental results are compared with manual results obtained by microbiological expert. The results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method.
Application of Organic Dyes from Roselle calyx (Hibiscus sabdariffa linn) for Mycological Staining
Staining with lactophenol and methylene blue is a simple and single step, at the same time it is a convincing method for the microscopic identification of fungal mycelial structures. This study describes the preparation and extraction of natural dye from Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) calyx for single staining techniques of fungal mycelial structure, as well as its staining effect on fungal sporangia. Various treatments using the plant (calyx) aqueous extract pH 1.9 (Temp. 30.1℃), and ethanolic extract pH 2.9 (Temp. 30.1℃), were carried out on different fungal spp, viz: Aspergillus nidulans, Rhizoctonia sp, Rhizopus sp, Penicillium ctrinum, Cladosporium spp and Mucor spp. Different levels of differentiation of the fungal mycelial structures were obtained, using simple staining techniques and viewed under low and high power objectives of Carl zeiss microscope. All the extracts had the affinity to stain fungal mycelia as well as the fungal sporangia, the fungal mycelia and sporangia are stained red and stood out well against fairly red background. The wavelength with highest absorbance was obtained at 460nm for the extracts using scan ultraviolent spectrophotometer model st-uv-755v.
Bacterial pigments and its significance
Pigments are compounds that are widely used in industries that come in a wide variety of colors, some of which are water-soluble. Nontoxic nature of pigment produced by a number of microorganisms make them environmentally friendly for utilization in dye, foodstuff, pharmacy, cosmetics and other industrial purposes. Moreover natural pigments produced from biological origin have medicinal importance as been used as antioxidant, antimicrobial, additives, color intensifiers, and anticancer as well as economically friendly. Some of Bacteria capable of producing pigment with different varieties of colors are Agrobacterium aurantiacum, Staphylococcus aureus, Chromobacterium violaceum, Serratia marcescens, Bacillus Spp, Flavobacterium sp, etc. colors are Pink-red, Golden Yellow, Purple, red, Creamy and yellow respectively. Industrial production of natural food colorants by microbial fermentation has several advantages such as cheaper production, easier extraction, higher yields through strain improvement, no lack of raw materials and no seasonal. Therefore the present study aimed at reviewing pigment produced by bacteria and its significance.
An innovative brilliant blue FCF method for fluorescent staining of fungi and bacteria
Biotechnic & Histochemistry, 2011
Most natural and synthetic dyes currently used for microbial fl uorescent staining are toxic or carcinogenic and are harmful to animals, humans and the environment. A food dye for microbial staining, brilliant blue FCF, was used as an alternative to lactofuchsin and lactophenol blue. Brilliant blue FCF shows pronounced microbial cell fl uorescence staining of an array of pathogenic/ toxigenic (Fusarium granunearum 3-and 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol chemotypes, and Escherichia coli O157:H7) and benefi cial fungi and bacteria (Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus subtilis). Brilliant blue FCF has no toxic effects on the microbes tested and is inexpensive.
International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2015
Objectives: Isolation of endophytic bacteria from the of Beta vulgaris L. for production of pigment. Characterization of isolated bacterial endophyte with respect to morphological, biochemical and molecular biological aspects which lead to their identification. Methods: Plant materials were sterilized by standard methods. Isolation of bacterial endophyte using nutrient media was carried out. Sterility check of explants was performed using two techniques. Morphological, biochemical and molecular biology methods were employed for identification of isolated endophyte. Light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, molecular gene sequencing was performed on endophytic isolate KC1. Phylogenetic tree was constructed to find the similarity of KC1 and other bacteria. Results: The isolate KC1 was found acoccobaccilus, gram negative, which gave a catalase positive reaction and after molecular identification, it was designated as Serratiamarcescens strain VIT-PTS (GenBank Accession Number: KJ716445.1) Conclusion: The results indicate that 17 endophytic bacteria are isolated out of that one bacterial isolate KC1 secretes red pigment. Based on the phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences, isolate KC1 and Serratiamarcescens were in the same terminal clade. This bacterial pigment, which is expected to be prodigiosin, is promising as potential textile and food colorant.