Effects of a Four-Week Isometric Exercise Training on Blood Pressure of Hypertensive Stroke Survivors in a Tertiary Health Institution (original) (raw)
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Stroke has a major impact of quality of life and third leading cause of death and disability. High blood pressures are very common in acute ischemic stroke affecting 80% of patients. Both low and high BP is associated independently with early death and late death/disability. Lot of research is performed across the world to control or to manage the hypertension in stroke. Physical therapy, one of the prominent evolving professions in the present scenario has an important role to play tackling the effects of this disease and improve the quality of life. In this review document the Effectiveness of treadmill aerobic training in control of blood pressure following stroke and improve quality of life. This review consists of identifying the documented evidence in relation to the Effectiveness and advantages of physical therapy treadmill aerobic training in control of blood pressure following stroke for the past 15 years. This report highlights the importance of this exercise intervention and its positive effects seen in patients with stroke.
British journal of sports medicine, 2018
Secondary vascular risk reduction is critical to preventing recurrent stroke. We aimed to evaluate the effect of exercise interventions on vascular risk factors and recurrent ischaemic events after stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA). Intervention systematic review and meta-analysis. OVID MEDLINE, PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, TRIP Database, CINAHL, PsycINFO, SCOPUS, UK Clinical Trials Gateway and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched from 1966 to October 2017. Randomised controlled trials evaluating aerobic or resistance exercise interventions on vascular risk factors and recurrent ischaemic events among patients with stroke or TIA, compared with control. Twenty studies (n=1031) were included. Exercise interventions resulted in significant reductions in systolic blood pressure (SBP) -4.30 mm Hg (95% CI -6.77 to -1.83) and diastolic blood pressure -2.58 mm Hg (95% CI -4.7 to -0.46) comp...
The objective of our study was to examine the effects of isometric resistance training (IRT) on resting blood pressure in adults. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials lasting ⩾ 2 weeks, investigating the effects of isometric exercise on blood pressure in healthy adults (aged ⩾ 18 years), published in a peer-reviewed journal between 1 January 1966 to 31 January 2015. We included 11 randomized trials, totaling 302 participants. The following reductions were observed after isometric exercise training; systolic blood pressure (SBP) mean difference (MD) − 5.20 mm Hg (95% confidence interval (CI) − 6.08 to − 4.33, Po0.00001); diastolic blood pressure (DBP) MD − 3.91 mm Hg (95% CI − 5.68 to − 2.14, Po0.0001); and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) MD − 3.33 mm Hg (95% CI − 4.01 to − 2.66, Po0.00001). Sub-analyses showed males tended to reduce MAP MD − 4.13 mm Hg (95% CI − 5.08 to − 3.18) more than females. Subjects aged ⩾ 45 years demonstrated larger reductions in MAP MD − 5.51 mm Hg (95% CI − 6.95 to − 4.06) than those o45 years. Subjects undertaking ⩾ 8 weeks of IRT demonstrated a larger reduction in SBP MD − 7.26 mm Hg (95% CI − 8.47 to − 6.04) and MAP MD − 4.22 mm Hg (95% CI − 5.08 to − 3.37) than those undertakingo8 weeks. Hypertensive participants in IRT demonstrated a larger reduction in MAP MD − 5.91 mm Hg (95% CI − 7.94 to − 3.87) than normotensive participants MD − 3.01 mm Hg (95% CI − 3.73 to − 2.29). Our study indicated that IRT lowers SBP, DBP and MAP. The magnitude of effect may be larger in hypertensive males aged ⩾ 45 years, using unilateral arm IRT for 48 weeks.
Isometric Exercise Training for Blood Pressure Management: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 2014
Objective To examine the effects of isometric resistance training on resting blood pressure in adults. Methods We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials lasting ≥ 2 weeks, investigating the effects of isometric exercise on blood pressure in healthy adults (age ≥18 years), published in a peer-reviewed journal between January 1, 1966 to January 31 st , 2015. Results We included 11 randomized trials, totalling 302 participants. The following reductions were observed after isometric exercise training; systolic blood pressure (SBP) mean difference (MD)-5.20 mmHg (95% CI-6.08 to-4.33, p<0.00001); diastolic blood pressure (DBP) MD-3.02 mmHg (95% CI-3.65 to-2.38, p<0.00001); and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) MD-3.33 mmHg (95% CI-4.01 to-2.66, p<0.00001). Sub-analyses showed males tended to reduce MAP MD-4.13mmHg (95%CI-5.08 to-3.18) more than females. Subjects aged ≥45 years demonstrated larger reductions in MAP MD-5.51 mmHg (95%CI-6.95 to-4.06) than those <45 years. Subjects undertaking ≥8 weeks of IRT demonstrated a larger reduction in SBP MD-7.26 mmHg (95%CI-8.47 to-6.04) and MAP MD-4.22 mmHg (95%CI-5.08 to-3.37) than those undertaking < 8 weeks. Hypertensive participants in IRT demonstrated a larger reduction in MAP MD-5.91 mmHg (95%CI-7.94 to-3.87) than normotensive participants MD-3.01 mmHg (95%CI-3.73 to-2.29). Conclusions Isometric resistance training lowers SBP, DBP and MAP. The magnitude of effect may be larger in hypertensive males aged ≥45 years, using unilateral arm IRT for more than 8 weeks.
2021
BackgroundSystemic arterial hypertension (HTN) is the leading risk factor of cardiovascular disease death. Lifestyle changes are key for the prevention and management of HTN. Regular aerobic exercise training is recommended as part of the management of HTN; and dynamic resistance exercise should be prescribed as an adjuvant to aerobic training. Recent evidence points to potential benefits of isometric resistance training in reducing blood pressure (BP). Yet, the hypotensive effect of isometric exercise in pre-hypertensive and hypertensive individuals is not fully understood. Thus, we will examine the effect of isometric exercise in pre-hypertensive and hypertensive individuals through a systematic review and meta-analysis. MethodsOur systematic review study will include randomized clinical trials (RCTs) selected from the electronic databases MEDLINE (PubMed), Cochrane, LILACS, EMBASE and PEDro published in English, Spanish and Portuguese language. We will follow the PRISMA guideline...
Isometric exercise training for hypertension
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2020
This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: We will aim to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis quantifying the e ects of IRT on systolic, diastolic, mean arterial and 24hour ambulatory blood pressure. We will also quantify changes in heart rate and heart rate variability, and will attempt to determine which patient demographics and exercise program characteristics are associated with the largest blood pressure changes.
Journal of Sports Sciences, 2014
Recently, a minimum threshold of training intensity for reducing resting blood pressure (RBP) after short-term isometric exercise training (IET; < 4wks) had been suggested. However, variations in IET protocols employed are evident, including different methods for setting training intensity. Therefore, the minimum IET intensity required for RBP adaptations to occur, after short-term IET programs, is not known. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of short-term moderate-and lowintensity IET programs on RBP in normotensive subjects. Methods and Results: 3wks of IET at 30%EMG peak resulted in significant reductions in RBP (e.g.-3.9 ± 0.99 mmHg, P<0.001, mean arterial RBP) whereas IET at 20%EMG peak did not (-2.3 ± 2.9 mmHg; P>0.05, mean arterial RBP). However, within the 20%EMG peak training group, systolic RBP in female subjects was significantly lower than their male counterparts following IET (105.8 ± 3.0 vs. 123.6 ± 3.0 mmHg for women and men respectively). Conclusions: Results confirmed previous predictions that an IET intensity of 20-30%EMG peak is required to elicit a significant RBP reduction in a short-term training period (3-4wks). In addition, sex differences may exist in the magnitude of reductions. This may be important in understanding the mechanisms responsible for this established phenomenon.
2022
Context and Objectives: Ischaemic stroke (IS) causes disability and uses massive public health resources. Cumulative disability from recurrence may be reduced with cardiometabolic risk reduction strategies e.g., lowering blood pressure (BP). We hypothesized that intensive exercise plus best available care in adults with recent IS improves fitness, glucose metabolism, muscle protein synthesis in paretic limbs compared to controls. BP changes were compared between intervention (INT) and controls (CON). Research Design and Setting: A randomised, interventional clinical trial conducted in Jamaican adults subjects: We investigate 103 adults with recent IS and residual weakness. Forty-nine subjects (24 women: mean age 61.5; 25 men: mean age 63.8) received task-oriented exercise training (TEXT) plus best available care. Fifty-four subjects (23 women: mean age 60.2; 31 men: mean age 61.3) received best care, including exercise advice. Measurements: We measured baseline, 3-month and 6-month ...
Acute and Training Effects of Exercise in Hypertensive Individuals
Proceedings, 2019
Aim: Aerobic, resistance, or isometric exercise has been shown to reduce blood pressure (BP) in normotensive and hypertensive individuals. The aim of this study was to examine the acute effect of combining resistance and isometric exercise and the training effect of combining all 3 types (aerobic, resistance and isometric exercise) in hypertensive patients. Material & Method: Fourteen adults, six females and eight males (age, 55 ± 11 yrs; BMI, 31.0 ± 6.0 kg.m2; body fat, 34 ± 14 %; waist circumference, 102 ± 18 cm; mean ± SD), with stage 1 and 2 hypertension performed a combined resistance and isometric exercise bout to examine the acute effect of exercise. Afterwards, volunteers were randomly divided into two groups of 7 participants each. One group performed 3 exercise sessions per week for 8 weeks (T). Training consisted of aerobic (45 min at 60–80% of maximal heart rate), resistance (3 sets of 10–15 repetitions at 60–80% of 1RM) and isometric (4 sets at 30% maximum handgrip stre...