Review on Process Parameters of FDM and Their Impact on Tensile Strength and Wear Resistance of Additive Manufacturing Specimen (original) (raw)
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Functional Composites and Structures, 2021
In this paper the effect of process parameters on the tensile and flexural properties has been analyzed. We have used commercially available FDM 3D printer and material (Carbon fiber -PLA). When various processing parameters, especially when no linear processing parameters are defined, the complete factor design of experiments (DOE) is hard to research. Furthermore, a large number of samples are needed to completely exploit the exact processing parameters. The key effects of four processing parameters for the FDM process, i.e. layer height, infill density, printing speed and infill pattern, are examined in this document in the DOE of Taguchi. The mechanical characteristics of the fabricated FDM components express the power of the processing parameters. We have used the Taguchi L9 range of 9 runs with three specimens each to present the work, so 54 different processes were used to make a total of 54 specimens. In comparison to the 3D CAD model, the measurements of the manufactured sp...
Effect of manufacturing parameters on tensile properties of FDM printed specimens
Procedia structural integrity, 2020
Nowadays, one of the most studied technologies for obtaining different parts is Additive Manufacturing (AM). Whether it is about plastic or metal materials, AM is used because very complex parts can be obtained, without further technological operations. From all AM technologies, Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) is the most used all over the world, due to its cost-effective way of printing. FDM is based on the extrusion of a wire, through which a piece is formed by successively depositing layer-by-layer of molten material. This paper experimentally investigates the tensile properties of 3D printed specimens obtained through FDM printing. The influence of spatial printing direction (0°, 45°, 90°) and size effect (different thickness) on main mechanical properties was investigated. Polylactic acid (PLA) dog bone specimens were adopted for all tensile tests. Experimental tests were carried out at room temperature, according to ISO 527-1 Standard. It was observed that the spatial orientation has less influence on the Young modulus and higher influence on the tensile strength. Furthermore, increasing the number of layers leads to decreasing of both the Young modulus and tensile strength.
Matéria (Rio de Janeiro)
Additive manufacturing (AM) technology refers to the process of producing 3D objects by adding material in successive layers. Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is one of the AM technologies where objects are built by adding layers of melted thermoplastic filament onto the printing surface. Mechanical properties of FDM printed part depend on many influencing factors such as material composition, extruding temperature, printing parameters and environment temperature. The aim of this study was to investigate consistency of mechanical properties of elements produced by FDM additive manufacturing technology. To do so, mechanical tensile and compression tests were conducted on ten samples using polylactic acid (PLA) and ten samples using acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) thermoplastic material. Tensile tests were conducted using Shimadzu Compact Tabletop Testing Machine EZ-LX and the compression tests were done using VEB ZDM 5/91 testing machine. The ultimate tensile strength, strain, Young modulus and compression yield strength values were analyzed. The ABS thermoplastic material showed greater consistency in mechanical properties during tensile tests. Tensile strength values for PLA material varied between samples thus showing greater inconsistency in repeatability of mechanical properties. Compression tests, on the other hand, showed that PLA samples had greater consistency in mechanical properties compared to ABS samples.
Effect of Process Parameters on Dimensional Accuracy and Tensile Strength of FDM Printed Parts
DAAAM Proceedings, 2020
Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) is one of the most popular additive manufacturing technologies for various engineering applications. Due to the mechanism of building of products on the principle of adding layer by layer, the mechanical characteristics and quality of the product directly depend on the values of process parameters. Therefore, in this paper, test tubes for mechanical properties testing and model samples for dimensional testing were made using FDM technology. Two different polymeric materials, PLA and PC, were used to make the tubes and models. During the production of test tubes and models, three more influential process parameters varied on three levels: printing temperature, infill density and layer height. The test tubes were printed and tensile tested according to the ISO 527-2 standard. Dimensional measurements were performed on the made samples of models for dimensional tests, and dimensional deviations of the finished product in relation to the designed dimensions of the 3D model were analyzed, deviations from the shape, as well as the presence of surface defects and irregularities. At the end of the paper, recommendations are given which combination of process parameters gives for both analyzed materials better mechanical characteristics and smaller dimensional deviations of the product in the manufacture of FDM technology.
Mechanics of Additive and Advanced Manufacturing, 2019
Fused deposition modeling (FDM) represents one of the most common techniques for rapid prototyping and industrial additive manufacturing (AM). Optimizing the process parameters which significantly impact the mechanical properties is critical to achieving the ultimate final part quality sought by industry today. This work investigates the effect of different process parameters including nozzle temperature, printing speed, and print orientation on Young’s modulus, yield strength, and ultimate strength of the final part for two types of filament, namely, Poly Lactic Acid (PLA) and Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS). Design of Experiments (DOE) is used to determine optimized values of the process parameters for each type of filaments; also, a comparison is made between the mechanical properties of the parts fabricated with the two materials. The results show that Y-axis orientation presents the best mechanical properties in PLA while X-axis orientation is the best orientation to print parts with ABS.
Study on the Fused Deposition Modelling In Additive Manufacturing
Additive manufacturing process, also popularly known as 3-D printing, is a process where a product is created in a succession of layers. It is based on a novel materials incremental manufacturing philosophy. Unlike conventional manufacturing processes where material is removed from a given work price to derive the final shape of a product, 3-D printing develops the product from scratch thus obviating the necessity to cut away materials. This prevents wastage of raw materials. Commonly used raw materials for the process are ABS plastic, PLA and nylon. Recently the use of gold, bronze and wood has also been implemented. The complexity factor of this process is 0% as in any object of any shape and size can be manufactured.
Rapid Prototyping Journal
Purpose Additive manufacturing or “3D printing” is a rapidly expanding sector and is moving from a prototyping service to a manufacturing service in its own right. With a significant increase in sales, fused deposition modelling (FDM) printers are now the most prevalent 3D printer on the market. The increase in commercial manufacturing necessitates an improved understanding of how to optimise the FDM printing process for various product mechanical properties. This paper aims to identify optimum print parameters for the FDM process to achieve maximum tensile strength through a review of recent studies in this field. Design/methodology/approach The effect of the governing printing parameters on the tensile strength of printed samples will be considered, including material selection, print orientation, raster angle, air gap and layer height. Findings The key findings include material recommendations, such as the use of emerging print materials like polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK), to pro...
Amanuel Diriba Tura1*, Hana Beyene Mamo2, Dommeti Kamalakara Rao3, 2021
Typical 3D printers have print nozzles that can be moved in three dimensions (x, y, z) and can handle single or multiple ABSTRACT Additive manufacturing (AM), also known as 3D printing, is a transformative method to industrial fabrication that enables the creation of lighter, stronger parts and systems. Additive manufacturing uses data computer-aided-design (CAD) software or 3D object scanners to direct hardware to deposit material, layer upon layer, in precise geometric shapes. Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is one of the mainly used AM techniques for fabricating prototypes and functional parts in common engineering plastics. At various process parameters, mechanical properties of printed parts are significantly changed. Therefore, it is important to examine the influence of printing parameters on quality of printing part. This article provides an experimental investigation for the quality analysis of process parameters on printed parts using fused deposition modelling (FDM) in terms of tensile strength. The experiment were carried out using Taguchi's L9 orthogonal array technique by varying process parameters such Infill density, Infill pattern and Layer thickness using Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) print material. Taguchi method are applied for the Multi-objective optimization of characteristics of Printing parts. ANOVA, S/N ratio, and 3D surface plot were used for analysis of experimental result and study the effect of process parameters. Results of Taguchi optimization indicates that the optimal FDM parameters for Tensile strength (UTS) are the layer height at 0.19mm, the Infill rate at 45 %, Build speed at 180 mm/min and the build temperature at 240 ºC which gives maximum UTS =39.094 MPa at maximum value of S/N ratio = 31.8422.
IOS Press eBooks, 2022
Lately, analysts and researchers are dealing with issues regarding natural unevenness and a worldwide temperature alteration inferable from various utilization of composite materials arranged by manufactured strands and petrochemical polymers. Subsequently, a rising consideration has been dedicated to the innovative work of polymer composites supported with the normal filaments. The normal strands are the most reasonable option of engineered filaments because of their biodegradability, eco-benevolence and mechanical properties. The normal strands are drawing in the specialists and researchers to take advantage of their properties by amalgamating them with the polymer. The properties of normal fiber built up polymer composites basically rely on different factors, for example, properties of filaments and lattices, fiber stacking rate, size and direction of strands, stacking groupings, level of interfacial holding, fiber surface medicines, hybridization and fuse of added substances and coupling specialists. Elastic and flexural tests are the main examinations to foresee the uses of the materials. A lot of exploration has been done of flexural properties of regular fiber supported polymer. In this paper, a survey on weakness and flexural properties of regular fiber supported polymer as far as impacts of fiber process parameter like Layer thickness, Infill density, Extrusion temperature, print speed using 3-D printer and process of fused deposition modelling (FDM). So, Analysis of data we have used Taguchi Analysis and compared with ANN (Artificial Neural Networks). Additionally, late utilizations of regular fiber supported polymer are likewise introduced in this review.