Effect of thoracic mobilization on respiratory parameters in chronic non-specific low back pain: A randomized controlled trial (original) (raw)
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Respiratory characteristics of individuals with non-specific low back pain: A cross-sectional study
Nursing & Health Sciences, 2018
Non-specific low back pain (NS-LBP) is known to cause respiratory dysfunction. In this study, we investigated alterations in breathing, respiratory strength and endurance, core stability, diaphragm mobility, and chest expansion among patients with NS-LBP and healthy individuals. The specific aim of the study was to correlate between respiratory function and other variables among NS-LBP patients. Thirty four patients with NS-LBP were matched with 34 healthy participants before undergoing total faulty breathing scale, spirometer, respiratory pressure meter, chest expansion, ultrasound, and pressure biofeedback measurements. There were signs of faulty breathing in the NS-LBP patients when compared to the healthy participants. Diaphragmatic mobility and respiratory muscle endurance were lower in the NS-LBP group. Chest expansion exhibited a significant decrease at the level of the fourth intercostal space in the NS-LBP group, but respiratory muscle strength and core stability were not significant between the two groups. Positive correlations were found to be fairly significant regarding respiratory muscle strength. The findings of this study indicated altered respiratory characteristics in the NS-LBP patients, and suggested that they would improve through respiratory exercises.
Review Article: Altered Respiratory Function in Patients With Low Back Pain: A Review Article
JMR Journal, 2021
Low Back Pain (LBP) is a major musculoskeletal complaint and a multidimensional problem. This study aimed to answer whether patients with LBP have an altered pattern or a reduced rate of respiration compared to healthy people. Materials and Methods: Two reviewers searched the PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases from 2000 to 2020 using the search terms "low back pain" OR "low backache" OR "lumbago" AND "breath" OR "respiration". The methodological quality of articles generated by the search was appraised using the modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Results: A total of 7 studies were selected for the final review, with two examining respiratory parameters, one investigating the effects of cognitive tasks on respiratory function, two determining the impact of performing a task on respiratory function, and two observing breathing patterns during different tasks. Conclusion: Respiratory function is sub-optimal in chronic patients with LBP. Thus, respiratory rehabilitation is crucial to managing LBP problems.
Altered Respiratory Function in Patients With Low Back Pain: A Review Article
Negah Institute for Social Research & Scientific Communication , 2021
Low Back Pain (LBP) is a major musculoskeletal complaint and a multidimensional problem. This study aimed to answer whether patients with LBP have an altered pattern or a reduced rate of respiration compared to healthy people. Materials and Methods: Two reviewers searched the PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases from 2000 to 2020 using the search terms "low back pain" OR "low backache" OR "lumbago" AND "breath" OR "respiration". The methodological quality of articles generated by the search was appraised using the modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Results: A total of 7 studies were selected for the final review, with two examining respiratory parameters, one investigating the effects of cognitive tasks on respiratory function, two determining the impact of performing a task on respiratory function, and two observing breathing patterns during different tasks. Conclusion: Respiratory function is sub-optimal in chronic patients with LBP. Thus, respiratory rehabilitation is crucial to managing LBP problems.
Reduced Ventilatory Muscle Strength-A Risk Associated With Low Back Pain-A Case-Control Study
https://www.ijhsr.org/IJHSR\_Vol.9\_Issue.12\_Dec2019/IJHSR\_Abstract.010.html, 2019
Background: Non-specific low back pain, which is not attributed to any recognizable cause, is the most common form of low back pain. When this pain persists, it becomes chronic and tends to develop compensatory patterns. These biomechanical alterations have shown to have an association with the respiratory system which has been documented in many studies. However, due to the dearth of literature and contrasting evidences, the present study aimed to find out an objective relationship between the presence of low back pain and reduced ventilatory muscle strength using a reliable and non-invasive technique such as MIP and MEP. Methods: Using convenient sampling technique, 60 subjects who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were recruited and were divided into two groups of 30 each. Group A included individuals with mechanical low back pain and group B included healthy individuals. Each individual was subjected for the assessment of Maximum Inspiratory Pressure (MIP) and Maximum Expiratory Pressure (MEP) Results: The results were obtained using Chi-Square test for presence of low back pain and reduced ventilatory muscle strength which did not show a significant difference with p = 0.69 for MIP and for MEP, p=0.67 with α set at 95%. Conclusion: The findings of the study suggest that the respiratory muscle strength is not affected in patients with non-specific, chronic mechanical low back pain.
BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders
Background Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a leading cause of disability globally. Exercise therapies are one of the commonly prescribed treatment options for CLBP. The specific exercise therapies for CLBP most commonly target movement dysfunction, but seldom brain-based pain modulation. Exercise therapies with specific breathing techniques (SBTs) have been shown to influence and enhance brain-based structural and functional pain modulation. Aims and objectives To assess the feasibility of the SBTs protocol, eligibility criteria, randomization, and dropout rates. To quantify the changes in patient outcome measures and choose the most relevant measure for larger-scale study. To quantify self-adherence levels to home exercise and monitor and record possible pain medication and other treatment modality usage, and adverse events during exercise. Design A parallel randomised analyst-blinded feasibility trial with two-month follow-up. Outcome measures Feasibility related to aims and objec...
Background Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a leading cause of disability globally. Exercise therapies are one of the commonly prescribed treatment options for CLBP. The specific exercise therapies for CLBP most commonly target movement dysfunction, but seldom brain-based pain modulation. Exercise therapies with specific breathing techniques (SBTs) have been shown to influence and enhance brain-based structural and functional pain modulation. Aims and objectives To assess the feasibility of the SBTs protocol, eligibility criteria, randomization, and dropout rates. To quantify the changes in patient outcome measures and choose the most relevant measure for larger-scale study. To quantify self-adherence levels to home exercise and monitor and record possible pain medication and other treatment modality usage, and adverse events during exercise. Design A parallel randomised analyst-blinded feasibility trial with two-month follow-up. Outcome measures Feasibility related to aims and objec...
Evaluation of Chest Expansion Among Non-Specific Low Back Pain Patients
https://www.ijhsr.org/IJHSR\_Vol.12\_Issue.8\_Aug2022/IJHSR-Abstract29.html, 2022
Aim: To find out prevalence of alteration in chest expansion among non-specific low back pain patients Background: The diaphragm is an essential muscle for breathing; however, it also has a role in preserving the segmental stability of the lumbar spine by maintaining and increasing the intraabdominal pressure during postural tasks, diaphragm fatigue in LBP patients may compromise trunk muscle contribution to spinal control, leading to the development or recurrence of LBP or NSLBP, And these may affect chest expansion in NSLBP patients. Method: In this study 65 patients with non specific low back pain were recruited & screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria from Jalgaon city. The age group of study range from 18-65 yrs. The data was collected by using convenient sampling method. Chest expansion was measured using cloth tape at three levels that is 2nd Intercostal Space, 4th Intercostal Space and xiphoid process. Result: The study showed 45 % patients with normal chest expansion values and 55 % patients with decreased chest expansion values out of 100%. Conclusion: The study concluded that there is a significant alteration in chest expansion among nonspecific low back pain patients. This shows that non specific low back pain may affect chest expansion.
Case Medical Research, 2019
BACKGROUND: Exercise programs in the treatment of chronic lumbar pain are quite diverse, but it has been proven that stabilization exercises are the most effective. OBJECTIVE: We compared the lumbar stabilization exercise program in a closed and open kinetic chain (LSCO) and lumbar stabilization exercises and thoracic mobilization program in a closed kinetic chain (LSTMC), and evaluated the clinical effectiveness of each program. METHODS: Prospective, randomized, controlled trial in 80 chronic low back pain (CLBP) patients with lumbar radiculopathy of both sexes (35 male, 45 female), average age (48.45 ± 10.22 years), divided in two groups that performed different sets of exercises. Participants were given laser therapy, transcutaneous electro-nerve stimulation and an eight-week kinesiotherapy that included exercises to strengthen the deep lumbar spine stabilizers. Retesting was done after four and eight weeks. RESULTS: Statistically significant (p < 0.05) superior recovery of the LSTMC group subjects compared to the LSCO group was achieved at all measurement intervals in the pain intensity and functional disability parameters. CONCLUSION: Patients who performed the lumbar stabilization and thoracic mobilization exercise program in a closed kinetic chain had the most effective reduction of pain intensity and functional disability.
The presence of respiratory disorders in individuals with low back pain: A systematic review
Manual Therapy, 2016
Background: Inspiratory muscles, such as the diaphragm, play a key role in both respiration and spinal control. Therefore, diaphragm dysfunctions are often related to low back pain (LBP). However, few is known on the association between the presence of LBP and the presence of respiratory disorders (RD). Objectives: To perform a systematic review on the relation between RD and LBP. Study Design: Systematic review Methods: Two reviewers searched on PubMed/MEDLINE for studies concerning LBP and RD, from 1950 up to January 2016. The search string consisted of the following key words: low back pain, dyspnea, respiratory problems, lung diseases, comorbidity, pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive, smoking, asthma, allergy, sinusitis, respiratory tract infection and hyperventilation. The aim was to evaluate a potential correlation, co-occurrence or causality between RD and LBP. Results: A total of 16 articles were included. A significant correlation between the presence of LBP and the presence of RD such as dyspnea, asthma, different forms of allergy, and respiratory infections was found. No correlation was found between COPD and LBP, and no articles were found on the correlation between hyperventilation and LBP. Conclusions: This is the first study providing an overview of the literature on the relation between LBP and RD. Immunological, biomechanical, psychosocial and socioeconomic factors might explain this correlation. Smoking is likely to contribute. Future studies must reveal the causative relationship.
https://www.ijhsr.org/IJHSR\_Vol.10\_Issue.2\_Feb2020/IJHSR\_Abstract.036.html, 2020
AIM and Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of Diaphragmatic breathing DBEx on improvement of pain and function and abdominal holding time as measured on NPRS, Modified Oswestry disability index and PBU pressure holding time. Methodology: 46 eligible patients in age group between 35-55 years with non-specific mechanical low back pain were recruited with incidental sampling over the period of 1 year duration and randomly allocated to Core stability and Diaphragmatic breathing (DBEx)(N=23) and Core stability (N=23) treatment groups. Core stability exercises consisting 6 progressive levels were given to both the treatment groups. 5 sets of 10 repetitions of Diaphragmatic breathing (DBEx) were additionally given to Experimental group. Baseline core stability level was determined and practised for 4 weeks at home. At the end of 4 th week, the progress in level was checked again and progressed further. However, post treatment data was collected at the end of 4 th week for pain, function, stability level and holding time. Results: Intergroup comparison showed highly significant statistical change for pain (p > 0.05) and significant for in all the aforementioned outcome measures for the experimental group. Conclusion: The study establishes the effectiveness of home exercise based core stability and Diaphragmatic breathing exercise program in chronic low back pain patients.