Antidiabetic efficacies of methanolic and ethyl acetate extracts of Aristolochia ringens (Vahl) roots: in vivo comparative studies (original) (raw)
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Anti-Diabetic Effect of Methanolic Extract of Aristolochia ringensLeaf
Biochemistry & Analytical Biochemistry, 2021
The aim and objective of this study is to investigate the hypoglycemic, hepatoprotective, hypolipidemic and antioxidant potentials of the methanolic extract of Aristolochia ringens leaf (MLAR) in STZ-induced diabetic wistar rats. The airdried and powdered leaf of the plant (Aristolochia ringens) was extracted by cold maceration and concentrated. In vitro analysis was carried out by screening the extract for phytochemical constituents and antioxidant activities using different models. In vivo analysis was also carried out by randomly dividing forty eight (48) male wistar rats (140-170 g) into eight groups of six (6) rats each. Group 1 served as control; group 2 received STZ (60 mg/kg wt i.p); groups 3 to 8 served as the treatment group. The animals were sacrificed without anesthesia after 30 days and their blood were collected for biochemical investigation. The in vitro results showed that MLAR possesses good antioxidant potential when compared with the standard and it is also known ...
IJPSR, 2017
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the anti-diabetic and hypolipidemic activity of methanolic extract of whole plant of Aristolochia bracteolata (MEAB) against streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rat model. Glibenclamide was used as standard drug. The MEAB was administered orally at a dose of 200 & 400 mg/kg bd. wt and blood glucose levels were determined on 0 th , 7 th , 14 th , 21 st and 28 th day. MEAB was found to significantly reduce blood glucose levels in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Reduction in blood glucose levels were observed from 7 th day onwards, after continuous administration of the extract. The effect of MEAB on serum lipid profile like total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein (LDL), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) were also measured on 28 th day in the diabetic rats. There was significant reduction in total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, VLDL cholesterol and improvement in HDL cholesterol in diabetic rats. The results indicated that Aristolochia bracteolata possesses significant anti-diabetic and hypolipidemic activity.
Lipids in Health and Disease, 2020
Background: Recent studies have reported that herbal extracts may have some protective effect against the complications of diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Achillea millefolium hydroalcoholic extract in comparison to metformin on liver damage, lipid abnormality, and glycemic control in diabetic rats. Methods: Rats were randomly assigned to 7 groups of 10 animals. Diabetes was induced by injection of streptozotocin (STZ) to 4 groups of rats. Three groups of diabetic rats were given 250 mg/kg/day metformin, 25 mg/kg/day Achillea millefolium hydroalcoholic extract, or 100 mg/kg/day of this extract. Two non-diabetic groups were also given either 25 mg/kg/day or 100 mg/kg/day Achillea millefolium extract. Normal control and diabetic control rats received 1 mL/day of normal saline. Treatments were administered through oral gavage for 28 days. At the end, rats were anesthetized with ether and their serum samples were separated in order to measure blood glucose, serum total protein, lipids, and liver enzymes. Results: There was a significant reduction in blood glucose, serum liver enzymes, triglycerides, and total-and LDLcholesterol levels of the Achillea millefolium extract-treated groups compared to the other groups. In addition, there was a significant increment in body weight and HDL-cholesterol serum level in the Achillea millefolium-treated groups. Conclusion: Achillea millefolium extract compared to metformin reduces lipid abnormality, blood glucose and liver enzymes in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Future clinical studies are warranted to confirm our experimental findings in humans.
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 2012
Stigmast-5-en-3β-ol (β-sitosterol) was isolated from the chloroform extract of the aerial parts of Aristolochia indica (CEAI). The structure and relative configuration of Stigmast-5-en-3β-ol (β-sitosterol) was determined by spectroscopic methods (1H-and 13C-NMR, IR, and MS). CEAI was found to produce good antidiabetic activity in treated mice. It reversed the weight loss of diabetic mice and restored to normal blood sugar level. The efficacy of the extract was compared with standard drug, Glibenclamide (10 mg/kg p.o.) in diabetic mice. CEAI also showed significant antioxidant activity in the level of 1,1diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and superoxide radicals with IC 50 value being 7.325 and 8.498 µg/ml, respectively. The anti-hyperglycemic effect of the extract might be due to an increase in peripheral glucose consumption as well as protection against oxidative damaged in alloxanised diabetes.
Planta Medica, 2015
The aim of this study was to assess the hypoglycemic and antihyperglycemic activities of nine plants used as antidiabetic treatments in Lubumbashi and its surroundings. Those are Albizia adianthifolia, Azanza garckeana, Cassia occidentalis, Cassia sieberiana, Erythrina abyssinica, Gladiolus klattianus, Rauvolfia caffra, Strychnos spinosa, and Vitex madiensis. Aqueous extracts, obtained by decoction and maceration, were administered (500 mg/kg) per os to guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus), both in glucose baseline conditions and in oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) conditions (glucose, 2 g/kg; follow-up over 210 min). For OGTT experiments, area under the curve of blood glucose levels, maximum glucose concentration (Cmax), and time to reach Cmax (Tmax) were used to compare test groups with the control conditions (glucose group). In hypoglycemic tests, only three species induced significant (p < 0.001) lowering of normal glycemia: A. adianthifolia (33% reduction), C. occidentalis (32%), and V. madiensis (43%); in the same conditions, the positive control glibenclamide (6 mg/kg) induced a blood glucose lowering of 55%. In OGTT conditions, all tested herbs were active, with the highest inhibition of glycemia increases for V. madiensis (62%) and A. adianthifolia (57%), compared with the hyperglycemic inhibition rate of glibenclamide (50%). Oral glucose tolerance test conditions appear as essential to detect the extracts most interesting for clinical use. These data support the use of studied plants for diabetes treatment in traditional Congolese medicine and indicate a good knowledge of tradipraticians in the field.
academicjournals.org
Stigmast-5-en-3β-ol (β-sitosterol) was isolated from the chloroform extract of the aerial parts of Aristolochia indica (CEAI). The structure and relative configuration of Stigmast-5-en-3β-ol (β-sitosterol) was determined by spectroscopic methods (1H-and 13C-NMR, IR, and MS). CEAI was found to produce good antidiabetic activity in treated mice. It reversed the weight loss of diabetic mice and restored to normal blood sugar level. The efficacy of the extract was compared with standard drug, Glibenclamide (10 mg/kg p.o.) in diabetic mice. CEAI also showed significant antioxidant activity in the level of 1,1diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and superoxide radicals with IC 50 value being 7.325 and 8.498 µg/ml, respectively. The anti-hyperglycemic effect of the extract might be due to an increase in peripheral glucose consumption as well as protection against oxidative damaged in alloxanised diabetes.
2009
Background: The morbidity and mortality rate from diabetic mellitus are increasing in the world especially in low-and middle-income countries; hence, it is necessary to evaluate the efficacy and safety of medicinal plants to support existing drugs in treating diabetes mellitus. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the hypoglycemic effect of 80% methanol root extract of Acanthus polystachyus in normoglycemic, hyperglycemic, and streptozotocinnicotinamide induced diabetic rats. Methods: Male albino Wistar rats were divided into five groups (n=6) in all three models. In all models, group one rats served as a negative control and were received vehicle (10mL/kg distilled water), whereas group two (APRE100), three (APRE200), and four (APRE400) were treated with 100, 200, and 400mg/kg of extract, respectively, and group five were treated with glibenclamide (5mg/kg) and served as a positive control. Blood glucose levels were measured at different time points by taking blood from their tails. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test to carry out comparisons between and within-group and P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The root of Acanthus polystachyus reduces peak blood sugar levels significantly after the loading of oral glucose at all tested doses. In streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced type 2 diabetic rats, the daily oral administration of the crude extracts showed a significant reduction of blood glucose level at all tested doses compared to the negative control group. However, the extract did not reduce blood glucose levels in normoglycemic rats at all tested doses compared to both negative and positive control. Conclusion: From this study, it can be concluded that the root extract of Acanthus polystachyus showed an antihyperglycemic effect in hyperglycemic and diabetic rats but lack hypoglycemic effect in normoglycemic rats. Hence, the plant root may be a good candidate for the development of new antidiabetic drugs.
European Journal of Chemistry, 2014
Recently, there has been more interest with antidiabetic agents commencing natural products from plants as a better treatment than currently used synthetic drugs. The high performance liquid chromatography analysis of methanolic Acalypha wilkesiana leaves extract revealed occurrence of twenty one polyphenolic compounds. Catechin is the main constituent (29.91%), followed by apigenin (20.96%), then, ellagic acid, quercetin, kampferol, ferulic acid, luteolin, pyrogallol, rutin, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, protocatechouic acid, p-coumaric acid, caffiene, syrigic acid, catechol and p-OH-benzoic acid in
Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine, 2010
Effect of ethanol (ASE) and water (ASW) extracts of Argyreia speciosa on blood glucose and lipid profile was investigated in normoglycemic and Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic animals. In oral glucose and sucrose tolerance test, treatment with ASE and ASW (100 and 200 mg/kg) and Glidenclamide (10 mg/kg) significantly improved the glucose and sucrose tolerance in normal animals. In addition, respective treatment for fifteen-day resulted in significant percentage reduction in serum glucose (SG) ie., 30.39% (lower dose of ASE) and 33.21% (higher dose of ASW). In standardized STZ (50 mg/kg, iv)-induced diabetic rats, a single dose of ASE and ASW treatment exhibited reduction in SG levels at different time intervals compared to basal levels. Administration of both the doses of ASE and ASW for fifteen-day days exhibited greater percentage reduction in glycemia (24.6%, 24.7%, 23.9% and 21.9% respectively) and also ameliorated restored to near normal value of all tested lipid parameters. Further, treatment also exhibited significantly improved glucose tolerance over the period of 120 min compared to diabetic control group. Eventhough treatment failed to increase serum insulin levels significantly but peripheral utilization of insulin was increased as evident by insulin tolerance test. Taken together, present study supports the traditional usage of title plant in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.
Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common endocrine metabolic disorders which has a significant impact on the health, quality of life and life expectancy of patients as well as on the health care system. Herbal remedies are convenient for management of type 2 diabetes due to their traditional acceptability and availability, low costs and lesser side effects. In the present study, the ethanolic seed extract (300 and 600 mg/kg) were taken up to evaluate the antidiabetic activity against normal and streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Oral administration of the extracts for 28 days resulted in a significant reduction in blood glucose level. Chronic effects of the extracts on serum biochemistry were also studied and it was found that serum cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, VLDL levels were decreased significantly. But HDL levels and antioxidants enzymes (SOD, CAT, GPx, Vit-C, Vit-E, GSH) were found to be increased after treatments when compared to standard drug, Glibenclamide. Thus, this study shows that A. aspera have a potent antidiabetic action.