Genetic diversity and molecular characterization of several Heliconia species in Colombia (original) (raw)
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Genetic relationships among Heliconia (Heliconiaceae) species based on RAPD markers
Genetics and Molecular Research, 2010
The family Heliconiaceae contains a single genus, Heliconia, with approximately 180 species of Neotropical origin. This genus was formerly allocated to the family Musaceae, but today forms its own family, in the order Zingiberales. The combination of inverted flowers, a single staminode and drupe fruits is an exclusive characteristic of Heliconia. Heliconias are cultivated as ornamental garden plants, and are of increasing importance as cut flowers. However, there are taxonomic confusions and uncertainties about the number of species and the relationships among them. Molecular studies are therefore necessary for better understanding of the species boundaries of these plants. We examined the genetic variability and the phylogenetic relationships of 124 accessions of the genus Heliconia based on RAPD markers. Phenetic and cladistic analyses, using 231 polymorphic RAPD markers, demonstrated that the genus Heliconia is monophyletic. Groupings corresponding to currently recognized species and some subgenera were found, and cultivars and hybrids were found to cluster with their parents. RAPD analysis generally agreed with morphological species classification, except for the position of the subgenus Stenochlamys, which was found to be polyphyletic.
Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad
We report 4 new records of Heliconia species (Heliconiaceae) for the region of Chajul, one of the most studied sites of the Mexican Lacandona. Records are for H. champneiana Griggs cv. Maya Gold, H. latispatha Bentham cv. Orange Gyro, H. vaginalis Bentham, and H. wagneriana Petersen. We provide a brief description of morphological and ecological traits of the species and demonstrate the high potential they have to be cultivated in biodiversity-friendly cropping systems. We suggest the use of Heliconia in the enrichment of secondary forests and forest fragments as an alternative of combining forest management with biological conservation.
Biodiversitas, 2019
Hapsari L, Trimanto, Wahyudi D. 2019. Species diversity and phylogenetic analysis of Heliconia spp. collections of Purwodadi Botanic Garden (East Java, Indonesia) inferred by rbcL gene sequences. Biodiversitas 20: 1266-1283. Heliconia L. is a single genus in the family Heliconiaceae, with approximate consists of 200 species. It has wide morphological variations among and within species which led to problems in species identification. Species diversity and phylogenetic analysis using morphology and rbcL marker subjected to 17 Heliconia spp. living collections of Purwodadi Botanic Garden (PBG) have been conducted. The rbcL gene located in chloroplast genome is one of appropriate proposed marker for plant barcoding assessment. This study aimed to study morphology and genetic variability of the PBG Heliconiaceae collections, to confirms the species name for a more accurate identity record and to reveal the diversity and phylogenetics of the species. Morphological characterization showed high variability among Heliconia species, which included 3 subgenera (Heliconia, Stenochlamys, and Griggsia) and 1 hybrid. Each species possessed unique morphological characteristics. The common morphological characters which distinguished among and within Heliconia species includes leaf form, inflorescence type, and bract characteristics. Key to the Heliconia species examined is presented in this paper. However, molecular confirmation using rbcL sequences showed high conservation level (0.932) and low genetic variability. About 656 nucleotides were monomorphic and 33 positions were polymorphic which comprised 18 singleton variable sites and 15 parsimony informative sites. Twelve haplotypes were produced with haplotype diversity value 0.8952. Pairwise distance analysis shows that they were shared high similarity of rbcL sequences with very low genetic distance (0.022 to 0.000). The topology of phylogenetic tree resulted by Neighbour-Joining algorithm has the best grouping and be able to explain the relationship among species of Heliconia, although supported by low bootstrap (65). It was separated into two clades following its subgen. classification. Clade 1 consists of subgen. Heliconia and Griggsia; while clade 2 consists of subgen. Heliconia and Stenochlamys; also hybrid species. Further, separation of deeper branchings (section) was inconsistent and unclear. Upon this study, rbcL marker was considered too conserved thus less valuable for phylogenetic analysis at lower taxa among and within Heliconia spp. However, rbcL was suggested to distinguish at higher level taxa between closely related genus and above.
Morphological Characterization in Wild Species of <i>Heliconias</i> (<i>Heliconia</i> spp) in Mexico
American Journal of Plant Sciences, 2017
In Mexico, the utilization of native heliconias germplasm for preservation and genetic improvement purposes, has been limited partly because of the unawareness between their population similarities and differences, and because of the degree of genetic divergence that exists among the interspecific and intraspecific ecotypes originated from different regions of the humid tropics. The objective of the present study was to morphological characterization wild species of the genus Heliconias in Mexico through some qualitative and quantitative morphological descriptors. Fifty-five qualitative and quantitative morphological characters were studied in 25 accessions from 11 native species. Characters of plant, leaf, inflorescence, flower, fruit, and seed were taken into account. Data was analyzed by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis. Two analyses were carried out: the first one was for the 25 accessions that included characters of flower (55 variables), whereas the second was for only 19 accessions (66 variables) concluded until seed. The first six components explained a 69.4% of the total variation based on PCA. The variables which contributed most significantly were: leaf length (p < 0.001), limb width (p < 0.001), limb's petiole length (p < 0.001), pseudostem thickness (p < 0.05)/width at 60 cm (p < 0.05), rachis width (p < 0.05)/thickness (p < 0.001), second bract width (p < 0.001), growth (p < 0.001) and type of inflorescence (p < 0.05), petiole (p < 0.05) and peduncle length (p < 0.05), rachis color (p < 0.05), and wax in limb (p < 0.05) and in pseudostem (p < 0.05). Thirty-eight descriptors were suggested to differentiate wild species of heliconias in Mexico.
Molecular characterization of Heliconia by RAPD assay
Journal of Tropical Agriculture, 2006
Seventeen Heliconia species and varieties were analyzed using RAPD markers. Eight primers, which produced the highest number of bands, were used for DNA amplification. The genetic similarity matrix constructed with Jaccard’s coefficient using RAPD marker scores showed that the highest value was between Petra Orange and Parakeet, while the lowest was between Golden Torch and H. humilis . The 17 species and varieties of Heliconia formed nine distinct clusters at similarity coefficient value of 0.42, implying a strong parallelism between genetic and morphologic/ taxonomic variability of Heliconia genotypes. Petra Orange, Deep Orange, Parakeet, Pascal, and Alan Carle formed a big cluster within which Petra Orange and Parakeet formed a more cohesive entity.
Biologia, 2014
Helichrysum (family Asteraceae) is a large, heterogeneous and polyphyletic genus. Most of the Helichrysum species have ornamental and medicinal values. Helicrysum leucocephalum Boiss., has wide geographical distribution in Iran and forms several local populations. The present investigation was performed to study inter populations , genetic, cytogenetic and morphological diversity of this medicinal species. The AMOVA test showed significant genetic difference among the studied populations but the Mantel test did not show correlation between the genetic distance and geographical distance of these populations. STRUCTURE and reticulation analyses showed some degree of genetic admixture and gene exchange among the studied populations. These populations had different chromosome numbers and also differed significantly in the size of their chromosomes.
Systematic Botany, 1991
Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) and isozyme data were used to reconstruct the evolutionary history of the 21 taxa comprising Helianthus sect Helianthus. Low levels of cpDNA and isozyme divergence suggest a recent origin, perhaps within the last 1-2 million years, with subsequent rapid evolution and diversification throughout North America. This, combined with evolutionary phenomena such as phylogenetic sorting and introgression, makes phylogenetic reconstruction difficult. A strict consensus tree derived from Wagner parsimony analysis of the isozyme data set showed almost complete lack of resolution. The three clades resolved were, however, largely consistent with previous phylogenetic hypotheses. The most parsimonious cpDNA-based Wagner tree was poorly resolved, but showed that sect. Helianthus as presently circumscribed is monophyletic. Surprisingly, the cpDNA-based phylogeny does not resemble any of the previous phylogenetic hypotheses for this group based on evidence from morphology, crossability, sesquiterpene lactone chemistry, and inferred chromosomal end arrangements. In general, species geographically most proximal are most closely related in terms of cpDNA, maternal inheritance of which is demonstrated herein. All four polytypic species in sect. Helianthus are polyphyletic in terms of cpDNA. Morphological classification and cpDNA genotype were discordant for populations or species of H , annuus, H. debilis subsp. cucumerifolius, H. neglectus, H. petiolaris subsp.fallax, H. petiolaris subsp. petiolaris, and H , anomalus. Cytoplasmic introgression appears to be the most parsimonius explanation for these discrepancies. The edaphic differentiation and generally allopatric distribution of most taxa in sect. Helianthus are consistent with an allopatric mode of speciation. Molecular and chromosomal evidence, however, suggest that allopatric, ~a r a~a t r i c , and quantum speciation all operate. In addition, at least one geographic race may have been derived through introgression and three species appear to be derived via selection or random fixation of recombinant genotypes following interspecific hybridization. We also tested the hypothesis that levels of genetic polymorphism will be lower in geographically restricted species than in more widespread species. Eight of the 11narrow endemics analyzed had lower levels of genetic diversity than any of their more widespread congeners.
Characterization of 10 microsatellite markers for the understorey Amazonian herb Heliconia acuminata
Molecular Ecology Resources, 2009
We characterized 10 microsatellite loci for the plant Heliconia acuminata from the Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project (Manaus, Brazil). Markers were screened in 61 individuals from one population and were found to be polymorphic with an average of eight alleles per locus. We found moderate to high levels of polymorphic information content, and observed and expected heterozygosities. All 10 markers are suitable for spatial genetic structure and parentage analyses and will be used for understanding H. acuminata ...