Strategies on the development of ecotourism at the Bucharest in the context of globalization (original) (raw)
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Main Strategic Directions Of Ecotourism Development In Romania
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Ecotourism implies a great opportunity to develop areas that have the necessary resources and conditions, a safe alternative for integrating natural landscapes and biodiversity in tourism activity. Romania has an important ecotourism heritage, with great potential for capitalization. However, this domain faces many problems related to poor cooperation at the local level, poor development of ecotourism infrastructure, lack of qualified workforce, insufficient promotion. The main priorities for the development of ecotourism in Romania aim to improve the institutional and associative framework, development of visitor infrastructure, education and awareness of the visitors and the local communities, human resource development, local business development, nature protection and conservation, marketing and promotion of ecotourism product.
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Given that ecotourism, as a form of sustainable tourism, registered a further develop in recent decades, and an increasing interest from tourists and specialists in the study of tourism, this paper is timely and appropriate. The tourism, like a socio-economic phenomenon, has experienced continuous growth and diversification, wearing new forms, such as rural tourism, agro-tourism, ecotourism, etc. This study includes both theoretical concepts, documentation obtained from the literature and a series of concrete results on the degree of development of ecotourism in Romania. Is shown, in particular, organized ecotourism situation as a form of tourism in protected areas.
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Romania has an outstanding natural and cultural heritage which is not yet valorised to its full potential through ecotourism. In order to do so, the existence of green tourism businesses is not enough to assure authentic ecotourism experiences. Ecotourism principles and guidelines need to be applied and reinforced by all stakeholders: businesses, governmental authorities and NGOs, with the aim of developing ecotourism destinations. In this context, the present paper uses a case study approach to outline the challenges of developing these ecotourism destinations in Romania. Several initiatives and projects are outlined as well as their work in progress.
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In the current socioeconomic context the major issues currently facing humanity (high consumption of non-renewable resources, excessive deforestation, environmental pollution) can be overcome through the sustainable development of tourism industry, which involves finding the ways to protect and conserve the environment, that are capable of meeting the needs of the present without compromising the quality of life of future generations. Ecotourism as the main manifestation of sustainable tourism, is able to preserve the vulnerable ecosystems and cultural values, and increase the living standards of human habitats, thereby unifying decisions concerning the environment and the economy. In addition, it should be remembered that the Romanian rural areas has preserved over time the cultural values and traditions, but also the hospitality which have consecrated us as a welcoming country, allowing Romania a superior capitalization of the village with tourism function regardless of the area where it is located. Thus, the villages with tourism function attract visitors' attention by their geographical beauty be it mountain, hill, plain or delta, which together with ethnographic and folk heritage complete a diversified offer of ecotourism motivations. Considering these aspects, this paper aims to provide an overview of the way in which ecotourism can ensure the sustainable development of the rural communities from Romania.
Sustainable Tourism in Romania: Tendencies, Opportunities and Threats (coautor)
papers.ssrn.com
Tourism represents one of the fast-developing sectors in Europe. The economic, political and demographic changes indicate that the proportion of common expenses for tourism is increasing fast, but the political measures for promoting long-term tourism advance slowly. It is well known that there is a tight interdependence between the global economic growth, the structure of economy, the use of natural resources and the changes in the environment. The economic activities using natural resources modify the environment; moreover, the nature of this change also determines the way in which these activities will take place in the future. People's welfare results not only from economic activities, but also from the joy the environment, in its broadest sense, can generate. As a distinct sub-field of economy, tourism develops in complex and very diverse forms. Therefore, tourism became a growing burden for the environment because of the use of water, soil and energy, of the development of the infrastructure, of buildings and facilities, because of pollution and waste, of soil fragmentation and the increase of the number of secondary residences. In some popular destinations, these pressures have caused a severe degradation of the local environment, which in its turn affects the tourist interest of these places. Some countries that used to be little visited in the past, especially in Central and Eastern Europe, such as Romania, are becoming more and more attractive due to their economic transition and opening of borders, which provides them with huge potential for the development of tourism. The holiday spending model changes, as pauses are shorter and people travel more often for shorter stays, and visit places that are more remote from their home. The price of trips continues to lower, and at the same time the tourism quota in common expenses grows. This should not make us forget, as Norbert Suchanek says, that there are three tourist tendencies extremely dangerous for the environment and for the social and economic situation in the developing countries that have expanded, that is, an increase in the number of plane travelers, of all-inclusive holidays and of cruises. Tourist experience has proved, in time, that irrespective of the type of tourism practiced, in general there result a series of impacts felt both by the society and at the level of the natural environment. The development of tourism in a certain area must not affect however the socio-economic interests of the resident population, nor those of the environment an, especially, of the natural resources that represent the main attraction, together with historic and cultural sites. Long-term development of tourism is especially apparent in the following three important fields: economy, ecology and society and culture. Long-term tourism can be implemented with tourist development, which must be supported under an ecological aspect, viable and profitable from an economic point of view, and balanced from an ethical and social point of view for the local population. Keywords: long-term tourism, tourist development, tourist tendencies, ethics In this context, we aim in this paper to identify the tendencies manifested through opportunities and threats for long-term tourism in Romania, considering that numerous supporting and financing actions for tourism are the focus of Europe and the entire world.
Ecotourism as a viable alternative for economic development of Romanian rural communities
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Perspective the use of space tourism in rural area, but not only in this area, must be based on the concept of ecological space based on the principle of equity, then an area needs to be provided in-house and in conditions of sustainable development. Sustainable human development can not be conceived outside the human settlements development of a viable economy and a diversified social life in a healthy environment, ensured respect cultural heritage - historical society. Numerous researches have shown that ecotourism can be a viable alternative for economic development of Romanian rural communities. This research aims to study ecotourism in the context of sustainable development of rural Romanian areas and conditions to protect its natural resources. This category of natural resources now put the following problems: exploitation beyond the regeneration, especially in soils and forests, pollution of the environment that minimizes the potential for regeneration. Having as main source ...
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The Perception of Romania as a Tourist Destination into Sustainable Development
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Abstract: After 50 years of communism, of values destruction, of chaotic real estate evolution, of a kitsch tourist image perceived by those visiting our country, of values reversal, of values dilution, all of us who love our country and tourism wonder what and how to do to transform Romania into an attractive destination. Recently, the ones from National Geographic Traveler (the travelling publication with the widest audience, having over 8.5 million readers) have given us a ball of oxygen; have shown us a ray of hope by classifying Maramures in the Top 20 mandatory tourist destinations for 2015, summing up a series of criteria: authenticity, sustainability, cultural richness, etc. Maramures has all these qualities. The perception of Romania as a tourist destination is unclear; it has not got a good reputation as a bona fide destination for occasional tourists. The re-launching of tourism from Romania, of the tourist destinations and the attraction of a larger number of foreign tourists could bring supplementary benefits, but with many necessary changes, in the tourism managers’ opinion. The following are dedicated to them. Why ecology in tourism? Why ecology and sustainability of hospitality? Why ecology of tourism? These are questions that I have partially answered and the article tries to bring to the attention of tourism phenomenon lovers issues, thoughts, experiences… Keywords: perception; destination; sustainable development; tourist; attractions
The Dynamic of European and Romanian Ecotourisms – a Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis
Romanian Economic Business Review, 2012
Europe occupies the first position in the field of tourism: the first half of 2011 was much more profitable than the same period of last year. In January-February 2011 268 million international arrivals were registered worldwide, approximately 12 million more than the previous year, when 256 million international arrivals were registered.
At this moment, both in our country and in the European Union, rural tourism and ecotourism are among the most dynamic forms of tourism, a result of the advantages which it offers bouth tourists and host communities. Rural areas are rich in ecological and rural diversity. For a long time in their existence, rural communities have relied on the abundance of natural resources. But in the 20th century, major changes in technology, political or economic reasons have brought a profound transformation in agriculture, as well as other industrial resources were renewerable, which has led rural communities to be dependent on their face. For rural areas, the fast pace of change has brought with it not only opportunities but also favourable challenges. Sustainable development of Romanian local communities through ecotourism and rural tourism represents a requirement and at the same time a tendency of contemporary evolution. This process includes a suite of particularities of nature followed from tourist activity, specify in its complexity and interacting with the environment and other sectors of the economy, the magnitude and variety of social relations which they generate, on the one hand, and the characteristics of sustainable development, in general, on the other hand. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the existing relationship between rural tourism and ecotourism, between the need for sustainable development and the need to preserve the local traditions, and to observe if such equilibrium is feasible between these two terms. Keywords: ecotourism, communities, rural tourism, sustainable development