Parametric pressure-volume analysis and acoustic radiation force impulse imaging of left ventricular function (original) (raw)

In vivo quantification of myocardial stiffness in hypertensive porcine hearts using MR elastography

Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI, 2016

To determine alteration in left ventricular (LV) myocardial stiffness (MS) with hypertension (HTN). Cardiac MR elastography (MRE) was used to estimate MS in HTN induced pigs and MRE-derived MS measurements were compared against LV pressure, thickness and circumferential strain. Renal-wrapping surgery was performed to induce HTN in eight pigs. LV catheterization (to measure pressure) and cardiac MRI (1.5 Tesla; gradient echo-MRE and tagging) was performed pre-surgery at baseline (Bx), and post-surgery at month 1 (M1) and month 2 (M2). Images were analyzed to estimate LV-MS, thickness, and circumferential strain across the cardiac cycle. The associations between end-diastolic (ED) and end-systolic (ES) MS and (i) mean LV pressure; (ii) ED and ES thickness, respectively; and (iii) circumferential strain were evaluated using Spearman's correlation method. From Bx to M2, mean pressure, MRE-derived stiffness, and thickness increased while circumferential strain decreased significantly...

Ultrasound Strain Imaging of Altered Myocardial Stiffness

Circulation, 2004

Background— In this study we evaluate the diastolic deformation of ischemic/reperfused myocardium and relate this deformation to tissue elastic properties. Methods and Results— Farm pigs were subjected to left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion followed by reperfusion to create either stunning (n=12) or transmural myocardial infarction (n=12). Ultrasound-derived radial strain rates (SR) and strain were measured in the ischemic and remote walls. Myocardial stiffness was estimated from diastolic pressure–wall thickness relationship obtained from preload alterations. At reperfusion, end-systolic strain (ε sys ) was significantly reduced in both stunned and infarcted walls compared with their remote walls (3±3% versus 26±2% and 1±0% versus 33±5%, respectively; P <0.0001) or baseline values. Diastolic passive deformation (ε A ) and rates of deformation during early (E SR ) and late (A SR ) diastole were comparable between stunned and remote walls (ε A : 7.3±1.6% versus 7.9±...

Dynamic left ventricular elastance: a model for integrating cardiac muscle contraction into ventricular pressure-volume relationships

Journal of Applied Physiology, 2008

To integrate myocardial contractile processes into left ventricular (LV) function, a mathematical model was built. Muscle fiber force was set equal to the product of stiffness and elastic distortion of stiffness elements, i.e., force-bearing cross bridges (XB). Stiffness dynamics arose from recruitment of XB according to the kinetics of myofilament activation and fiber-length changes. Elastic distortion dynamics arose from XB cycling and the rate-of-change of fiber length. Muscle fiber stiffness and distortion dynamics were transformed into LV chamber elastance and volumetric distortion dynamics. LV pressure equaled the product of chamber elastance and volumetric distortion, just as muscle-fiber force equaled the product of muscle-fiber stiffness and lineal elastic distortion. Model validation was in terms of its ability to reproduce cycle-time-dependent LV pressure response, ΔP( t), to incremental step-like volume changes, ΔV, in the isolated rat heart. All ΔP( t), regardless of th...