Mineralogy and Physicochemistry of Smectites Saturated with Inorganic and Organic Cations (original) (raw)

The mineralogical and physicochemical characteristics of various types of modified smectites exchanged with inorganic (Ca and Na) and organic cations such as Hexadecyltrimethylammonium (HDTMA), Benzyldimethyltetradecylammonium (BDTDA), and Cetylpyridinium (CP) by the ionic exchange reaction were investigated for the suggestion of new industrial application. The smectites satutated with inorganic cations (Ca and Na) show quite different mineralogical and chemical properties in basal spacing (d 001 ), pH, viscosity, swelling and flocculation and dispersion behaviors according to interlayer cation types. Confirmed factors controlling mineralogical and chemical properties of smectite are layer charge and interlayer cation type of smectite as well as smectite (montmorillonite) content. Inorganic satutared smectites show an the excellent adsorption of heavy metals such as Cu, Pb, and Cd, but are less efficient and unstable for the adsorption of actinides (U and Th) and lanthanide elements...