Medium-density particleboards from rice husks and soybean protein concentrate (original) (raw)
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Bioresource Technology, 2010
The main goal of this work was to evaluate the technical feasibility of using rice husk (RH) as wood substitute in the production of environmentally sound medium-density particleboards using adhesives from soybean protein concentrate (SPC). Chemical modification of rice husk with sodium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide followed by hydrogen peroxide (bleaching) were undertaken to evaluate the effect of such treatments on the composition and topology of rice husk and the performance of produced panels. Both treatments were efficient in partially eliminating hemicelluloses, lignin and silica from RH, as evidenced by thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA). Scanning electron microscopy observations suggested that alkaline treatment resulted in a more damaged RH substrate than bleaching. The dependence of mechanical properties (modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, and internal bond) and the physical properties (water absorption and thickness swelling) on chemical treatments performed on both, rice husk and SPC was studied. Bleached-rice husk particleboards bonded with alkaline-treated soybean protein concentrate displayed the best set of final properties. Particleboards with this formulation met the minimum requirements of internal bond, modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture recommended by the US Standard ANSI/A208.1 specifications for M1, MS and M2-grade medium-density particleboards, but failed to achieve the thickness swelling value recommended for general use panels. This limitation of soybean protein concentrate-bonded rice husk particleboards was counterbalanced by the advantage of being formaldehyde-free which makes them a suitable alternative for indoor applications.
Construction and Building Materials, 2020
The effect of the impregnation with tung oil on the physical and mechanical properties of high density particleboards based on rice husk and soy protein concentrate adhesive was evaluated. Impregnation increased the modulus of rupture and internal bond and decreased the moisture content of particleboards, also reducing water absorption and thickness swelling, reaching the requirements established by ANSI Standard A208.1 for high-density particleboards for use in outdoor environment with occasional wetting. Besides, bending properties remained stable up to three months at 80% RH. Tung oil was viable to improve the physical and mechanical properties of the obtained particleboards.
Journal of Physics: Conference Series
Research of modifying particle board has been prepared by mixing of pinus merkusii sawdust and rice husk, where used of adhesive base on Boiled Soybean Water (BSW) has been done. The research utilize the rise husk and sawdust pines mixed, and used of a renewable and environmental adhesive to replace the toxic and carcinogenic one. The testing of adhesive included are; colour, pH, solid contain, gelatination time, density and viscosity. Result showed yellowish colour, 10 of pH, 44.70 % of solid contained, 56.29 minutes of gelatination time, and 1.1656 g/cm 3 and 182.4387 cP of viscocity respectively. While the particle boards testing include are density, moisture, immersion, thickness, Modulus of Rapture (MOR) and Modulus of Elasticity (MOE). The particle board best ratio it was 1:4 (Rice husk: pinus merkusii sawdust). Result of each parameter are, 0.7735 g/cm 3 of density, 5.79 % of moisture, however the immersion for 2 hours is 26.90 % and immersion for 24 hours is 39.77 %, 101.1592 kg/cm 2 of MOR and 18,248.3063 kg/cm 2 of MOE. The summary, the adhesive based on SNI 06-4567-1998 and the particle board based on
Particleboard Based on Rice Husk: Effect of Binder Content and Processing Conditions
Journal of Renewable Materials, 2017
In the development of materials based on renewable resources, the search for lignocellulosic substitutes for wood is one of the biggest challenges that academia and the particleboard and wood industries are facing. In this article, particleboards were processed using rice husk, an agricultural waste, as a substitute for wood. Rice husk without any further treatment was processed into particleboards using phenol-formaldehyde resin as binder. The effect of the processing parameters, pressure and binder content (BC) on the density, water absorption (WA), thickness swelling (TS), modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE) was analyzed. The performance of the obtained panels was evaluated in comparison with the US Standard ANSI/ A208.1. Particleboards with 11% of BC met the minimum requirements of MOR and MOE recommended by the ANSI specifications for commercial use, while particleboards with high BC (14%) also accomplished the requirements for industrial use, finding a resourceful use for this agricultural waste.
Flexural and tensile properties of biobased rice husk-jute-soybean protein particleboards
Journal of Building Engineering, 2020
Low flexural strength is one of the major drawbacks of most alternative raw materials particleboards. In this sense, we study the effect of incorporating a natural reinforcement, bidirectional jute fabric, on the final properties of particleboard based on rice husk and soy protein-based adhesive. The addition of two jute fabric layers improved significantly the mechanical properties of the particleboards (flexure and tensile) exceeding the ANSI standard established values for medium density particleboards for indoor use, without affecting the water absorption and thickness swelling. Tensile strength values of reinforced boards were also numerically predicted according the rule of mixtures.
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan
Particleboard is a panel product made of wood particles or other lignocellulosic materials added with adhesive then pressed. The development of particleboard manufactured using non wood biomass has become important due to the decreased of wood as main raw material for the particleboard industry. Corn husk (Zea mays L.) and Sembilang bamboo (Dendrocalamus giganteus Munro) are lignocellulosic biomass that has potential as renewable materials for hybrid particleboard. The purposes of this study were to determine the suitability, the effect of adhesive type, and particle composition on physical and mechanical properties of hybrid particleboard made of corn husk and Sembilang bamboo particles. The adhesive types used were urea formaldehyde (UF) and phenol formaldehyde (PF) with 10 wt% adhesive content and the composition of corn husk : Sembilang bamboo was set at 100 : 0, 75 : 25, 50 : 50, 25 : 75, 0 : 100 (% w/w). The target density of hybrid particleboard was set at 0.80 g/cm3. The ...
International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives, 2018
This study investigated the efficacy of epichlorohydrin-modified oil palm starch as an adhesive in addition to urea formaldehyde, to minimise the use of urea formaldehyde adhesive in particleboard manufacturing. A single-layer particleboard was fabricated from rubberwood particles and urea formaldehyde resin supplemented with modified oil palm starch adhesive. The adhesive performance was analysed by studying the physical properties (actual density, moisture content, thickness swelling and water absorption) and mechanical properties (bending strength and internal bond strength) of the prepared panels. The panels of two target densities were manufactured (600 and 800 kg/m 3) at two different pressing times (15 min and 20 min). The performance of manufactured panels were analysed by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. The panels manufactured in this study met the minimum required strength as stated in Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS) but a lower water resistant property. Furthermore, a panel with a density of 800kg/m 3 had 2 improved mechanical properties in comparison to a panel exhibiting a density of 600kg/m 3 when manufactured with a 15 min pressing time.
BioResources
An adhesive for particleboards based on natural materials was prepared. Soy flour (38.9 wt%), magnesium oxide (MgO) (2.8 wt%), and a hydrolysate from an agricultural crop (13.9 wt%) were mixed with water and ground in a ball mill at 44% solids. The solubility and interaction of the soy flour proteins and the proteins contained in the plant hydrolysate were triggered by the strong basic environment created by MgO in the presence of water. The natural adhesive appeared to be thermally stable at temperatures from 130 °C to 240 °C, with unchanged mass and no major signals in the thermal analysis curves. These results, together with a viscosity of 510 Pa·s at 25 °C, suggested a good operability of the adhesive. Three-layered particleboards were manufactured with weight combinations of natural adhesive and polyamidoamine-epichlorohydrin (PAE) of 0%:100%, 33%:67%, 50%:50%, 67%:33%, and 100%:0%. The natural adhesive showed inferior internal bond strength and poor water resistance compared w...
High-density particleboard made from agro-industrial waste and different adhesives
BioResources, 2019
Particleboards were made using particles from sugarcane bagasse and eucalyptus residues of the pulp industry. The particleboard properties were evaluated according to ABNT NBR 14810-1 (2013), ABNT NBR 14810-2 (2013), and ANSI A208.1 (1999) standards, which compared the efficiency of castor oil-based polyurethane resin (PU-Castor) and urea-formaldehyde resin (UF). The particleboards were composed of 60% wood particles and 40% bagasse, with a 10% adhesive dose based on the dry mass of particles. The following parameters were evaluated: apparent density, moisture content (MC), thickness swelling after 24 h, modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity to static bending (MOE), and internal bond strength of panels (IB). The results obtained demonstrated the potential use of eucalyptus and sugarcane bagasse residues in the production of high-density particleboards. The panels produced with PU-Castor showed greater efficiency, and their physical and mechanical properties were compatible...
Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, 2017
Because the timber market is more and more competitive, the particleboard manufacturers are looked for new sources of vegetal raw material supply. In the same time, the use of healthier, safer and more environmentally friendly materials become a priority in the building sector. In this context, some agricultural byproducts as annual plant stems can be an interesting alternative. In fact these resources are abundant, renewable and safe raw material. Moreover their porous structure gives them interesting properties for building materials such as lightness and thermal insulation capacity. In order to diversify raw material supply sources of a particleboard manufacturer, two agricultural byproducts have been studied: flax shives and sunflower bark. The particleboards are made at a laboratory scale by thermocompression of vegetal raw particles at a target density of 500 kg.m-3. Two particle sizes have been compared in the panels for each agroresource: 0.5-2 mm and 2-5mm. The vegetal particles are bonded by different methods:-without addition of any binder. In that case water is sprayed on the vegetal particles before the forming process at 80% w/w. The lignocellulosic compounds contained in the agroresources can act as binders.-with a biosourced binder based on casein, incorporated at different rates with the vegetal particles. The observed mechanical behavior (by bending test and internal bond) for the particleboards can be very different in function of the agroresource, the particle size and the binder used. The different materials are also compared by their thermal properties and their behavior with water. By using a biobased binder the mechanical properties of the particleboards are very better. For all studied properties, panels made with flax shives present better properties than these made with sunflower bark so flax shives seem more suitable for particleboard manufacturing. Butwith optimization of the formulation and the process, both studied agroresources could be used in particleboards for applications as furniture or door panel and efficient 100% biobased panels can be obtained.