Mixed Racial and Ethnic Classification in the Philippines (original) (raw)

The Palgrave International Handbook of Mixed Racial and Ethnic Classification, 2020

Abstract

The diversity of Filipinos is an outcome of migration, intermarriage, and centuries of colonialism. Classification and stratification of ethnic peoples according to differentiated physical features, social class, religion, language, and geopolitical location show that ethnic, racial, and national categories in Philippines contain historical, political, and socioeconomic meanings. Since independence, the Philippines has been preoccupied with building a nation-state with political institutions and legislations that raise the primacy of Filipino national identity. Recognizing ethnic diversity has become of marginal significance to the advancement of national integration and development. Nation-state enterprise has yet to incorporate people of mixed heritage. Nevertheless, notable institutional and legislative mechanisms have been introduced in recent years to measure mixedness in the Philippines to a certain extent. Ethnic codification, circulation of nationality data, and the Dual Nationality Act may be regarded as milestones in the census system. Local and international non-governmental organizations (NGOs) have played a crucial role in broadening recognition of people with mixed ethnic and racial identities. Certain structural changes and ethnographic surveys are necessary to effectively define and measure mixedness in the Philippines.

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