Study of the behavior of cultivars from a world collection of olive (Olea spp.) in Morocco (original) (raw)
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Phenotypic Correlations among Agronomic Traits in Olive Progenies
Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 2004
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2014
In this study, 15 morphological descriptors were us ed to characterize and to determine the genetic diversity of the olive tree in the region of Ouazza ne, represented by 21 local and foreign cultivars a nd suspected clones of Picholine Marocaine and types o f oleasters. Relating to the organs, the discriminating potential of the fruit characters wa s higher than that of the endocarp and leaf charact ers. The similarity index of Rogers Tanimoto between var ieties and the studied local types ranged from a minimum of 56, 66% to a maximum of 100%. Picual ind ividuals of Ouazzane and Mjaara areas are similar for all 15 discriminating characters. The sobservation was noted for the Picholine Marocaine individuals’ type M6, S1 and S2. The indi viduals Ascolana tenera of Sidi Bousber and Ouazzane areas are also identical. Traditional vari eties (Bouchouk Laghlide, Bouchouk Rkike, Bakhboukh Beldi, Bouchouika and Dahbia) were identi fied by a distinct phenotype, with a tendency to morphologic...
International Journal of Agriculture & Environmental Science, 2017
This research aims to evaluate some productive and technological traits for 12 olive cultivars (Olea europaea L.), to select the best of them for Propagation, and genetic improvement programs. Samples were collected from 10 introduced and 2 local cultivars, during the years 2015 and 2016, from Bouka Center in Lattakia, Syria. Cultivars were evaluated for technological and productive traits. Three trees/cultivar were analyzed. Data were subjected to ANOVA analysis. For technological traits, the fruit weight average varied between cultivars. The highest weight was found in Spanish Gordal (10.3 g) while the lowest weight was found in Algerian Chemlal cultivar (1.44g.) For stone trait, the weight average ranged between medium and very big weight. All olive cultivars showed high reflux% except Chemlal and Frantoio where they had low value. Highest value of oil percentage (26.6%) was detected in Frantoio cultivar and the lowest value was in Gordal cultivar (13.4%). Concerning the productive traits, the highest tree production of fruits was in Tanche (36.67kg/tree) and the lowest one was in Trilia cultivar (1.67 kg/tree). Picholine, Coratina, Frantoio and Khdairi cultivars showed stable yield between years while alternate bearing phenomenon was more obvious in the rest of cultivars.
Evaluating the Performance of Eleven Olive Cultivars in Fars Province of Iran
Journal of Horticultural Science, 2016
Olive (Olea europaea L.) consumption and production are socially and economically important in Iran. The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the vegetative characteristics, floral biology, fruit characteristics, oil percentage, and yield of eleven olive cvs. (‘Arbequina’, ‘Amygdalolia’, ‘Bledy’, ‘Roghani’, ‘Zard’, ‘Sevillana’, ‘Koroneiki’, ‘Conservalia’, ‘Gordal Sevillana’, ‘Manzanilla’, and ‘Mission’) in Kazeroun olive research station, Fars province, Iran. This experiment, conducted in completely randomized blocks design with three replications, was active for five years, 2004 until 2008. The results exhibited morphological trait differences across the cultivars. ‘Amygdalolia’ and ‘Conservalia’ were suitable in subtropical areas for canning and oil, ‘Sevillana’, ‘Manzanilla’, and ‘Gordal Sevillana’ as canning ‘Arbequina’ and ‘Koroneiki’ can be grown as oil cultivars in subtropical climate.
European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology, 2018
Algeria has several genetic resources on olive trees, mainly made up of small indigenous cultivars, and a very important wild heritage. Twenty olive samples including eight cultivars and twelve wild trees from the province of Bejaia (Algeria) are characterized, by combining molecular data (13 SSRs), fruit and pit morphological traits, fatty acids composition, and phenolic compounds of the extra virgin olive oils (EVOOs). The genetic results based on PCoA, UPGMA, and AMOVA analyses demonstrate that olive cultivars and wild trees are mixed, suggesting kinship relationships between cultivated and wild olive trees and even cases of synonymy between some cultivars. PCA analysis on morphological traits shows a good separation of the two olive botanical varieties, the wild olive trees producing smaller fruits than those of the cultivated ones. Significant differences are also found in terms of fatty acids and phenol compounds composition of the EVOOs. Wild olive oils show the highest contents on phenolic compounds, mainly oleocanthal, as well as a considerable richness on oleic acid. The comparison of pairwise distances between olive trees obtained by genetic, morphological, fatty acids and phenolic compounds contents data using Mantel's test indicates a significant correlation among morphological characteristics, DNA polymorphism, and phenolic compounds. The results obtained in the present work contribute to reveal the diversity existing in the cultivated and wild olive trees of the region of Bejaia, shedding some light on the importance of Algerian olives germplasm. Practical Applications: Cultivated and wild olive diversity are assessed by genetic, morphological, fatty acids and phenolic composition. SSR marker analysis demonstrates the presence of a high genetic variation between the analyzed samples. A significant correlation of morphological characteristics with DNA polymorphism and phenolic compounds is found. A significant diversity in the wild and cultivated olive trees is observed.
Preliminary characterization and morph-agronomic evaluation of millennium olive varieties in Tunisia
2013
Tunisia is one of the oldest agricultural settlements in history. Evidences revealed by archeological excavations indicated that olives were cultivated before about 3000 years in Tunisia. Although the importance of millennium olives, studies about characterization and evaluation are scarce. The aims of this work were to make a morpho- agronomic characterization of eighteen millennium olive cultivars collected from eight different archeological sites. This work was conducted in the framework of the activities of the fruit tree network in the Tunisian National Gene Bank. Quantitative and qualitative traits were measured in pit, fruit and leaf samples, In order to group the genetic material and evaluate the phenotypic variability, descriptive statistics, cluster analysis, factorial and principal components analysis were used. The 18 accessions were grouped in 2 clusters based on the multivariate analysis of 18 traits. The collection featured phenotypic variability for all the studied t...
Yield, fruit and oil content of some olive trees (Olea europaea L.) field-grown in Tunisia
2015
Olives are one of the largest crops in the Mediterranean region, especially in Tunisia. This research assessed the performance of 19 cultivars of olives in rainfed conditions in the region of Chott Mariem during the 2010 to 2013 crop years. Average rainfall for those years was 422 mm in the area. In this study, varietal differences were considered in terms of yield, physical characteristics of the fruit and the oil content. The cultivars examined had their origins in Tunisia, Italy, Spain, France and Morocco. The effect of variety was highly significant (p < 0.05) for all traits. Based on our results, ‘Meski’, ‘Roumi’, ‘Besbessi’, ‘Picholine’ and ‘Lucques’ produced the highest cumulative yield over the four years of study. The largest fruits were given by ‘Tounsi’ and ‘Ascolana’, averaging respectively 7,98 and 6,09 g, whereas ‘Chemlali’ (0,74 g) and ‘Chetoui’ (1,91 g) had the smallest ones. The highest oil content was in ‘Picholine’ (19,62%), ‘Fougi’ (17,42%), ‘Chemlali’ (14,34%...
Yield, fruit and oil content of some olive (Olea europaea L.) cultivars field-grown in Tunisia
Annals of Biological Research, 2015
This study aims at characterizing nineteen cultivars of olive trees cultivated in the region of Chott Mariem in the coastal part of Tunisia under rainfed conditions. For that yield and pomological parameters were followed during four years from 2010 to 2013. We noticed a significant (P < 0.05) varietal differences in terms of yield, physical characteristics of the fruit and the oil content. Moreover, there were some fluctuations in the yield between years and a severe alternate bearing was clearly observed. Each cultivar expressed different pomological characters. The largest fruits were given by ‘Tounsi’ and ‘Ascolana’, averaging respectively 7,98 and 6,09 g, whereas ‘Chemlali’ (0,74 g) and ‘Chetoui’ (1,91 g) had the smallest ones. Based on our results, ‘Meski’, ‘Roumi’, ‘Besbessi’, ‘Picholine’ and ‘Lucques’ produced the highest cumulative yield over the four years of study. The highest oil content was observed in ‘Picholine’ (19,62%), ‘Fougi’ (17,42%), ‘Chemlali’ (14,34%) and ‘...
Journal of Applied Horticulture
The present study was carried out during five successive seasons (2010 to 2014) on mature autochthonous olive (Olea europaea L.) cultivars namely: Azeradj, Chemlal, Neb djemel, Rougette and Sigoise grown under drip irrigation system in Dhaouia's pilot farm in Oued Souf region in Algeria. Yield performance and pomological characteristics of these cultivars were studied. Results indicated that all of studied cultivars had acceptable olive production. Chemlal and Rougette recorded the highest cumulative yield over a five years period (306.6 and 294 kg/tree, respectively) whereas the lowest cumulative yield was from Neb djemel (243 kg/tree). Rougette had a remarkably alternate bearing index (0.18), whereas the other varieties showed a better stability in olive yields by a low alternate index (≤ 0.07). The largest fruit (6.86 g) were from Sigoise whereas Chemlal had the smallest fruit (1.76 g). Highest pulp fraction of total fruit weight (88.14%) was found in Sigoise, while the lowest (70.44%) was determined for Chemlal. Highest oil content in pulp dry weight was recorded in Rougette (36.31%) and Azeradj (32.35%), while the lowest values (20.14%) were recorded in Sigoise, Chemlal (27.71%) and Neb djemel (28.46%). Highest phenolic content in dry fruit pulp (23.56 mg GAE/g) was recorded in Sigoise whereas Azeradj had the lowest content (4.36 mg GAE/g). Based on these results, we recommend cultivating Sigoise and Neb djemel exclusively for table olive production in the Oued souf region, Rougette may be for dual purpose production, taking into account the economic feasibility for olive oil production in these desert areas.