Artificial reproduction of pikeperch (original) (raw)
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Aquaculture International, 2013
Pikeperch, Sander lucioperca (L.), has been identified as one of the most perspective candidates for diversification of freshwater aquaculture. However, some aspects of production are still being developed, and controlled reproduction is one of the bottlenecks. The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of different commercial spawning agents in the induction of final oocyte maturation (FOM) and ovulation in wild spawners. Within the study, four spawning agents [human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), mixed human and horse gonadotropin (PG-600), carp pituitary (CPH) and mammalian GnRH analogue combined with metoclopramide (Ovopel)] in different thermal regimes (13 and 15°C) were tested. In both thermal regimes, the highest (P \ 0.05) ovulation rate among the treatment groups was obtained after stimulation with hCG (100 % in both cases). Latency time was the shortest in groups where CPH was used (2-3 and 3-4 days for 15 and 13°C) and was similar in the remaining groups (3-4 and 4-5 days for 15 and 13°C, respectively). Embryo survival was the highest in groups treated with hCG (78.9 and 81.3 % at hatching stage for 15 and 13°C, respectively). Hormonal stimulation did not significantly affect spermiation rate or spermatozoa motility (P [ 0.05). Based on the obtained results, hCG can be recommended for induction of FOM and ovulation in pikeperch. In addition, the thermal regime within the tested range seemed to have no effect on the reproduction outcome, and the application of lower temperature only prolonged the time of ovulation.
Aquaculture, 2013
After temperature-induced puberty at 12°C for 12 weeks, the progression of gametogenesis in maturing pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) was studied at 12°C, 14°C, 16°C, and 18°C, compared with a control group reared at 23°C. The plasma concentration of the sex steroids estradiol (E2), testosterone (T), 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT), and 17α,20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17,20-P) as well as the histology of the gonad confirmed the successful induction of puberty in all treatment groups and an advanced gonadal maturation until the end of the experiment in both. After 16 weeks at 14°C, 80% of the female pikeperch examined were in mid vitellogenesis compared with a slower progression at 12°C, 16°C, and 18°C. After 20 weeks, all fish reared at 14°C accomplished mid vitellogenesis accompanied by a significant up-regulation of E2, which was also detected in the conspecifics reared at 12°C and 16°C, although not as advanced. In females reared at 18°C, only a small percentage reached mid vitellogenesis accompanied by decreasing E2 concentrations, succeeding the induction of puberty at week 12. After 20 weeks, the level of T as well as 11-KT peaked in fish of both sexes kept between 12°C and 16°C. As in females, temperature influenced postpubertal maturation in males, which was indicated by significant temperature dependent changes of the sex steroids. E2 plasma concentrations in males exhibited a bimodal pattern with two maxima, first after 12 weeks at the onset of puberty and the second after week 26, coinciding with the end of spermatogenesis as indicated by milt production. In conclusion, postpubertal temperatures around 14°C promoted a complete ripening in pikeperch of both sexes within 8 weeks, whereas higher temperatures constrained full gonadal maturation. Furthermore, with reference to the optimal temperature for the induction of puberty previously discussed, slightly higher temperatures around 14°C are optimal for postpubertal maturation. This clearly indicates the existence of a dynamic temperature influence for optimal maturation due to postpubertal inhibition of maturation at temperatures higher than 18°C. Consequently, in addition to the role of low temperatures in the induction of puberty, this is the first evidence that emphasizes the need for a closely controlled temperature range to be maintained during the ongoing maturation, which should be considered in year round production of pikeperch.
Aquaculture Research, 1996
Juvenile pikeperch 3.66 ± 0.23 cm total length (TL) and 0.32 ± 0.05 g were reared in water at 22 ± 0.5°C and led with live zooplankton or alternatively a commercial trout feed. Fish fed with dry diet grew faster and had higher condition factor than fish fed live zooplankton. Sex differentiation in pikeperch was visible at different stages of ontogenesis, but was related to the fish growth rate. The gonads offish that were 3.43-5.69 cm TL revealed undilTerentiated characteristics. Clear indication of oogenesis in females was observed in pikeperch at 7.9 cm TL and 3.47 g, whereas evident spermatogenesis was not observed till the end of the experiment.
Trait-related variation in the reproductive characteristics of female pikeperch (Sander lucioperca )
Fisheries Management and Ecology
Maternal characteristics typically affect the recruitment of an exploited fish population. The size 5 and age at maturity, as well as the effects of maternal traits on relative fecundity and egg dry weight 6 were studied in six exploited pikeperch populations in Finnish lakes. The among-lake variation in 7 the maternal characteristics was substantial. The estimated total length at maturity (L 10 , L 50 , L 90) 8 varied between 318-444, 403-423 and 444-527 mm, respectively, largely depending on the 9 average growth rate and body condition of pikeperch. The estimated L 50 was generally close to the 10 recently imposed national minimum size limit (42 cm). The estimated age at maturity (A 50) ranged 11 from 4.2 to 6.9 yr. Both relative fecundity and egg dry weight significantly increased with female 12 size and age, indicating size-and age-dependent maternal effects on egg characteristics and 13 quantity, and emphasizing the importance of large individuals for reproduction. The observed 14 among-population differences in the size-dependent maternal influences highlight the need for 15 stock-specific management of pikeperch fisheries. The conservation of large females should be 16 promoted to increase recruitment and reduce its variability.
The effects of polyculture on behaviour and production of pikeperch in recirculation systems
Aquaculture Reports, 2020
Recirculating aquaculture systems (RASs) are seen as a promising technology to address the societal and environmental challenges of aquaculture. However, this technology is mainly used in intensive monoculture and little knowledge is available in polyculture approaches. In this study, we studied survival, growth performance, and behaviour of juvenile pikeperch Sander lucioperca reared in RAS either in monoculture or in polyculture (associated with sterlet Acipenser ruthenus or tench Tinca tinca or both sterlet and tench). After 30 days, the survival rate was 100 % for both monoculture and polyculture reared pikeperch. The mean final weights and the biomass gain of pikeperch were significantly lower for pikeperch alone (respectively 75.7 ± 2.7 g and 25.2 %) or with sterlet (respectively 81.0 ± 3.2 g and 38.3 %) than in combination with tench (respectively 85.7 ± 8.1 g and 50.1 %) or with sterlet and tench (respectively 90.3 ± 16.4 g and 51.5 %). Behavioural changes were also detected depending on the fish combination: there are fewer interactions between individuals of pikeperch when reared alone (0.34 ± 0.10) or in polyculture with sterlet (0.40 ± 0.02) in comparison to the other polyculture conditions (with tench [0.80 ± 0.20], or the two other species [0.70 ± 0.15]). The group structure also differed with a lower cohesion and homogeneity of the pikeperch group when they were reared in monoculture compared to polyculture modalities. No aggressive interaction was detected between pikeperch regardless of rearing modalities. In conclusion, due to positive effects on growth parameters and few behavioural changes in pikeperch, this study highlights that RAS polyculture is a relevant alternative production strategy for pikeperch compared to monoculture.
Archives of Polish Fisheries, 2008
The aim of this study was to determine the growth rates of pikeperch, Sander lucioperca (L.), and pike, Esox lucius L., from the Tresna Reservoir. Back-calculations were used to determine fish age. Histological pictures were used to determine the spawning success of the two species compared. The study material was comprised of 18 pikeperch females and 13 males, and 20 pike females and 12 males. The growth rate of pikeperch from the Tresna Reservoir was higher in comparison to populations inhabiting other basins in Poland. The histological analyses of the gonads indicated that pikeperch spawned successfully in the reservoir. The growth rate of the pike in the reservoir was comparable to that of this species in other basins. However, the histological picture of the ovaries indicated that spawning was only partially successful since 25% of females did not spawn and their eggs were in a state of resorption.
Aquaculture
Improving reproductive protocols is one crucial step towards aquaculture expansion of pikeperch (Sander lucioperca), which is still characterised by variable and/or low spawning effectiveness. One of the main challenges is to synchronise ovulation at a precisely planned time with a consistently satisfactory reproductive outcome. To this end, the present study examined the effect of different spawning agents (human chorionic gonadotropin [hCG] and salmon gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue [sGnRHa]) with different doses and application modes (including double injection). The study covered three consecutive spawning seasons, which corresponded to three distinct experiments, where domesticated pikeperch broodstock, commercially grown in a recirculating aquaculture system, was used. In the first year of the study, the effect of different doses of sGnRHa (10, 25 and 50 μg kg-1) and hCG (250, 500 and 1000 IU kg-1) on the reproductive performance of the domesticated broodstock was evaluated. The results were also compared with literature data for wild fish. During the second and third years, typical indicators of spawning performance (ovulation rate, latency time and egg quality) were followed when a double sGnRHa injection was compared to a single 50 µg kg-1 or 500 IU kg-1 injection of sGnRHa or hCG, respectively; the best results were 2 obtained in the first and second experiments. The results of the present study clearly indicate that various hormonal treatments effectively induced domesticated pikeperch ovulation, although highly variable egg quality was observed throughout the three spawning seasons (maximum hatching rates were 60.6 ± 11.5, 37.7 ± 28.9 and 49.1 ± 24.7% in the first, second and third years of the study, respectively). However, additional analysis of the data from the entire study revealed for the first time that a significant proportion of the lower-quality eggs came from fish that responded 'early' to hormonal treatment (<120 h after injection) regardless of the hormone used. This group represented approximately 40% of the population each year. Further, most of the fish that responded to hormone treatment early exhibited this trait during all three consecutive spawning seasons. This finding indicates that early hormone response is a potential selection trait. The present study showed that controlled domesticated pikeperch broodstock reproduction may involve application of either hCG or sGnRHa, with no clear difference in their effectiveness, although the recommended doses are 500 IU kg-1 and 50 µg kg-1 , respectively.
Methods in Reproductive Aquaculture: Marine and Freshwater Species (Marine Biology
where she teaches biology of reproduction and cellular biology. She is leader of the Cryobiology Group and she has been responsible for the training of several doctorate and master's degree students. marine, freshwater, anadromous and catadromous species of teleosts, chondrosts, molluscs, decapods or equinoderms. Each protocol includes three sub-parts. A general description of the relevance of the species and sperm particularities is made. A detailed description of the freezing-thawing protocol is given, including equipment and reagents used, sperm extraction method, sperm extender and cryoprotectants, dilution rates, sperm characteristics such as cell concentration, plasma osmolality and pH, sperm loading and freezing/thawing rates, and so on. This information will be very useful, particularly for people working in different fields and who are only interested in using sperm cryopreservation as a tool.