Antinociceptive Effect of Intravenous Regional Analgesia in Horses Underwent Selected Short-Time Distal Limb Surgeries (original) (raw)
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Iranian Journal of Veterinary Surgery, 2016
Objective-The aim of this study was to evaluate the analgesic efficacy of intra-articular administration of tramadol in horses following arthroscopic surgery. Design-Experimental study. Animals-Ten Warmblood horses Procedures-Horses underwent arthroscopic surgery of the tarsocrural joint (TCJ) (8 horses) and metacarpo-metatarsophalangeal joint (MCPJ/MTPJ) (2 horses). Intra-articular tramadol (2 mg/kg) or saline was administered in randomly selected horses (5 in each group; 4x TCJ and 1x MCPJ/MTPJ) under general anesthesia prior to recovery. After the horses were fully recovered and had returned to the stable two observers, blinded to the treatment scored pain independently at 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24 hours based on a composite measure pain scale (CMPS). Results-Significant difference in pain score (P < 0.001) was observed at any individual time-point between the two groups, except at 24 hours post treatment. A significant lower pain score was detected in tramadol treated group (P < 0.001), up to the twelfth hour after treatment. No significant difference was seen between various times in the saline group (P = 0.09). Conclusion and Clinical Relevance-Analgesic efficacy of intra-articular tramadol administration was demonstrated by significantly reduced pain scores following arthroscopic surgery in horses. This observation might be useful as basis for a multimodal analgesic protocol; however, more detailed studies are warranted.
2016
Objective-The aim of this study was to evaluate the analgesic efficacy of intra-articular administration of tramadol in horses following arthroscopic surgery. Design-Experimental study. Animals-Ten Warmblood horses Procedures-Horses underwent arthroscopic surgery of the tarsocrural joint (TCJ) (8 horses) and metacarpo-metatarsophalangeal joint (MCPJ/MTPJ) (2 horses). Intra-articular tramadol (2 mg/kg) or saline was administered in randomly selected horses (5 in each group; 4x TCJ and 1x MCPJ/MTPJ) under general anesthesia prior to recovery. After the horses were fully recovered and had returned to the stable two observers, blinded to the treatment scored pain independently at 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24 hours based on a composite measure pain scale (CMPS). Results-Significant difference in pain score (P < 0.001) was observed at any individual time-point between the two groups, except at 24 hours post treatment. A significant lower pain score was detected in tramadol treated group...
Animals, 2022
The analgesic efficacy of meloxicam and ketoprofen against equine visceral pain is unclear. The aim of this study was to compare the analgesic efficacy of meloxicam (M) and ketoprofen (K) to flunixin meglumine (F) following inguinal castration. Horses undergoing inguinal castration under general anesthesia were randomly assigned F (1.1 mg/kg), M (0.6 mg/kg) or K (2.2 mg/kg) intravenously two hours pre-operatively and 24 h later. A pain score (out of 31) was recorded blindly by a senior clinician and veterinary student before NSAIDs administration (T0), and after the first (T1) and second (T2) administrations, using a modified post-abdominal surgery pain assessment scale (PASPAS). Pain was classified as mild (score ≤ 7), moderate (score = 8–14) or severe (score > 14). Thirty horses (12 F, 10 M, 8 K) aged 6.2 ± 4.9 years, mostly warmbloods, were included. Horse welfare was not compromised regardless of the drug assigned. There was no statistically significant effect of NSAIDs on pa...
Local analgesia techniques for dental and head procedures in horses
In Practice
In equine first-opinion and referral practice, diagnostic and treatment procedures involving the head and dentition are often performed with the animal conscious and sedated in a standing position. To enable such tasks to be performed safely, humanely and effectively, regional analgesia can be helpful, if not essential, in many cases. With the risk of injury to equine clinicians being of concern, a more scientific and rational approach than has been practised historically is now required. Over the past 20 years there have been a number of scientific articles in the literature describing and validating the use of different sedative–analgesic combinations that enable surgical and dental procedures of an advanced nature to be performed safely and effectively in conscious horses in the standing position. Allied to these, there have been descriptions of effective regional analgesia in the head and the development of some new techniques for its application. This article describes these ap...
BMC Veterinary Research, 2015
Background: The benefit of pre and post-operative administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for the relief of post-operative pain and control of inflammation in horses following orthopaedic surgery has not been previously investigated in controlled clinical field trials, and the utility of such treatment is a matter of ongoing dispute. Recently the utility of post-operative pain management was emphasized. It was therefore our aim to determine the efficacy of meloxicam in horses following partial resection of fractured splint bones. This condition was selected since the limited extent of the insult and the defined surgical intervention allowed the conduct of a randomized, double blinded, placebo-controlled, parallel group, multi-centre clinical field study in a homogenous patient population. Results: Sixty-six client owned horses requiring unilateral partial splint bone resection were recruited in 15 centres in Germany and were allocated in a 1:1 ratio to receive meloxicam, 0.6 mg/kg for 5 days. Lameness at trot grades prior to surgery were similar in the meloxicam and placebo treatment groups but were significantly lower in the meloxicam group on day 6 post surgery. Clinical scores for soft tissue swelling and assessment of analgesic and anti-inflammatory efficacy by the investigators at the end of the study were significantly better for the meloxicam compared to the placebo group. No treatment-related adverse reactions were observed.
PeerJ
Background With the hypothesis that equine dorsal lamellar tissue can be desensitized by anesthesia injection into distal interphalangeal joint (DIPJ), the objective was to assess the mechanical nociceptive threshold of hoof dorsal lamellae following intra-articular (IA) administration of lidocaine into this joint. Methods The DIPJ of the forelimbs of six adult healthy horses were injected with either 5 mL of lidocaine, or 5 mL of lactated Ringer’s solution. Treatments were randomly distributed, with each forelimb undergoing a single treatment. The hooves were evaluated pre- and post-injection at pre-selected times over 4 h, using a pressure algometry model. Mechanical nociceptive thresholds (MNTs) were recorded for the sole (dorsal, palmarolateral, and palmaromedial regions), coronary band (medial, lateral, and dorsal regions), heel bulbs (medial and lateral), and dorsal lamellar region (2 cm and 4 cm distal to the coronary band). The MNT means were compared over time using the Fri...
Equine Veterinary Journal, 2010
Reasons for performing study: Intra-articular administration of morphine as a local analgesic and anti-inflammatory drug is widely used in human medicine. In equids, little is known about its clinical analgesic and anti-inflammatory efficacy. Objectives: To use an inflammatory orthopaedic pain model to investigate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of intra-articularly administered morphine as a new treatment modality in horses with acute arthritis.e vj_77 412..419 Methods: In a crossover study design, synovitis was induced in the left or right talocrural joint by means of intra-articular injection of 0.5 ng lipopolyssacharide (LPS). The effect of 120 mg morphine, intra-articularly administered at 1 h after induction of synovitis, was evaluated using both physiological and behavioural pain variables. Synovial fluid was sampled at 0, 4, 8, 28 and 52 h after induction of synovitis and analysed for total protein concentration, leucocyte count and for prostaglandin E2, bradykinin and substance P concentrations by ELISA. Ranges of motion of metatarsophalangeal and talocrural joints were measured as kinematic variables with the horses walking and trotting on a treadmill under sound and lame conditions. Clinical lameness scores and several behavioural variables related to the perception of pain were obtained. Results: LPS injection caused marked transient synovitis, resulting in increased concentrations of inflammatory synovial fluid markers, clinical lameness, joint effusion and several behavioural changes, such as increased time spent recumbent, decreased limb loading at rest and decreased time spent eating silage. Intra-articular morphine resulted in a significant decrease in synovial white blood cell count, prostaglandin E2 and bradykinin levels and improvement in clinical lameness, kinematic and behavioural parameters, compared to placebo treatment. Conclusions: Intra-articular morphine offers potent analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects in horses suffering from acute synovitis. Potential relevance: Local administration of opioids may be useful for horses with acute inflammatory joint pain and offers possibilities for multimodal analgesic therapies without opioid-related systemic side effects.