The role of hearing capability test as a screening test for the possibility of hearing disorder in children with speech delay (original) (raw)
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Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana, 2022
ABSTRACTBackground: Speech delay is one of the most common causes of developmental disorders in children and the reason for patients to be referred to the Electromedical Unit. Purpose: To find out the profile of Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) results in pediatric patients with speech delays at the Electromedical Clinic of UGM Academic Hospital. Method: This was a retrospective descriptive observational study using secondary data, using total sampling method from January 1 to December 31, 2019. The respondents were 86 children who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Most of the respondents were male (68.6 %) in the age range of 2-<3 years (45.3%). Result: ABR examination found 68 children (79.1%) classified as normal ABR and 18 children (31.4%) with abnormal ABR. The highest number of respondents who obtained normal ABR results were male (42.6%), while abnormal ABR results were higher in female (66.7%). Respondents with normal and abnormal ABR results were mostly in the a...
2021
Background: Humans convey their emotions and information to one another through language. Delayed or poor speech can have a profound effect on the social and professional life of a person. Aim and Objectives: A study of children with poor/delayed speech in a tertiary care centre in western U.P. Objectives were as follows • To study the risk factors for congenital hearing loss in children with poor/no speech. • To screen them regarding their hearing status. • To analyze results in detail and compare with available literature. Materials and Methods: A hospital based prospective observational study was done from Jan-Dec 2019. One-hundred fifteen children were identified. Hearing screening was done in all of them by OAE testing followed by tympanometry and BERA wherever applicable. Results: Out of 115 children, 9 (7.8%) had normal hearing, 9 (7.8%) had central cause of deafness and 97 (84.4%) had congenital SNHL. 64% of subjects were male (p value-<0.001). 79% of them had an association with some risk factor during birth (p value-<0.001). 40.8% of them were first order in birth with a typical age group presentation of 2-3 yrs. 60.1% of the study population with SNHL had history of normal delivery at home. Conclusion: Improvement in the quality of antenatal care, obstetric services and postnatal care will reduce the number of cases of congenital sensorineural deafness significantly by reducing the number of high-risk babies. Moreover, the introduction of practice of universal hearing screening of newborns will help in identifying them early for proper rehabilitation.
International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, 2023
The developed countries are well aware of the burden of congenital hearing loss and have taken significant steps in the direction of early identification and subsequent rehabilitation or interventions. However, developing countries like India have no accurate estimate of the ABSTRACT Background: Aim of the research was to study the incidence of hearing loss in high risk children up to 5 years age and determine the common etiological factors associated with it. Methods: Total 140 neonates falling under the norms of inclusion criteria and the children brought by parents with suspicion of having impaired hearing were subjected to thorough history taking and clinical examination followed by audiological examination in the form of otoacoustic emission (OAE) and brainstem evoked response audiometry (BERA). Those showing REFER or FAIL were subjected to BERA. Results were documented accordingly and analysed for identifying the common risk factors and degree of hearing loss. Results: Maximum number of subjects with hearing loss were in the age group of 25-36 months age. Most common risk factor found was Consanguinity and most common postnatal risk factor was found to be hyperbilirubinemia. When compared to BERA, sensitivity of DPOAE was 97.59%, and the specificity was 92.98%. Conclusions: Universal hearing screening of neonates at birth in the form of DPOAE and followed by BERA can reduce the average age of diagnosis of hearing loss and therefore, can provide an opportunity to initiate an appropriate rehabilitative program.
Hearing status of children under five years old in Jatinangor district
2020
Background: Hearing is one of the most influential factors in children developmental process. The critical period of hearing and speech development begins in the first 6 months of life and continues until the age of 3 years. World Health Organization estimates that one to three in a thousand births have sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Early detection of hearing loss is substantial so that the diagnosis can be established and appropriate intervention can be done earlier. Purpose: To determine the hearing status in children under five years of age in Jatinangor. Method: A cross-sectional observational study with 240 subjects under the age of five in 12 Integrated Healthcare Center (Posyandu) in Jatinangor. Examinations included parental interviews, Behavioral Observation Audiometry (BOA), Otoacoustic Emissions (OAE), and tympanometry tests. Result: One child (0.4%) had moderate conductive hearing lossin the left ear, 1 child (0.4%) had bilateralsevere SNHL, and 7 children (2.9%) ha...
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2016
Hearing loss and deafness are global issues that affect at least 278 million people worldwide. Two-thirds of these people live in developing countries. 1 The prevalence of hearing loss is two to five of every 100 newborns in high risk groups which is much higher than that of the low-risk population whose prevalence is 0.5-6/1000 healthy new born across the globe in different studies. 2-6 Losses in either partial or total hearing may lead to poor language and speech development and thereby affects the comprehensive development of the individual and his productivity. Hearing loss is one of the commonest childhood handicaps and with a large quantum of its burden in developing countries like India; there is a need to address this issue. Early detection of hearing loss has been a long-standing priority in the field of audiology. However, owing to the ABSTRACT Background: Early detection of hearing loss has been a long-standing priority in the field of audiology. Currently available auditory testing methods include both behavioural and non-behavioural or objective tests of hearing. This study was planned with an objective to assess hearing loss in children using behavioural observation audiometry and brain stem evoked response audiometry. Methods: A total of 105 cases suffering from severe to profound hearing loss were registered. After proper history and clinical examination patients were subjected to behavioural observation audiometry (BOA) and brainstem evoked response audiometry test (BERA). Results: Out of 105 cases in 62 cases (59.05%) the findings of both BOA and BERA tests were similar but in 43 cases the findings of both tests were not similar. In total 18 cases (17.14%) diagnosis of severe hearing loss could be made by BERA test only because of in 10 cases there was inconclusive BOA finding and in 8 cases there was no response in BOA test. Conclusions: Behavioural observation audiometry can detect hearing loss but in developmentally retardrd children in whom responses are difficult to elicited, this test is not so conclusive. BERA is the tool which can confirm the normal sensitivity of hearing in such persons whenever required and is very useful in early detection of hearing loss and planning rehabilitative procedures.
Characterization of Hearing in Children in a Population Base Study in the City of Itajaí / SC
Prospective study whose population was composed by inhabitants of the urban region of the city of Itajaí, SC. All individuals living in the sorted houses were included in the audiological evaluation, and the collective, commercial and non-inhabited dwellings were excluded. The children older than 4 years old were evaluated as for the acoustic meatus, audiological selection in the frequencies of 1000, 2000 and 4000 Hz, research of acoustic reflexes and tympanometry. In the children younger that 3 years and 11 months the behavioral and transient evoked otoacoustic emissions evaluations were carried out. Results: From the 119 children evaluated, the occurrence of some kind of auditory deficiency was of 16.84% in the children older than four years, in the analysis of the best ear. No case of incapacitating auditory deficiency was found. When we matched the behavioral evaluation results of children aged up to three years and 11 months with the results from the tympanometry of the researc...
Screening of Hearing Disorder in Children Aged 13-14 Years in Tegal
DIPONEGORO MEDICAL JOURNAL (Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro)
Background: Hearing loss is an impairment or inability of hearing, which is a threshold value of hearing more than 40 decibels (dB) in adults or more than 30 decibels (dB) in children. Hearing loss can result in decreased learning achievement at school, problems in communication, psychological problems, and if complications have occurred, it will cost more for the treatment.Aim : This study aims to determine characteristics of hearing loss in children aged 13-14 years.Methods : This study is a descriptive study with a total sample of 61 students taken by simple random sampling method from a total of 599 students aged 13-14 years. The data were obtained from the questionnaires and physical examination of the ear. Simple auditory function was examined using a tuning fork.Results : The results in this study indicate that the largest group is 14 years old and male gender (52%). It was found that 13 students (21%) had a tympanic membrane and 1 student (2%) had a tympanic membrane perfo...
Study of Hearing Loss in High Risk Infants using Brainstem Evoked Response Audiometry (BERA
1. Introduction: Speech is the primary mode of human communication, but its acquisition appears to rely upon auditory experiences during a critical period between the age of birth to 3yrs. Screening is one of the most important methods of early diagnosis hearing loss. Brain stem response audiometry is the method of choice for accurate detection of hearing threshold. The present study emphasizes the importance of using ABR as a screening tool for the detection of hearing impairment at an early stage which would have otherwise got unnoticed till about 2-3yrs. 2. Material and Method: The study was conducted on thirty normal and thirty high risk infants referred to the department of ENT, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi. Study Design: Comparative study After a detail history and clinical examination recording was done with AMPLAID MK 22 machines in a sound proof room. Sedation was used only when required. The hearing loss was quantified as mild, moderate and severe. An abnormal BERA necessitates a repeat test after three months. 3. Results: Study Group consisted of thirty infants. There were 8 infants with birth asphyxia, 10 infants with hyperbilirubinemia, 1 with cytomegalovirus infection, 5 infants with low birth weight, 2 infants with craniofacial anomalies, 4 infants with family history of hearing loss. The incidence of hearing loss in high risk group was 70%. P value <0.5 which is significant. The incidence of hearing loss on doing a repeat test was 60% which is clinically significant. Of the abnormal BERA readings four patients had bilateral mild hearing loss. Moderate hearing loss was found in five infants. This was bilateral in four cases and unilateral in one case. Eight infants had profound hearing loss. Here there were seven infants with bilateral hearing loss and one infant with unilateral hearing loss. One infants had maturational delay which was bilateral. Control Group: All the infants in the control group showed normal BERA readings. 4. Conclusion: The present study emphasizes the importance of using ABR as a screening tool for the detection of hearing impairment at an early stage which would have otherwise got unnoticed till about 2-3yrs. ABR audiometry because of its accuracy has emerged as a technique of choice in the screening infants as it is an objective test. There is also a need for large scale study on obtaining normal values and standardizing the procedures for effective applications.
International Journal of Biomedical Research, 2015
The Objectives: To determine the age of suspicion, confirmation and amplification of hearing handicap in children and to assess the burden of parental delay in the evaluation of hearing loss. Methods: A prospective study was done at a tertiary academic hospital in South India on 61 children with bilateral sensory neural deafness who either warrant hearing aid fitting for amplification or those hearing aids found ineffective. Any significant motor, visual, sensory or genetic disorders were excluded. Interviewer administered a questionnaire to the parents, guardian or older children for evaluations of their awareness and knowledge of the special needs. Pure tone audiometry was done for all children older than 5 years and Auditory Brainstem Evoked Response (ABER) audiometry was done in those younger than 5 years and older children who were mentally challenged. All the children were prescribed hearing aid after a trail and those who were already aided were evaluated for the performance of the aid. From the data, the age of suspicion, identification and the amplification were determined. The various factors were noted; data entered and analyzed using Statistical Programme for Social Science (SPSS -Version 6). Design: Prospective case study Results: The mean age in months at first suspicion, identification and the amplification was 19.59 months, 24.82 months and 29.28 months respectively. The average delays between the age of suspicion and identification was 5.23 months and the time interval between the identification and amplification was 4.46 months. In 70.48% of children the hearing loss was suspected after one year of age and only 1.6% have confirmed to have hearing loss and amplified before 6 months. Conclusion: The substantial parental delay of suspicion and its subsequent delay in identification and the amplification of childhood deafness indicate that the attainable realistic goal of EHDI has not yet been achieved. Setting up EHDI through UNHS is a challenge in developing countries, however an unavoidable strategy. Hence cost effective national policies with community support should be considered to give greater chance of linguistic, psychological and social development to the hearing impaired children.