Distribution of Sugarcane mosaic virus in sugarcane plants (original) (raw)
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Agronomy, 2017
Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) is one among many viruses that infect sugarcane, cause yield loss, and become serious disease agents on sugarcane plantations. Since the morphological symptoms of SCMV are similar to other symptoms caused by Sugarcane streak mosaic virus (SCSMV) or nitrogen deficiency, the detection of SCMV is important through accurate diagnostic-like ELISA or RT-PCR. This research aimed to study the causative mosaic pathogen of SCMV in East Java, Indonesia, including mosaic development. The results showed that the mosaic symptom is present in all sugarcane plantations with 78% and 65% disease incidence and severity, respectively. Moreover, the detection procedure based on an amplification of cDNA of the coat protein gene sequence confirmed that SCMV was the causative agent of mosaic disease on sugarcane. Re-inoculation of healthy sugarcane plants with plant sap from a symptomatic leaf from the field showed similar mosaic or yellowish chlorotic areas on the leaf blade, and appeared on the fourth leaves upward from the inoculation leaf, in addition to showing different levels of peroxidase but not total phenol. Mosaic also correlated with the amount of total chlorophyll. Although Sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) protein accumulation and activity were at a lower level in infected leaves, sucrose accumulation was at a higher level in the same leaves.
Genetic and Symptomatic Characterization of Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) in Cuba
Sugar Tech, 2015
Sugarcane mosaic resistance is established as a key criterion for the breeding program in Cuba. However, molecular characterization of Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) strains occurring in Cuba has not been reported so far. Leaf samples from commercial sugarcane cultivars were collected for SCMV screening in three testing sites (the Matanzas, Camagüey and Holguin provinces). Reverse-Transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was used to identify the virus. The nucleotide sequence comparison grouped the isolates into SCMV subgroups. Sugarcane cultivars inoculated with SCMV from three testing sites displayed different symptoms. Results should be decisive to generate the highest selection pressure, increasing the efficiency of the sugarcane breeding program to the SCMV resistance in the commercial cultivars.
2011
Leaf samples of sugarcane were collected from symptomatic and non-symptomatic plants. Total RNA was extracted and purified from sugarcane leaves samples. Presence of mosaic virus was confirmed by RT-PCR amplification using primers designed to the conserved regions of the coat protein genes of Sugarcane Mosaic Virus (SCMV). An amplification product of expected size (approx. 900 bp) was achieved from symptomatic samples but no amplification was detected from non-symptomatic plant samples. RT-PCR amplified DNA fragments were cloned and sequenced in both directions. DNA sequence from two virus isolates from sugarcane cultivars CSSG676 and CSSG668 showed highest level of sequence identity (97% and 96%, respectively) to SCMV (Bundaberg isolate), indicating that the virus isolates infecting sugarcane varieties are variants of SCMV in Pakistan.
Two sugarcane cultivars (R570 and SP71-6163) naturally infected by Sugarcane yellow leaf virus (SCYLV) were each imported from several geographical locations into a sugarcane yellow leaf-free environment (Montpellier, France). Plants were grown as plant cane for 5–6 months and the experiment was repeated for three consecutive years (2003–2005) in a greenhouse. Several sugarcane-growth and disease characteristics were monitored to identify variation in pathogenicity of SCYLV. Depending on their geographical origin, sugarcane cvs R570 and SP71-6163 were infected by SCYLV genotypes BRA-PER or REU, or a mixture of the two. Severity of symptoms did not vary between plants of cv. R570, but variation in disease severity between plants of cv. SP71-6163 from different geographical locations suggested the occurrence of pathogenic variants of SCYLV. For each sugarcane cultivar, differences in stalk length, number of stalk internodes, virus titre in the top visible dewlap leaf, and percentage of infection of leaf and stalk phloem vessels were also found between plants from different geographical origins. However, these differences were not always reproducible from one year to another, suggesting occurrence of different plant responses to SCYLV isolates under varying environmental conditions
A Genetic Shift in the Virus Strains that Cause Mosaic in Louisiana Sugarcane
Plant Disease, 2007
Leaf samples from 693 sugarcane plants showing mosaic symptoms were collected in 2001, 2002, and 2003 at 12 locations within the Louisiana sugarcane industry. Virus isolates associated with the diseased plants were identified using reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to distinguish between Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) and Sorghum mosaic virus (SrMV). No SCMV strain was associated with any diseased plant collected during the survey. RT-PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis showed that SrMV strains I, H, and M were associated with 67, 10, and 2% of the plants with mosaic symptoms, respectively. In previous surveys conducted between 1978 and 1995, over 90% of the plants sampled were infected with SrMV strain H. The remaining plants mostly were infected with SrMV strain I, except for an occasional sample with SrMV strain M. RT-PCR showed that approximately 13% of the samples collected between 2001 and 2003 were infected with SrMV, but t...
In Indonesian the research about Sugarcane Streak Mosaic Virus (SCSMV) still not widely practiced, especially in the field of serology as a virus detection. This research was conducted to detect the presence of SCSMV at sugarcane leaf samples healthy, and leaf samples symptomatic SCSMV, pest insect of sugarcane is suspected as a vector, and weeds as indicator plants using antisera rSCSMV-CP from India. The research was conducted on sugarcane cultivation at dry seasons in each experiments field and laboratory Indonesian Sugar Research Institute. Data obtained from antigens reaction were observed qualitatively by looking at the color of change from microtiter plate wells. The results of the analysis are expressed in the form of negative or positive infected SCSMV disease. Measurement of disease severity caused SCSMV calculated using formula KP (Disease Severity) and was calculated the number insect populations found on field. The result of ELISA using antisera rSCSMV-CP at leaf sample infected SCSMV tested positive with the color indicator on the microplate well is yellow, and at leaf healthy sample, insect tested and weeds found around sugarcane otherwise negatively with indicators of well microplate whiter and brighter color. The population density of C. lanigera Zehntner and S. sacchari Cockerell at 10 sugarcane varieties were observed at random in each experimental farm population average number ranged from 39,5-116,3 tail/leaf and 5-14 tail/rod with humidity of 55% and temperature reaching 33 0 C. Detection using ELISA method can be use for routine detection virus and can tested sample with large scale in a short time and cost of testing procedure is relatively cheaper, efficient, but has the drawback that it is based on the detection of viral coat protein antigenic properties while the basic techniques can be used to detect PCR to detect negative samples and was not detected in ELISA.
Sugarcane streak mosaic virus (ScSMV) Resistance Evaluation of Sugarcane Varieties
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia
Sugarcane streak mosaic virus (ScSMV) is the most important viral disease of sugarcane in Indonesia with distribution in almost all commercial sugarcane plantations. The disease causes significant yield losses of both cane tonnage and sugar yield. The use of resistant varieties is the best approach for controlling viral diseases. This study aims to investigate resistance response of several introduced varieties against ScSMV in a glasshouse condition and the impact of the viral infection on chlorophyll and proline content in sugarcane leaves. Sugarcane plants were inoculated using ScSMV inoculum one month after planting using an abrasive pad rubbing method. Disease incidence and severity was observed at week 4-12 after inoculation and variety resistance levels were classified based on disease incidence. Confirmation of the virus was done by RT-PCR. Spectrophotometer was used to measure chlorophyll content at dual wavelengths of 645 and 663 nm, and proline content at wavelengths of ...
Australasian Plant Pathology, 2017
Yellow leaf (YL) of sugarcane caused by Sugarcane yellow leaf virus (SCYLV) is a serious disease affecting production and productivity in many ruling sugarcane varieties in India, especially in coastal region of Andhra Pradesh state, causing losses ranging from 60% in the first crop to 100% in the ratoon crop. During 2013-2015 seasons SCYLV indexation of meristem tip culture derived sugarcane plantlets as well as usual seed canes planted field varieties was carried out using DAS-ELISA and RT-PCR at RARS, Anakapalle, India. Both leaf extracts and stem sap samples were used. Sixteen samples out of 20 were positive to DAS-ELISA SCYLV diagnosis with OD 405 values of 0.707 to 1.788, while only 13 samples had the visible disease symptoms out of the 20 samples comprising 13 different varieties. This proved efficacy of DAS-ELISAfor indexing even asymptomatic YL infected sugarcane plants. RT-PCR test also detected the virus in both symptomatic and asymptomatic plants. The detection efficiency was considerably good with samples obtained from the same plant (both stem sap and leaf extract) either with colour change or with OD 405 values proving effective and quick indexing using DAS-ELISA. Further, RT-PCR can be used as a confirmatory test to determine the sensitivity of ELISA. In case of in vitro regenerated sugarcane plantlets, all the samples, both hardening stage plantlets and field grown meristem tip culture derived plants didn't showed any positive reaction for the virus daignosed by DAS-ELISA with lower OD 405 values of 0.082 to 0.0321compared to disease free field varieties (OD 405 from 0.151 to 0.355) making it as best management option with proper indexing.