Comparison for the Effectiveness of Column Purified Fractions of Allium cepa Bulbs and Allium sativum Cloves against Bulinus globosus (Intermediate Host of Urinary Schistosomiasis) in Sokoto, Nigeria (original) (raw)
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Potential of column purified fractions of Allium cepa bulb against intermediate hosts of urinary schistosomiasis (Bulinus globosus) was conducted in laboratory condition. The fresh bulbs of A. cepa were purchased from Ramin Kura market of Sokoto, identified and authenticated by a taxonomist. The bulbs were sliced into pieces, air dried and powdered. Extracts were obtained using methanol as polar then purified with silica gel as a stationary phase while N-hexane and ethyl acetate (1:1) as the mobile phase. Thirteen fractions each fraction containing 10 ml of the effluent was collected, the collected extracts were left open for evaporation for 48 hours. Ten adult B. globosus were immersed in 3liters of water containing different concentrations of the fraction and each treatment was replicated three times with control in the same condition without treatment,
European Journal of Biology and Biotechnology, 2020
Introduction: Although, used of molluscicides to control the intermediate host of schistosomes is the best method of choice to control the spread of the snail fever among the people, synthetic molluscicides widely used are cost effective, not available and toxic to the aquatic lives and people that are completely or partially dependents on rivers or lakes water for their everyday supplement. Aim: this research was aimed at investigation and comparison for the molluscicidal efficacy for S. occidentalis and M. oleifera leaves extracts against B. globosus (intermediate host of Schistosoma haematobium). Methodology: Each of the plant was grinded into powder and purified through column using different solvents, B. globosus snails were collected from Shagari and Goronyo dams; we identified the animal using chart initially, later on the animals were confirmed as B. globosus by malacologist from Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Nigeria; the Molluscicidal efficacy of the plants was tested agai...
Molecules, 2021
The active ingredients allicin and curcumin have a wide range of actions against fungi, bacteria, and helminths. Therefore, the study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of allicin (AL) and curcumin (CU) as antischistosomal drugs and their biochemical effects in normal and Schistosoma mansoni-infected mice. Praziquantel (PZQ) was administrated for two successive days while AL or CU was given for two weeks from the week 7th postinfection (PI). The possible effect of different regimens on Schistosoma worms was evaluated by measuring the percentage of the recovered worms, tissue egg load, and oogram pattern. Serum alanine transaminase activity and levels of triglycerides, cholesterol, and uric acid were measured. Liver tissue malondialdehyde and reduced glutathione levels besides, the activities of glutathione-S-transferase, superoxide dismutase and catalase were assessed for the oxidative/antioxidant condition. DNA electrophoresis of liver tissue was used to indicate the degree of frag...
Journal of Environmental Treatment Techniques, 2015, Volume 3, Issue 1, Pages: 35-40, 2015
Plant-derived pesticide have found several remedial application in the control of most diseases (especially vector-borne diseases). Synthetic pesticides are unaffordable in most disease endemic areas; besides they may induce varying toxicity to non-targeted species as they bio-magnify along the food-chain. The fecundity of vector/parasites in the Niger Delta is becoming hyper-endemic due to the waterlogged nature of the terrain. The molluscicidal activities of crude and methanolic extracts of the leaves of four Niger Delta Mangrove plants (Rhizophora mangle, R. racemosa, Avicennia germinans and Languncularia racemosa), were investigated against some vectors of schistosomiasis (Biomphalaria pfeifferi, Bulinus globosus and Bulinus rholfsi), following standard protocol. Compared to the individual activities demonstrated by the four plants, the highest mortality was recorded in the methanolic-synergicidal formula (1:1:1:1), of the four plants against B. pfeifferi (LC50=74.84ppm), B. globosus (LC50=65.10ppm) and B. rholfsi (LC50=28.00ppm). Also, within the synergicidal results, B. pfeifferi was less susceptible to all extracts compared to B. globosus and B. rholfsi. These results indicate that Niger Delta Mangrove plants show great potential as molluscicide for the control of schistosomiasis.
Caliphate Journal of Science and Technology, 2022
Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease that affect the well-being of people in Sokoto State-Nigeria. A survey of medicinal plants used in the treatment of schistosomiasis was conducted in Kware/Wammakko Local Government areas of the state through the administration of structured questionnaire. The survey from 48 respondents revealed total 9 plant species belonging to different families were found to be frequently used in treatment of schistosomiasis. Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analyses on the plants revealed the presence of secondary metabolites. In Acacia nilotica, flavvnoids (3.53 %), alkaloids (2.3 %), saponins (1.507 %), tannins (64 mg/dl), glycosides (0.32 g%), and steroids (79 mg%) were found to be present. In Balanites aegyptiaca, flavvnoids (2.66 %), alkaloids (2.6 %), saponins (1.05 %), tannins (72 mg/dl), glycosides (0.30 g%) and steroids (91 mg%) were present. In Khaya senegalensis, flavnoids (0.77 %), alkaloids (1.8 %), saponins (0.5 %), tannins (23 mg/dl...
Journal of Natural Sciences Research, 2016
Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease caused by blood-flukes of the genus Schistosoma. It is one of the most widespread of all human parasitic diseases, ranking second only to malaria in terms of its socioeconomic and public health importance in tropical and subtropical areas.More than 207 million people, 85% of whom live in Africa, are infected with schistosomiasis ,and an estimated700 million people are at risk of infection in 76 countries.Control of schistosomiasis faces serious drawbacks of emergence of drug resistant parasites and molluscicide resistant snail hosts.Due to improper waste disposal,infected faecal matter enter water bodies such as canals rivers and springs where miracidia that hatch from parasite eggs develop into cercariae inside snail intermediate hosts and are infective to humans upon release in to the water.This study sought to evaluate the miracicidal and cercaricidal activity of selected plant extracts on larval stages of Schistosoma mansoni .Ten cercariae...
2020
Background: Schistosomiasis is a public health problem of social and economic importance in the developing world. Schistosomiasis haematobium is still endemic in many foci along the Nile valley, especially in El Fayoum and Beni-Suef governorates. Chemotherapy and snail eradication are the most important control measures with few studies that dealt with its snail intermediate host, Bulinus truncatus. Because of drug resistance and recurrence of exposure to infection, snail control becomes a better method for control, keeping in mind that chemical molluscicides may have toxic effects on non-target organisms. Objectives: The aim of the study is to search for biologically derived molluscicides such as plant extracts, that are less expensive, available, biodegradable, non-toxic and easily applicable than synthetic ones. Material and Methods: The effect of oil extracts of three natural plants; Nigella sativa, Pelargonium graveolens and Azadirachta indica were investigated as molluscicidal...
2015
Schistosomiasis is a vector-borne disease, caused by parasites of the genus Schistosoma. The disease is endemic in several countries in the world including Nigeria. The parasite that causes schistosomiasis requires the intermediate host (snails), humans, slow flowing or stagnant water to cause infection. The snails that transmit human schistosomiasis are of the genus Bulinus (which causes urinary schistosomiasis and are transmitted by Schistosoma haematobium) and Biomphalaria (which transmit intestinal schistosomiasis and can be transmitted by Schistosoma mansoni). These snails could be controlled by studying their ecology. Elimination of these snails is one suitable approach through which the parasite can be controlled. Besides environmental manipulation and application of synthetic molluscicides, the use of plant based molluscicides can be effective method for the control of the snails. Some plant with base molluscicides includes Azadirachta indica, Jatropha Curcas, Jatropha glauc...
Phytochemical constituents and molluscicidal effectiveness of Allium sativum against Bulinus globosus in Sokoto was investigated. The plants were purchased from Ramin Kura Market, Sokoto, identified and authenticated by botanist, fresh cloves of the plants were air dried, grinded in to powdered form and extracts were obtained by using maceration method with methanol; column purifications of the extract was conducted using silica gel as a stationary phase and 1:1 of N-hexane and ethyl acetate as mobile phase, thirteen fractions each containing ten mil (10ml) of the eluent were collected. Data obtained were analyzed by descriptive statistics, ANOVA and probate analysis. Qualitative phytochemicals analysis showed excess Saponins, flavonoids, Tannins, Glycosides and Antraqunones, while, Alkaloids, Volatile oils, Saponin-glycosides and steroids were moderately presents and Balsams were quietly presents. Mortalities of B. globosu snails were significanly high in fraction seven of the experimental set up, the LC 50 was 15.599mg/l. Finally, based on finding from this research Allium sativum was very effective and sufficient for control of Bulinus globosus for villagers and drugs industries.