A Power-Frequency Controller With Resonance Frequency Tracking Capability for Inductive Power Transfer Systems (original) (raw)
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Control Method for Inductive Power Transfer with High Partial-Load Efficiency and Resonance Tracking
Frequency controlled Inductive Power Transfer (IPT) systems for Electric Vehicle (EV) battery charging applications often suffer from high power losses in partial-load, because the transmitter coil current is not significantly reduced at low output power. Therefore, in this paper a novel control method is presented that exhibits a substantially higher partial-load efficiency, while it also enables full control of the power semiconductor switching conditions. The power flow control is based on the dynamic regulation of the dc-link voltages on both sides of the resonant system with dc-dc-converters. Additionally, a tracking of the resonance with a current zero crossing detection circuit and a PLL makes the switched current an additional degree of freedom, that can be used, e.g., for the minimization of IGBT soft-switching losses due to stored-charge. All calculated results are supported by experimental measurements on an existing 5 kW/52mm air gap/210mm coil diameter prototype system ...
Comparative evaluation of control methods for Inductive Power Transfer
2012
Inductive Power Transfer (IPT) has recently been proposed for application with Electric or Hybrid Electric Vehicles (EV/HEV), where a highly efficient system operation is demanded for the highpower transfer. Due to the high requirements on the regulation of the output power and the output voltage, and due to the large variations of the magnetic coupling, the control of these systems is a challenging task. In this paper, the frequency characteristics of a series-parallel compensated IPT system are discussed. Different control methods found in the literature are analyzed and a comparative evaluation of the current and voltage stress in the transmission coils, the resonant capacitors, and the semiconductors in the primary-side inverter is presented. It is shown that the dual control method offers a number of advantages in the controllability and potentially lower losses compared to the frequency control which is commonly used.
Frequency Tuning in Inductive Power Transfer Systems
Electronics, 2020
Inductive power transfer systems (IPTSs) systems are equipped with compensation networks that resonate at the supply frequency with the inductance of the transmitting and receiving coils to both maximize the power transfer efficiency and reduce the IPTS power sizing. If the network and coil parameters differ from the designed values, the resonance frequencies deviate from the supply frequency, thus reducing the IPTS efficiency. To cope with this issue, two methods of tuning the IPTS supply frequency are presented and discussed. One method is aimed at making resonant the impedance seen by the IPTS power supply, the other one at making resonant the impedance of the receiving stage. The paper closes by implementing the first method in an experimental setup and by testing its tuning capabilities on a prototypal IPTS used for charging the battery of an electric vehicle.
IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2019
In this paper, a design and control scheme of the inductive power transfer (IPT) system for electric vehicles are proposed, considering a wide variation in output voltage and coupling coefficient. The characteristics of the proposed IPT system and a design method for the resonant network are suggested. By utilizing the battery management converter at the secondary side, the design and control can be simplified while managing the output voltage and power of the battery. In order to achieve high efficiency by reducing the voltage-ampere (VA) rating, zero phase angle (ZPA) tracking control is proposed. In addition, a phase-shift control is applied to the primary side to ensure stable system operation by limiting output voltage. A 3.3-kW laboratory prototype with magnetic power pads is manufactured, and the validity of the proposed design and control is verified through experimental results using the laboratory prototype. Index Terms-battery management converter, coupling coefficient, inductive power transfer (IPT), wireless power transfer (WPT), zero phase angle operation.
Control of an Inductive Power Transfer System Using a Double Coil Structure
Electronics
This paper presents the design of the control of the system using a double DD coil structure. The double DD coil is a layered coil structure that consists of two single DD coils, rotated to each other by 90°. A large-signal and small-signal model of the proposed IPT system are designed for control synthesis. The small-signal model is derived from the large-signal using harmonic approximation and the extended describing functions (EDF). For the small-signal model, voltage and current control schemes were proposed for the purpose of wireless battery charging. The robustness of the control is tested on a small-scale IPT system using double DD coils and resistive load. The results are evaluated at different reference voltages, currents, loads and coupling coefficients.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT), 2014
https://www.ijert.org/a-harmonic-based-phase-shifted-control-llc-resonant-converter-for-inductively-coupled-power-transfer-system https://www.ijert.org/research/a-harmonic-based-phase-shifted-control-llc-resonant-converter-for-inductively-coupled-power-transfer-system-IJERTV3IS10439.pdf ABSRACT The quality of sinusoidal waveform becomes a major concern. The power electronics inverters have drawn a non sinusoidal waveform due to causes of harmonic distortion and limit the utilization of the available electrical supply. In this work, LLC series-parallel resonant converter (SPRC) is presented. A harmonic based phase shifted control (HPSC) on inverter is done in this paper. The switching frequency is set as equal to resonant frequency for first-order harmonic. The switching frequency is set as less than resonant frequency for third-order harmonic and fifth-order harmonic. The proposed method simulation is done in MATLAB SIMLINK.
IAEME PUBLICATION, 2020
This paper presents an inductive power transfer technology for the charging application of an electric vehicle (EV). The inductive power transfer has been an essential and effective way of transferring power to EV on the run. The frequency mismatch in between primary and secondary of inductive coupling is a major problem under a dynamic load condition of EV. In this paper, a suitable material and coil winding are chosen for primary and secondary coil to meet out the maximum inductive power transfer between the primary and secondary. Hence, a phase locked loop subsystem has been implemented for rectifying the frequency mismatch in between primary and secondary. The range of frequencies for which efficiency have been studied and analyzed under different load conditions. Finally, results have been obtained for a maximum power coupling as compared with conventional wireless transfer schemes.
DESIGN OF INDUCTIVE POWER TRANSFER (IPT) FOR LOW-POWER APPLICATION
Inductive power transfer (IPT) is preferred for numerous applications nowadays, ranging from microwatt bio-engineering devices to high power battery charging system. IPT system is based on the basic concept of electromagnetics induction which able to transfer the power from a source of electrical to the load without using any type of physical interconnection. This paper present a low-cost designed and implementation of IPT system via magnetic resonant coupling. NI Multisim 14.0 software was used to simulate the circuit diagram and the hardware prototype was developed for testing.
A Power Converter Decoupled from the Resonant Network for Wireless Inductive Coupling Power Transfer
Energies, 2019
In a traditional inductive coupling power transfer (ICPT) system, the converter and the resonant network are strongly coupled. Since the coupling coefficient and the parameters of the resonant network usually vary, the resonant network easily detunes, and the system efficiency, power source capacity, power control, and soft switching conditions of the ICPT system are considerably affected. This paper presents an ICPT system based on a power converter decoupled from the resonant network. In the proposed system, the primary inductor is disconnected from the resonant network during the energy injection stage. After storing a certain amount of energy, the primary inductor is reconnects with the resonant network. Through this method, the converter can be decoupled from the resonant network, and the resonant network can be tuned under various coupling coefficients. Theoretical analysis was explored first. Simulations and experimental work are carried out to verify the theoretical analysis...