Dual-responsive two-component supramolecular gels for self-healing materials and oil spill recovery (original) (raw)
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Soft Materials, 2019
A new gelator based of oleylamide has been introduced, which was gelled nonpolar hydrocarbon and CCl 4 solvents through self-assembly. Also, the gelator formed a two-component hydrogel in combination with SDS, an anionic surfactant. UV-Vis studies revealed that the H-type and J-type aggregation of organogels in hexane and hydrogel in water, respectively. The xerogel, obtained by evaporating the solvent of organogel, selectively gelled and adsorbed oil spills on water surfaces. The effect of the various parameters, including temperature, water acidity and pH on the oil spill adsorption was studied, revealing the high ability of the xerogel to removing the oil contamination from water in up to 10 min. The novelty of this work is the ability of the xerogel to the phase selective gelation of oil without an extra auxiliary and/or heat. Simple synthesis of gelator started with oleic acid from natural resources is a main advantage of the present work.
Healable supramolecular polymer solids
Progress in Polymer Science, 2015
The reversible nature of non-covalent interactions between constituting building blocks permits one to temporarily disassemble supramolecular polymers through the application of an appropriate external stimulus "on command". This framework has recently emerged as a general design strategy for the development of healable polymer systems. The approach exploits that the temporary disassembly decreases the molecular weight and in the case of cross-linked polymers the cross-link density, and thereby causes an increase of the chain mobility and a reduction of the the viscosity of the material. The transformation thus enables the disassembled material to flow and fill defects, before the original supramolecular polymer is reassembled. Focusing on recent progress in the area of healable supramolecular polymer solids based on hydrogen-bonding, metal-ligand and interactions, as well as supramolecular nanocomposites, this review article summarizes the development and current state of the field.
Polymer Chemistry, 2014
Marine and freshwater mussels secrete proteinaceous adhesive materials for adherence to the substrates upon which they reside. It is well known that 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) is the key to understanding these mussel adhesive proteins (MAPs). In order to gain a better understanding of their complex formation and quick recovery upon rupturing, novel water soluble copolymers of N-isopropyl 10 acrylamide and dopamine methacrylate were synthesized in such a way that, have 1, 2.5, and 5 mole percent dopamine monomer respect to the NIPAM monomer on average. The statistical distribution of DOPA-functionalities along the chain makes the material a close synthetic equivalent of the byssal thread proteins of mytili. At acidic pH, the aqueous copolymer solution behaves like an unentangled copolymer solution, but at basic pH, these catechol functionalities form a dicomplex with H 3 BO 3 , thereby 15 crosslinking two chains, proven by 11B-NMR and gelation. The polymer solution is thermosensitive with a pH-dependent lower critical solution temperature (LCST) between 21 and 33°C, depending on DOPAcontent. If 2 or more functionalities per chain are present, a gel is formed that is self-healing with very quick recovery from sustained damage. The moduli of the gels depend on the concentration of functionalities. Hence, triple stimuli responsive copolymers were obtained. 20 65 of the byssus to 'self-heal' after suffering apparently nonrecoverable mechanical deformation 35 is thought to be related to coordination bonding between metals and byssal proteins. 36, This mechanism of metal-induced protein complexation could be used to create a new class of self-healing polymeric hydrogel 70 materials where the structure and properties could be controlled. A number of procedures have been developed to produce polymer chains that contain functional groups suitable for
Chemistry of materials : a publication of the American Chemical Society, 2015
Supramolecular hydrogels have the advantages of stimuli responsiveness and self-healing compared to covalently crosslinked hydrogels. However, the existing supramolecular hydrogels are usually poor in mechanical properties especially in extensibility. In addition, these supramolecular hydrogels need a long self-healing time and have low self-healing efficiency. In this manuscript, we report a novel strategy to develop highly extensible and fast self-healing supramolecular hydrogels by using pre-coordinated mussel-inspired catechol-Fe(3+) complexes as dynamic crosslinkers. The hydrogel can be fabricated and cast into various shapes by one-step photo-crosslinking. Thus fabricated hydrogels can be stretched beyond 10 times their original lengths, and the high extensibility can completely recover within a very short time (less than 20 minutes) even after the hydrogels are entirely cut apart. Utilizing the dynamic nature of supramolecular hydrogels, we can realize different mechanical be...
Self-Healing Alkyl Acrylate-Based Supramolecular Elastomers Cross-Linked via Host–Guest Interactions
Macromolecules, 2019
We prepared acrylamide monomers with permethylated cyclodextrins (PM-CDAAmMe) or peracetylated cyclodextrins (PAc-CDAAmMe). PM-CDAAmMe and PAc-CDAAmMe are soluble in various hydrophobic liquid acrylate monomers, and they can form inclusion complexes with guest monomers such as adamantane or fluoroalkyl groups tethered to a vinyl residue. The bulk polymerization of the liquid acrylate monomers with the PM-CDAAmMe or PAc-CDAAmMe monomers and the guest monomers gave highly flexible and tough elastomers. Tensile tests on the obtained supramolecular elastomers showed fracture strains of over 800% and fracture energies that were 12 times larger than those of covalently cross-linked conventional elastomers, indicating that the host−guest cross-linking made the supramolecular elastomers quite tough. During the deformation process, the applied stress is dispersed into the supramolecular elastomers by dissociation and recombination of the reversible host−guest complex. Moreover, these host−guest complexes also allow the adhesion of fractured pieces of the supramolecular elastomers without adhesives. The mechanical strength of the fractured elastomer was restored to ∼99% of its initial strength within 4 h. The self-healing properties can be attributed to the reversible cross-linking by the host−guest interactions.
Viscoelasticity of a Supramolecular Polymer Network and its Relevance for Enhanced Oil Recovery
Polymer Rheology
Supramolecular polymer networks are built up by combining multiple noncovalent interactions among macromolecules, resulting in the formation of materials with versatile functionality. This chapter describes an exploratory research focused on the formulation of a supramolecular polymer network based on reversible interactions among the main-and side chains of a mixture of xanthan gum, partly hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM), and a hydrophobically modified polyacrylamide (HMPAM) in brine solutions relevant for applications in enhanced oil recovery (EOR). The formation and characterization of the supramolecular network system was carried out through oscillatory rheology.
Stimuli responsive self-healing polymers: gels, elastomers and membranes
Polymer Chemistry, 2017
The development of responsive polymers with self-healing properties has expanded significantly which allow for the fabrication of complex materials in a highly controllable manner, for diverse uses in biomaterials science, electronics, sensors and actuators and coating technologies.