Vaccinated Healthcare Workers’ Adherence to COVID-19 Prevention Measures and Associated Factors in Northwest Ethiopia: A Facility-Based Cross-Sectional Study (original) (raw)
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Infection and Drug Resistance, 2021
Background: Since December 29, 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has been spreading and is associated with notoriously increased morbidity and mortality of populations worldwide, including Ethiopia. Medicine and the healthcare system have been challenged by both first and second-waves of SARS-CoV-2. During this entire crisis, the main purpose of this study was to determine the current evidence on the level of awareness and prevention practice of healthcare workers (HCWs) at the district primary hospital, Delghi Primary Hospital (DPH) regarding COVID-19 in the overall effort to control the spread of the virus. Methods: Institutional-based descriptive cross-sectional analysis was performed between late August and September 20, 2020. Participants of the study were HCWs with various occupations at DPH, North West Gondar, Ethiopia. In this study, among 112 health professions, we included a total of 104 HCWs. Written consent was obtained for willingness of the study participants from the DPH administrative office. Then, using a pre-tested, structured, and self-administered questionnaire, data were collected. The questionnaire included sociodemographics, sources of information, knowledge, and practice measures regarding COVID-19. The collected data were analyzed through IBM SPSS version 20. As a cutoff value, ≥8 out of 15 knowledge questions and ≥7 out of 14 practice questions were considered good knowledge and practice, respectively. Results: The result of this study showed the majority of the respondents were male (71/104, (68.3%)), with a median age of 28 (minimum age 20 and maximum age 50) years. Thus, 94.2% (n=98/104) was the overall rate of correctly answered questions out of 15 knowledge questions. However, 40.6% of them had poor prevention practices. 73.1% of participants used regular hand-washing with soap and 64.4% used hand sanitizer and handshake avoidance equally for prevention purposes. Whereas, social distancing rule and mask-wearing were reported as impracticable by 55.8% and 44.2%, respectively. Conclusion: 94.2% of HCWs had a good level of knowledge about COVID-19; in contrast, lack of preventive practice was observed. This implies that there is a gap between knowledge and implementation of preventive measures toward the disease.
Journal of Infection Prevention
Background Infection prevention and control (IPC) practices against COVID-19 should be adopted by healthcare workers (HCWs) at their workplaces to protect themselves, their patients, and their families from infection. Purpose This study aimed to describe the relationship between the healthcare-related COVID-19 infection prevention measures adopted by HCWs and their SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity. Research Design This cross-sectional study was conducted during the second and third COVID-19 waves in Egypt. Study Sample The study included 416 unvaccinated HCWs from 39 hospitals in Egypt. Data Collection Sociodemographic data, as well as COVID-19 IPC measures done at work, and protective measures performed by their healthcare facilities were collected. SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antibodies were measured by ELISA. Results 58.2% of participants were seropositive for SARS-CoV-2. Among the previously undiagnosed HCWs, 125/271 (46.1%) were seropositive. Predictors of seropositivity were rural resid...
Risk factors for breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection in vaccinated healthcare workers
PLOS ONE, 2021
Background and objective The risk factors for breakthrough infections among healthcare workers (HCW) after completion of a full course of vaccination are poorly understood. Our objective was to determine the risk factors for breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection among HCWs at a national healthcare system in Qatar. Methods We identified all HCWs at Hamad Medical Corporation in Qatar between December 20, 2020 and May 18, 2021 with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR infection >14 days after the second vaccine dose. For each case thus identified, we identified one control with a negative test after December 20, 2020, matched on age, sex, nationality, job family and date of SARS-CoV-2 testing. We excluded those with a prior positive test and temporary workers. We used Cox regression analysis to determine factors associated with breakthrough infection. Results Among 22,247 fully vaccinated HCW, we identified 164 HCW who had breakthrough infection and matched them to 164 controls to determine the ...
Resurgence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Highly Vaccinated Health System Workforce
New England Journal of Medicine
(UCSDH) workforce experienced a dramatic increase in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections. Vaccination with mRNA vaccines began in mid-December 2020; by March, 76% of the workforce had been fully vaccinated, and by July, the percentage had risen to 87%. Infections had decreased dramatically by early February 2021. 1 Between March and June, fewer than 30 health care workers tested positive each month. However, coincident with the end of California's mask mandate on June 15 and the rapid dominance of the B.1.617.2 (delta) variant that first emerged in mid-April and accounted for over 95% of UCSDH isolates by the end of July (Fig. 1), infections increased rapidly, including cases among fully vaccinated persons. Institutional review board approval was obtained for use of administrative data on vaccinations and case-investigation data to examine mRNA SARS CoV-2 vaccine effectiveness. UCSDH has a low threshold for SARS-CoV-2 testing, which is triggered by the presence of at least one symptom during daily screening or by an identified exposure, regardless of vaccination status. From March 1 to July 31, 2021, a total of 227 UCSDH health care workers tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by reverse-transcriptase-quantitative polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-qPCR) assay of nasal swabs; 130 of the 227 workers (57.3%) were fully vaccinated. Symptoms were present in 109 of the 130 fully vaccinated workers (83.8%) and in 80 of the 90 unvaccinated workers (88.9%). (The remaining 7 workers were only partially vaccinated.) No deaths were reported in either group; one unvaccinated person was hospitalized for SARS-CoV-2-related symptoms. Vaccine effectiveness was calculated for each month from March through July; the case definition was a positive PCR test and one or more symptoms among persons with no previous Covid-19 infection (see the Supplementary Appendix). Vaccine effectiveness exceeded 90% from March through June but fell to 65.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 48.9 to 76.9) in July
Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection among Vaccinated Health Workers and Hospital Staff
Frontline healthcare workers are critical for a timely response to SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. An observational cross-sectional study, with three evaluations, was conducted. For each evaluation, RT-PCR and IgM/IgG antibodies tests were performed. 1,118 participated in round-1; 862 in round-2 and 753 in round-3 were included. Presence of infection was lower in round-1 (1.3% vs 2.8% vs 2.3%). Adjusted seropositivity decreased for round-3 [37.5% (95%CI 34.3-40.3), 36.7% (95%CI 33.5-39.8), 23.2% (95%CI 20.3-26.2)]. Participants with a previous PCR+ had a higher frequency of seropositivity [65.7% (95%CI 60.6-70.6)]. We identified asymptomatic health personnel positive for SARS-CoV-2 and low seroprevalence compared with other reports.
2022
OBJECTIVE Health care workers_ the first line army in the current pandemic_ are the most vulnerable group for COVID-19 infection. Vaccination of health care workers is strongly recommended to salvage our army. However, more research is needed to determine the safest and most effective vaccine. In our study, we assessed the safety and effectiveness of the first approved vaccine in Egypt_ the Sinopharm vaccine. DESIGN, SETTING: An ambispective cohort study was conducted in fifteen triage and isolation hospitals, from the 1st of March till the end of September 2021. Participants are either fully vaccinated or unvaccinated. OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Efficacy outcome to assess vaccine effectiveness, severity outcome to assess incidence rate of hospitalized cases (severe to critically ill) or the COVID-19 related mortality, in addition to the safety of the vaccine. INTERPRETATION: From the selected hospitals, we included 1228 of 1364 interviewed healthcare workers. Vaccine effectiveness was ...
Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) possess high mortality and morbidity across the globe. In India, BBV-152 (CovaxinTM) and ChAdOx1-nCOV (CovishieldTM) vaccines are now being used to limit the spread of SARS-CoV-2 Infection. A Cross sectional observational study was designed to analyze the Antibody immune response to SARS CoV-2 vaccine quantitatively among Health Care Workers and it was correlated with age, sex, other comorbidities and blood group. A total of 160 fully vaccinated HCWs, the Anti-SARS-CoV-2 level was estimated by using Chemiluminescence Immuno Assay. A protective immune response following the complete course of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine should be ≥ 1.00 S/C. A total of 160 HCWs (82 Male, 78 Female) who had completed both the doses of Covishield (n=128) and Covaxin (n=32). Both the vaccine recipient had mild to moderate symptoms and none of the HCWs had severe adverse events after administration of vaccine. Out of which, 143 (89.3%) HCWs showed s...
International journal of medical science and clinical research studies, 2023
Acute Respiratory Syndrome related Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) is a novel Coronavirus causing the current pandemic. Among all the efforts to curtail the pandemic, vaccination is an important pillar towards halting transmission and reducing morbidity and mortality due to this disease. SARS-CoV2 has affected healthcare professionals (HCPs) globally. HCPs were a priority group that was vaccinated in the first phase in India. No vaccine is 100% effective. The effectiveness of the SARS-CoV2 vaccine in this high risk group needs to be studied. Objective: This study was undertaken to understand the number of breakthrough infections among doctors and nurses, their clinical presentation and outcomes after SARS-CoV2 vaccination was started in January 2021. Materials & Methods:This was a prospective study conducted in a 221 bed tertiary care hospital in Mumbai. Data regarding vaccination of doctors and nurses were collated from 16 th Jan 2021 to 30 th July 2021. The vaccines used were Covisheild (ChAdOx1-S/nCoV-19) and Covaxin (BBV152). A total of 638 HCWs were enrolled into the study comprising of 519 nurses and 119doctors. Relative risk and chi-square test analysis was performed to determine if there was a significant difference between breakthrough infections among those fully vaccinated versus the partially or non vaccinated HCWs. Results: 582/638 (84.3%) of our HCWs were vaccinated with atleast one dose of the vaccine as of 31 st July 2021. 404/638 (63.3%) of the HCWs were vaccinated with both doses of the vaccines. 178/638 (27.9%) were vaccinated with only the first dose. 48/638 (7.52%) were not vaccinated till 31 st July 2021. Breakthrough infections (BTIs) were seen in 5.2% (21/404) of HCWs. 22.9%(11/48) of unvaccinated HCWs had the infection in 2021 after vaccines were introduced. 17.4%(31/178) HCWs got infected after the first dose of vaccine. 13.5 % (7/52) of infected HCWs got admitted but did not require any oxygen support indicating they all had mild disease. All HCWs recovered completely. Conclusion: Our data clearly indicates that vaccination has a protective effect to SARS-CoV2 infection, with 22.9% infection among the unvaccinated HCWs and only 5% infection among HCWs who had taken two doses of the SARS-CoV2 vaccine. All infections post vaccination were mild in our study.
Global health, epidemiology and genomics, 2022
Background. A novel coronavirus, a virus that causes coronavirus disease (COVID-19), was first identified in Wuhan, China, on December 2019. e virus affects the respiratory system and it is highly contagious, spreading from person to person. Healthcare workers are more at risk due to the nature of their work, which is caring for both COVID-19-affected and nonaffected patients. Lack of knowledge about the disease directly affects early diagnosis and treatment, which may result in the rapid spread of the infection in the community. Having enough knowledge about a disease can always affect an individual's attitudes and practices. However, there is limited evidence on the knowledge, attitude, practice of prevention, and control measures of COVID-19 and associated factors among healthcare workers (HCWs) in resource-limited countries, including Ethiopia. Methods. A facility-based cross-sectional study design was used among 334 samples of health workers who were selected using a stratified two-stage sampling technique, from health facilities of the Horo Guduru Wollega Zone from May to June 2021. A structured self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data from the HCWs. e information collected was entered to EpiData version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 21 software for further analyses. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with the KA practice of the HCWs. ose variables with a p value <05 with a 95% confidence interval (CI) were considered as statistically significantly associated with the outcome variable. Result. Among the participating HCWs, 208 (64%; 95% CI: (58.8%, 69.2%)) of them had good practices of prevention and control measures of COVID-19 with the mean (±SD) practice score was 7.63 ± 2.45. Multivariable binary logistic regression revealed that being a health center worker (AOR � 0.34, 95% CI: (0.19, 0.60)), being trained (AOR � 0.41, 95% CI: (0.21, 0 .82)), and having sufficient knowledge (AOR � 2.73, 95% CI: (1.35, 5.53)) were significantly associated with good preventive practice. Conclusion. e overall magnitude of practice of prevention and control measures of COVID-19 was not sufficient. erefore, strategies for enhancing the capacity of healthcare workers to exercise practices of prevention and control measures of COVID-19 are needed.
Background Corona Virus Disease is an acute respiratory illness first discovered and identified in China. Countries are taking various precautions to prevent COVID-19 in accordance with WHO guidelines. Objective The objective of this study is to assess the practice of the COVID-19 prevention strategy post vaccination and associated factors among health professionals in Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, Bahir Dar, Northwest Ethiopia, in 2021. Methods An institutional-based cross-sectional study was carried out at Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, Bahir Dar Ethiopia. Results In this study, 68.7% (95% CI: (63.7, 73.8)) of health care professionals had good practice of the COVID-19 prevention strategy post vaccination. Sex, 1.76% (95% CI: (1.08, 2.89), Marital status (Married) 1.75% (95% CI: (1.09, 2.93)), and good attitude towards vaccination 3.42% (95% CI: (2.13, 5.48)) were significantly associated with the practices of health care professionals post vaccination. Conclusions The practice...