In-season variation in shoulder strength, movement and pain in elite cricketers: A cohort study (original) (raw)
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Relationship between shoulder complex strength and throwing velocity in club cricketers
Journal of Human Sport and Exercise
I would like to acknowledge the many contributions of Dr. Lloyd Leach, my supervisor, who always encouraged me to complete this thesis. Who was always patient and extremely supportive, even if I was all over the show most of the time. He really inspired me to do my best and encouraged me not to live life on the edge. Thank you so much for everything and for all the learning experiences in my academic journey. The National Research Foundation (NRF) for funding my Masters studies. The University of the Western Cape cricket team and the Sport Skills for Life Skills (SS4LS) members for participating in my study. It was pleasure working with you guys. Ms. Nomntu Tsoli, who allowed me to print countless data sheets from time to time and for the support through this thesis journey. Mr. Smart Mabweazara, who assisted me through the technical details of this thesis. I wish to express my sincere appreciation to the following people for their support:
Journal of Advances in Sports and Physical Education, 2019
Background: The overhead throwing motion is complex, and restrictions in range of motion (ROM) at the hip may place additional demands on the shoulder that lead to injury. However, the relationship between hip and shoulder ROM in fast bowlers with and without a history of shoulder injury is unknown. Aim: To find out the association between non dominant hip and dominant shoulder internal rotation range of motion with and without shoulder injury in cricket fast bowlers. Study design: A cross-sectional study. Method: 35symptomatic and 35 asymptomatic fast bowlers were included. Symptomatic and asymptomatic fast bowlers were screened for the measurement of non-dominant hip and dominant shoulder rotation range of motion. And SPADI used to screen for the shoulder injury in symptomatic fast bowlers. Results: There is significant association between shoulder injury and non-dominant hip IR ROM and no significant association between non-dominant hip and dominant shoulder IR ROM. Conclusion: Fast bowlers with shoulder injury had decreased non dominant hip IR ROM and the co-relation was significant. The decreased IR ROM was compensated by other kinematic chain and ER ROM. Hence, fast bowlers with shoulder pathology must always be screened for hip joint ROM as well.
Shoulder injury in professional cricketers
Physical Therapy in Sport, 2008
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Relationship between shoulder performance and scapular positions in recreational cricket bowlers
Background: Cricket is a global sport which requires skill, strategy and physical fitness. The scapula facilitates optimal shoulder complex function to produce efficient movement which maintain mobility and stability to the shoulder complex. The relationship between shoulder performance and scapular positions in recreational cricket bowlers is not well addressed. Hence aim of the study was to find the relationship between shoulder performance and scapular positions in recreational cricket bowlers as to see any relation in these and to prevent further injuries in recreational cricket bowlers. Materials and Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 46 recreational cricket bowlers between ages 20-25 years. Bowlers who played for more than one to 3 hours per week and irregular practice without any history of injury to upper extremity or spine, shoulder or spine surgery were recruited for the study. Shoulder performance and Scapular positions were measured using Upper Quarter Y Balance test (UQYBT) and Lateral Scapular Slide test (LSST) respectively. The Karl Pearson correlation coefficient is used to establish relationship between the variables. Result and Conclusion: A statistically significant negative correlation found between UQYBT and Lateral scapular slide test at the positions of 0°, 45°, 90° p<0.05. Hence we concluded that there is a relationship between shoulder performance and scapular positions in recreational cricket bowlers. Therefore, dynamic balance training should be added along with scapular strength training to enhance the performance of the recreational cricket bowlers.
FREQUENCY OF SHOULDER PAIN AND FUNCTIONAL LEVEL AMONG OVERHEAD THROWING ATHLETES AT QAYYUM SPORTS COMPLEX PESHAWAR, PAKISTAN: A DESCRIPTIVE CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY, 2022
BACKGROUND: Shoulder pain is recognized as one of the most frequent injuries that affect both females and males. Nearly 30% of the overheard sports athletes suffer a shoulder injury in their careers. Keeping in view the significance of the topic. OBJECTIVE: this study was designed to determine the frequency of shoulder pain among overhead-throwing athletes and the performance and func onal level of these athletes. METHODOLOGY: This descrip ve cross-sec onal study was conducted on overhead-throwing athletes at Qayyum sports complex Peshawar. Data were collected from 150 par cipants recruited through systema c random sampling. SPSS version 25 was used for data analysis. The percentage of responses for every three parts was calculated separately and presented as tables and bar charts. RESULTS: Out of 150 par cipants which reported shoulder pain among which 55(36.7%) reported mild pain, 18(12%) reported moderate pain and 3(2%) par cipants reported severe pain. The overall func onal level was normal in ¾ of the popula on. CONCLUSION: It is concluded from the current study that there was a total of 95 (63.3%) par cipants who reported shoulder pain among which 55(36.7%) reported mild pain, 18(12%) reported moderate pain and 3(2%) par cipants reported severe pain. The overall func onal level was normal in ¾ of the popula on.
International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 2022
Background Deficits in shoulder range of motion (ROM) and strength are associated with risk of arm injury in baseball players. Purpose The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a standardized exercise program, during the fall season, on shoulder ROM and rotational strength in collegiate baseball players. Study Design Prospective cohort study Methods Passive shoulder internal rotation (IR), external rotation (ER), and horizontal adduction ROM were measured with an inclinometer. Shoulder IR and ER strength was assessed using a hand-held dynamometer and normalized to body weight. Players performed a program of shoulder stretching and strengthening exercises, three times/week for one month and then one time/week for two months. Paired sample t-tests compared pre-intervention to post-intervention outcome measures. Results Division I baseball players (n=43; 19.6±1.2years, 185.8±5.5cm, 90.5±7.0kg) volunteered. From pre-to post-intervention, there were increases in horizontal adduction ROM in the throwing (Mean Difference (MD)=6.1°, 95%CI=3.7,8.5; p<0.001) and non-throwing arm (MD=8.0°, 95%CI=5.6,10.3; p<0.001), and a decrease in non-throwing arm ER ROM (MD=2.8°, 95%CI= 0.2,5.5; p=0.039). The ER ROM surplus (throwing-non-throwing) increased (MD=5.6°, 95%CI= 1.1,10.2; p=0.016). Throwing arm (MD=1.3%BW, 95%CI=0.5-2.1, p=0.003) and non-throwing arm (MD=1.2%BW, 95%CI=0.4,2.0; p=0.004) ER strength decreased. A notable, but non-significant increase in IR strength on the throwing arm (MD=1.6%BW, 95%CI=0.1,3.0; p=0.055) and decrease on the non-throwing arm (MD=1.2%BW, 95%CI=0.0,2.4; p=0.055) occurred. Additionally, throwing arm ER:IR strength ratio (MD=0.16, 95%CI=0.08,0.25; p<0.001) also decreased. Conclusion Changes in shoulder horizontal adduction ROM, IR strength and relative ER surplus on the throwing arm were noted at the end of the season. The lack of change in IR and ER ROM and may be related to the lack of deficits at the start of the fall season.
Effect of exercise on shoulder and leg muscles for cricket players
"International Journal of Physical Education, Sports and Health", 2022
The Purpose of my study is to find out the Muscular Strength and Speed of leg and shoulder muscles for the Ranji Trophy cricket players of Bihar and Jharkhand by the help of given training plan. To facilitate this study there were six (N=6) cricketers and their age ranged between 19 to 26 years have been selected randomly. Pre-training data of JCR test, and post training data were recorded respectively after completion of six-week successful training schedule. The Muscular strength and Speed of the Players were tested for statistical significance by the computation of dependent t-test ratios. The analysis was showing that the Muscular strength and speed were significant among them at 0.05 level of confidence. Based on the findings of this study the following conclusion was drawn that the muscular strength and speed has increased by following the same training methodology for the same variables. In this study also found that there is partial effect of six weeks implemented training plan on the subject. The effect of muscular strength on leg muscles are only visible. Effect of speed training and muscular strength training on shoulder muscles haven't seen.
Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 2010
To assess muscular strength and endurance of the bowling and non-bowling arm of collegiate ten pin bowlers. METHODS: Twenty-five (13 male; 12 female) college bowlers were tested for bilateral upper body strength and endurance with an isokinetic dynamometer (Biodex, System 4). Subjects were seated and positioned vertically to allow full extension and flexion of the elbow to assess strength (60º•s-1) and endurance (240º•s-1) simulating a chest-press exercise. RESULTS: All subjects but one bowled with their dominant arm. Subjects (N=25) produced significantly (P<0.05) greater strength and endurance outcomes during elbow extension in the bowling arm compared to the non-bowling arm (115.6±43.5 vs. 98±32.8 N•m•kg-1; and 66.5±26.8 vs. 59.4±24.1 N•m•kg-1, respectively). Greater strength (60º•s-1) was also produced during elbow flexion in the bowling arm (139.1±51.2 N•m•kg-1) compared to the non-bowling arm (131.1±49.4 N•m•kg-1). Muscular endurance was significantly greater in the bowling arm during elbow extension (push) and no significant (P>0.05) differences observed in elbow flexion (pull). However, when separating the group by gender, the female bowlers (N=12) produced significantly (P<0.05) greater torque in both elbow extension movements at 60º•s-1 and 240º•s-1 (109±45.3 vs. 91±33.3 N•m•kg-1; and 61.4±25.2 vs. 55.2±25.1 N•m•kg-1) in the bowling arm compared to the non-bowling arm. CONCLUSION: College bowlers perform hundreds of repetitions with their bowling arm with a weighted object (13-16lbs), thus allowing for muscle adaptations and development of upper body muscular strength and endurance over the non-bowling arm.
Assessment of Shoulder Strength in Professional Baseball Pitchers
Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy, 2000
Study Design: A bilateral comparison of strength and range of motion testing in professional baseball pitchers. Objective: We studied 39 professional male baseball pitchers to determine if the shoulder used for throwing was weaker or had kss passive range of motion, compared to the nondominant arm. Background: Shoulder muscle weakness has been proposed as a possible risk factor for developing injury. Therefore, objective quantification of the strength of glenohumeral and scapular rotator muscle groups should be studied in a population of professional baseball pitchers. Methods and Measures: Passive internal and external range of motion was bilaterally measured at 90' of abduction. Muscle strength of the following muscles was measured bilaterally with a hand-held dynamometer: external and internal glenohumeral rotators, supraspinatus, middle trapezius, lower trapezius, and serratus anterior. Results: Passive external rotation of the glenohumeral joint at 90' of abduction on the pitching side was significantly greater than on the nonpitching side. Passive internal rotation range of motion on the nonpitching side was significantly greater than on the pitching side. The pitching arm' s internal rotators, when tested in abduction, were significantly stronger than the nonpitching arm. The nonpitching arm' s external rotators in the plane of the scapula, and in abduction, were significantly greater than those of the pitching arm. The pitching arm' s middle and lower trapezius muscles were significantly stronger than those of the nonpitching arm. Conclusion: The range of motion and strength characteristics measured in this study can assist clinicians in evaluating athletes who use overhead throwing motions.) Orthop Sports