The physical model of changes setting in multilayer bearings (original) (raw)
Related papers
MAIN BEARING WEAR ANALYSIS AT VARYING LOAD AND SPEED OF THE ENGINE
IRJMETS, 2021
The bearing in internal combustion engines provides support for crankshaft movement and the piston with minimal power loss. The rotating components in internal combustion engines are fitted with sliding bearings. The introduction of lubricant between contact surfaces of a bearing in internal combustion engines reduces the sliding friction on the surface significantly and there is need to determine the frictional torque associated with bearing wear at varying engine speed, and also the loss power due to the diesel engine bearing wear. The analysis was done with model equations at varying engine speed and loads with given bearing parameters. The constant supply of lubricating oil on the bearing in sufficient quantity will reduces the bearing surface wear. The wear rate of the bearing, power loss and the loads were significant at 100 o C (442.22 J/s) than at 40 o C (2314.19 J/s) viscosity temperatures. This signifies that the engine performs reduced wear rate at 100 o C (3.0184 x 10-12 mm 3 /s) than at 40 o C (1.5800 x 10-11 mm 3 /s) viscosity temperature.
Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 2016
Precise prediction of the lifetime of rolling element bearings is a crucial step towards a reliable design of many rotating machines. For bearings subjected to highly varying loads, recent research emphasises a strong reduction of the actual bearing lifetime w.r.t. the classically calculated bearing lifetime. This paper experimentally analyses the influence of external dynamic loads on the lifetime of rolling element bearings. A novel bearing test rig is introduced. The test rig is able to apply a fully controlled multi-axial static and dynamic load on a single test bearing. Also, different types and sizes of bearings can be tested. Two separate investigations are conducted. First, the behaviour of the lubricant film between the rolling elements and raceways is analysed. Increased metallic contact or breakdown of the film during dynamic excitation is investigated based on the measured electrical resistance through the bearing. The study shows that the lubricant film thickness follows the imposed variations of the load. Variations of the lubricant film thickness are similar to the variations when the magnitude of the static bearing load is changed. Second, wear of the raceway surfaces is analysed. Surface wear is investigated after a series of accelerated lifetime tests under high dynamic load. Due to sliding motion between asperities of the contacting surfaces in the bearing, polishing of the raceway honing structure occurs. This polishing is clearly observed on SEM images of the inner raceway after a test duration of only 0.5% of the calculated L 10 life. Polishing wear of the surfaces, such as surface induced cracks and material delamination, is expected when the bearing is further exposed to the high dynamic load.
Role of Bearings in New Generation Automotive Vehicles: Powertrain
2020
Modern Automobile powertrain’s technology is transforming to enable “connected, autonomous, shared and electric” (CASE). Modern automobiles are targeting to achieve the maximum vehicle uptime, utilization, and better total cost of ownership (TCO). Bearing is a vital component (sub-system) to achieve modern automobile’s performance targets. Bearings plays important role of performance enhancement of all the rotating parts in systems by carrying the load and facilitating transfer of torque. Bearings achieve its performance via correct selection of materials, manufacturing technologies, design optimized geometries, sealing, lubrication in addition to application specific features. In modern automobile passenger comfort is key consideration and role of bearing is critical to achieve lower system noise. This chapter focuses on building awareness of the bearing technical requirements for different aggregates and means to achieve the requirements for modern automobiles. Summary of 11,300 p...
Tribology International, 2019
This study specifically focuses on the friction properties of bearing materials. By means of laboratory test rigs using ring on disc and bearing segment systems extensive investigations under mixed friction conditions and start stop operation were carried out in this area. One the one hand, commonly used bearing products including bimetal and trimetal bearings with various coatings are studied resulting in elucidation of the underlying mechanisms of the friction performance. On the other hand, based on the conclusions thereof, novel bearing coatings are introduced and are verified regarding friction performance. The results emphasize the changing behavior of the friction characteristics of bearing materials. Furthermore, the outstanding mixed friction capabilities of the herein proposed novel bearing coatings are documented.
The Behavior of Tribological Characteristics of Diesel Crank-Shaft Bearing
World Tribology Congress III, Volume 2, 2005
In this paper, the various methods of wear and lubrication calculation for crankshaft sliding bearing are presented basing on the solution of dynamic problem for hydrodynamic equation of lubrication and wear. The concrete parameters as lubricant film thickness, eccentricity, pressure and velocity distribution, friction coefficient and wear intensity are determined. The proposals of concrete parameters of bearing are discussed.
Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology, 2020
A three-dimensional thermohydrodynamic numerical simulation study was used to investigate the impact of the micro-groove surface texturing on the tribological performances in the main bearing of the internal combustion engine. For this purpose, various number of grooves and groove height to the bearing surface were applied to determine the optimal texture surface parameters by comparing the load-carrying capacity and friction force in the engine main bearing. In the multiphysics numerical model, the three-dimensional Navier–Stokes equation was employed considering the cavitation mechanism based on the Elrod method in the solution. Using the transverse grooves on the bearing surface altered the cavitation response and film reformation. To validate the use of the current numerical model for analyzing the bearings, the obtained results were compared with those of the published theoretical papers, where a good agreement was obtained. The bearing performance was studied in thermal interf...
Frictional Behavior of Bearing Material under Gas Lubricated Conditions
Procedia Engineering, 2013
In this study, a Taguchi method is employed to determine statistically the optimal design parameters, and investigate the effect of gas lubrication on friction behavior of bearing material, which is carbon chromium steel. By selecting L 9 Taguchi's orthogonal arrays, nine sliding tests were carried out in air, O 2-and N 2-gas lubrication in accordance with the ASTM standard G99-95a. The test was performed over a broad range of applied loads (W), sliding velocities (v) and sliding distances (L) using a ball-on-disc tribometer. At higher applied load, sliding speed and sliding distance, it was found that gas blown to the sliding surfaces in air effectively reduced the coefficient of friction as compared to the air lubrication. In addition, based upon the mean of signal-to-noise (SN) ratio analysis, the sliding speed is the most influencing factor for minimizing coefficient of friction. In this study, the optimal design parameters for a lower coefficient of friction () are: lubricant = N 2 , W = 10N, v = 1000rpm, L = 1km. By using the optimal design parameters, a confirmation test successfully verified that the N 2-gas lubrication reduced coefficient of friction by 24%. This is in accordance with a significant reduction of wear scar diameter and smoother worn surface on the ball.
Wear of rolling element bearings
2013
"Bearing wear prognosis requires effective modelling and monitoring of rolling contact. Rolling contact wear is responsible for the damages initiating on and beneath the contacting surfaces. It is commonly observed in the experimental studies that rolling contact wear follows specific stages of initiation (i.e. debris, dentation, inclusions) and propagation (i.e. dents, micro-cracks, pits, spalls) over the lifetime. The initiation and propagation stages are functions of load induced stresses, material characteristics and operating conditions. Thus, different physical mechanisms are repre- sented in the evolution of rolling contact wear. Different monitoring techniques have limited physical capability. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to describe the evolution of rolling contact wear, which is measured using different possible monitoring techniques. Dynamic response, stress wave, and debris particles are the main outcomes for each stage of wear progress. The paper utilises a proposed five-stage model of rolling contact wear progress in order to explore the measured outcome of contact mechanics: Running-in, steady-state, defect initiation (dentations, pits, inclusions), defect propagation (extended pits, propagated cracks), damage growth (spalls). The paper is relevant in exploring the possible measurement techniques for the prognosis of the development of rolling contact wear. "
Analysis of Conditions in Boundary Lubrications Using Bearing Materials
In order to clearly establish the tribological potential of these alloys as bearing materials, the tribological parameters of the RAR Zn-Al alloys are compared to parameters of the CuPb15Sn8 lead-tin bronze, as a widely applied conventional bearing material. Existing Bearing of connecting rod is manufactured by using non ferrous materials like Gunmetal, Phosphor Bronze etc.. This paper describes the tribological behavior analysis for the conventional materials i.e. Brass and Gunmetal as well as New non metallic material Cast Nylon. Friction and Wear are the most important parameters to decide the performance of any bearing. In this paper attempt is made to check major tribological parameters for three material and try to suggest better new material compared to conventional existing material. It could help us to minimize the problem of handling materials like Lead , Tin, Zinc etc.After Test on wear machine. Our experimental results are accessing efficient processing in bearing conditions in semantic data representation of extracted related data materials